Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

News

https://angrau.ac.in/ANGRU/Library_Resources.aspx

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Open Access
ALLELE MINING AND ALLELIC DIVERSITY OF GENES GOVERNING GRAIN SIZE RELATED TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
(Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) SWARAJYA LAKSHMI NAIDU, B; LAKSHMI NARAYANA REDDY, V
Mining elite alleles for grain size is one of the key aspects for the improvement of cultivated rice to suit diverse global consumer preferences. Thus with the goal of identification of novel and superior alleles from the genes governing the grain size related traits by exploring the natural variability present in the rice germplasm, the present study was conducted. In all, 124 rice genotypes were evaluated for different grain traits such as grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length to width ratio (GL/GW), and 1000-grain weight (TGW). The germplasm of 124 rice genotypes presented substantial variation for grain size traits. Significant correlations were detected among the grain size traits. All the four traits exhibited normal distribution in the germplasm indicating quantitative inheritance of these traits. In total, 32 molecular markers comprising of 8 grain size gene-specific markers and 24 SSR markers covering all 12 chromosomes were used in this study and all markers showed polymorphism and produced a total of 86 alleles among the 124 rice varieties. Number of alleles ranged from 2 to 4 with an average of 2.68 alleles per locus. The mean polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.34, with values ranging from 0.70 (RM 252) to 0.03 (RM 502). The screening of the 124 rice genotypes with eight gene-specific markers viz., GS3 specific marker revealed two alleles, GS5INDEL1 revealed two alleles, qSW5 specific marker revealed four alleles, qGRL7.1 specific marker revealed two alleles, GS2 specific marker revealed two alleles, qsgw7 specific marker revealed two alleles, SLG7 specific marker revealed two alleles and GLW7 specific marker revealed two alleles with substantial variation in the germplasm. For finding the allelic diversity a dendrogram consisting of 124 rice genotypes was drawn using unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) based on genotyping data using NTSY spc -2.02e software. The dendrogram revealed that 124 genotypes could be made into two groups, A and B. The group A exclusively includes the extra-long grain length basmati genotypes. However, the group B could be again divided into two groups i.e., B1 and B2. The group B1 includes mostly long grain genotypes. The group B2 comprising of all classes of grain length and size genotypes. Based on the population structure Q matrix data the 124 accessions are divided into four clusters/subpopulations, viz., from POP1 to POP4. POP1 subpopulation was grouped under extra-long grain type, POP2 was grouped under long grain type, POP3 and POP4 includes all the four grain size classes. Eight marker-trait associations were identified by screening 124 genotypes with grain size specific primers for GL, GW, L/B and TGW traits. One GS3 gene-specific marker, GS3RGS1 was found to be associated with GL, GW, L/B and TGW traits with their PVE as 15.2%, 16.9%, 10.3% and 7.8%, respectively. Earlier results by Fan et al., (2006), Lu et al., (2013) and Xu et al., (2016) also reported that the GS3 is the major gene governing the grain length and minor gene for grain width. Similarly, one SSR marker, RM505 was showed association with GL, GW, L/B and TGW traits with their PVE as 4.4%, 2.6%, 1.9% and 3.8%, respectively. The present investigation reinforce the fact that grain size is a complex trait regulated by many genes located on different chromosomes. However, the gene specific markers, for GL, GW, TGW and L/B traits, such as GS3RGS1 and RM505 have potential to be used as foreground markers in marker-assisted breeding. Mining of complete gene sequences and other genes governing grain size traits is warranted further investigation adding some more germplasm. However, harmonious pyramiding of superior and novel alleles from diverse germplasm facilitates the designing of rice varieties suitable to diverse consumers in the world
Open Access
GENE EXPRESSION AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF KNOWN YIELD GENES IN HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
(Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) SURESH NAIK, E; LAKSMI NARAYANA REDDY, V
Rice (Oryza sative. L) is one of the major food crops in the world. Half of the world's population depends on rice as their staple food. Rice yield is governed by mainly three major traits i.e., number of tillers per plant, grain number per panicle, grain size and are directly associated with rice grain productivity. Rice yield is a complexly inherited trait governed by many genes/QTLs. As of now more than 34 genes have been molecularly cloned and characterized, however, using donors from China and Japan only. However, their gene expression and sequence variation needs to be validated before directly using them in the rice breeding programmes. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to validate the gene expression and sequence variation of the important cloned genes governing yield traits in known India donor varieties. In all, 21indica rice genotypes have been selected including 15 high yielding and 6 low yielding. The phenotypic data of the important yield and its component traits such as, plant height, culm height, number of tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, days to 50% flowering, filled grains, chaffy grains, spikelet fertility, grain weight, grain length, grain width, biological yield, harvest index, and economic yield have been recorded. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the 21 rice genotypes for all the agronomic traits revealed highly significant differences among the entries for all the characters except for panicle length, grain length, and grain width. The expression analysis was carried out with gene specific primers designed from key yield genes from the flag leaf and young panicles. The semi qRT PCR gene expression analysis in the selected rice genotypes revealed differential expression of all yield genes. The Gn1a gene expression analysis revealed that the known Indian high grain number donor varieties with low or nil gene expression such as, NLR33892, Ranjit, BPT2601, BPT5204 and Rasi can be used as donors for. The gene expression analysis of OsSPL14 revealed that the high grain number varieties with high gene expression can be used as donor varieties viz., MTU1064, Dee-geo-woo-gen, Rasi, BPT5204, and MTU1010 from Indian rice germplasm. The DEP1 gene expression revealed that the high expression varieties with high grain number could be value for marker assisted introgression of this trait into highly adaptable low grain number varieties. The GIF1 gene expression analysis revealed that the high gene expression varieties with high grain weight such as, BPT 2678 and Basmati370 are the potential donors for grain weight/grain filling trait. The GW8 gene expression analysis in all 21 rice genotypes revealed that the high grain weight varieties with high GW8 expression such as, MTU3626, IR-8, Dee-geo-woo-gen, MTU1010, MTU1001, and INRC10192 can be used as donors from Indian rice germplasm. The Ghd7 expression analysis revealed that the high grain number, tall plant, and late flowering varieties with high Ghd7 expression such as, NLR33892, BPT 2678, Ranjit are can be used a donors from Indian rice germplasm. Besides gene expression analysis, the DNA sequence variation of most differentially expressed yield genes such as Ghd7, DEP1 and Gn1a also analyzed in all high yielding and low yielding varieties. The whole genome DNA sequence of Ghd7 gene (3918 bp) was resequenced in all 21 rice genotypes. In all, 104 SNPs and 141 indels were detected. It was found that certain nucleotide variations are unique to high grain number varieties such as, MTU1121, MTU1010, and Dee-Geo-Woo-Gen. It was found that certain nucleotide variations are unique to tall (>95cm) varieties such as, INRC10192, Tetep, and MTU1001. It was found certain nucleotide variations are unique to late flowering (>105 days) varieties such as, MTU7029 (G/A) at 1426, MTU1001 (T/C) at 1425 bp positions of the gene. However, there is no nucleotide variations were found for their specific traits in all the varieties. The whole genome DNA sequence of DEP1 gene (4363 bp) was resequenced in all high yielding and low yielding rice genotypes. In all, 99 SNPs and 338 indels were detected in the 5732 base pair alignment and of these, three SNPs (IR-8) and 61 indels were detected in the promoter region of the gene. However, there are no nucleotide variations found specific to either low or high grain number varieties. The whole genomic DNA sequence of Gn1a gene (6476 base pair) was resequenced in all genotypes. In total, 97 SNPs and 121 indels were detected in the 4837 base pair alignment. Of these, one SNP (MTU1064) and 28 indels were detected in the promoter region. It was found certain nucleotide variations are unique to high grain number varieties such as, NLR33892, MTU1064, MTU1010 (G/G) and Dee-geo-woo-gen (A/T) having SNPs at 1426 base pair position of the gene. However, there are no nucleotide variations in specific to either low or high grain number varieties were observed. In short, an attempt was made to identify the Indian donor varieties comparison of important yield genes based on consistent gene expression and sequence analysis with reported donors. The shortlisted donors for the yield traits can be right away used in the rice breeding programmes.
Open Access
SELECTIVE LINE GENOTYPING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH HEAT TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
(Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) ARPITHA SHANKAR, BANDI; ESWARA REDDY, N.P.
Due to global warming and quickening industrialization environment is changing day by day and heat stress has become a major challenge for sustained production of rice. Rice is highly sensitive to heat stress during all growth stages, which will reduce the yield and create great losses. Production levels are decreasing gradually due to high temperature conditions. Hence, the present investigation was carried out to identify rice genotypes which can withstand high temperature conditions by employing Selective Line Genotyping approach. A set of 74 genotypes were tested for heat tolerance under laboratory conditions employing Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique with three temperature conditions viz. Control at room temperature, Sub-lethal gradual exposure to 38˚C -55˚C range and Lethal at 55˚C. Based on survival percentage (SP), relative root length, and relative shoot length measured under sub-lethal conditions over control, 14 genotypes were selected each under tolerant and sensitive classes. The genotypes under tolerant class fell between 80-100% survivability. Of 14 tolerant genotypes, two genotypes viz. FR13A and Swarna Sub1A showed 100% survivability and were highly out performed to check genotypes in relative root length (62.53% and 47.56%, respectively) and shoot length (106.20% and 40.74%, respectively), in comparison to known tolerant genotypes. Next to survival percentage, root length plays an important role for selecting genotypes. In our study Maximum root length fell in the range of 4.8 cm - 10.74 cm and maximum RRL was observed for BPT1235 (82.54%). Also when it comes to shoot length, highest shoot length was recorded in BPT1235 which is about 11.75cm. Based on the survival percentage (SP), RRL and RSL of genotypes, a total of 14 genotypes under each class viz. heat tolerant and heat sensitive classes were selected and used for molecular studies employing selective line genotyping approach (SLG). Under selective line genotyping approach, the selected tolerant and sensitive sets were genotyped with 51 SSR and genic markers. Out of all the 51 markers which were genotyped, the markers RM17270, RM16216, RM5687 and TTC/TTM gave polymorphic alleles, whereas 92% the markers couldn’t distinguish tolerant set from sensitive and as well among reported tolerant genotypes (N22, Dular and Nipponbare). In our study, the alleles generated by different polymorphic markers were not clearly distinguished the tolerant set from sensitive set of genotypes. Among the reported genotypes also the allele sizes were varied except for the marker TTC/TTM, as they are from different sub groups of rice. N22 and Dular comes under Aus group, whereas Nipponbare comes under japonica group. From the experiment, we have concluded that both heat stress tolerant genotypes FR13A and SwarnaSub1A can be used as donor sources for heat tolerance because these genotypes proved themselves to be good performers under sublethal conditions, also their amplification pattern with well reported loci RM17270 is similar to checks Dular and Nipponbare. Although, the other three markers are not much informative in the current study, to distinguish the tolerant group from sensitive group, they are reported to be linked to heat tolerance by different research groups. Thus, our study has unveiled valuable markers (regions) and genotypes in developing alternative donor sources in indica rice, rather original aus and japonica group, where they originally identified, to use them in heat tolerance breeding programmes for better yields. Put together the involvement of small set of phenotyping panel and use of extremely core set of genotyping panel for SLG that generated most relevant association of potent markers along with identified donors comparable to QTL mapping results. Further, the diverse allele pattern exhibited by genotypes alike large association panel, additional knowhow of the degree of association of a locus makes the SLG technique to be challenged as greatly powerful.
Open Access
IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES IN RESPONSE TO MID-SEASON DROUGHT IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
(Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) APARNA, ERAGAM; AMARAVATHI, Y
Drought is one of the major constraints in groundnut and governed by many genes with small effects operating in a coordinating manner. The present investigation was aimed for identification of differentially expressed transcripts in response to midseason drought in groundnut. To this end, a total of eleven genotypes viz., ICGV 07132, ICGV 07070, TCGS 1398, TCGS 1157, TCGS 1073, TCGS 1173, MLTG 4, Narayani, Tirupati 1, Kadiri 9 and Kadiri 6 were screened in pot culture for moisture stress tolerance. Among the eleven genotypes, TCGS 1157 and MLTG 4 genotypes showed early recovery after reaching the permanent wilting point and were grouped into moisture stress tolerant group. In contrast, Narayani and Kadiri 6 were highly sensitive to moisture stress. The field experiments were carried out at the research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) and molecular analysis at Genomics lab, Institute of Frontier Technology (IFT), RARS, Tirupati. The contrasting genotypes for mid-season drought viz., MLTG 4 and TCGS 1157 (tolerant) and Narayani and Kadiri 6 (susceptible) were further analyzed for morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters submitted to midseason moisture stress (50-80 DAS) in the field conditions. xiv SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Reading (SCMR) and Specific Leaf Area (SLA) were considered as surrogate traits for drought tolerance. The SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Reading values were increased as moisture stress period was increased upto 30 days in both drought tolerant and susceptible groundnut genotypes studied. SCMR can be used as non-destructive measure to estimate chlorophyll density while screening groundnut genotypes for drought tolerance. SLA decreased significantly in drought tolerant genotypes than in drought susceptible genotypes. Based on the SLA values, groundnut genotypes can be clearly distinguished from the drought susceptible genotypes. The increased levels of proline under drought stress can be better considered as drought stress indicator in groundnut. The accumulation of proline was more as the moisture stress progressed up to 30 days in all groundnut genotypes under the study. The total chlorophyll content under moisture stress imposed in groundnut genotypes initially was increased up to 70 DAS and declined at 80 DAS except for TCGS 1157. This was most probably due to prolonged vegetative growth phase in TCGS 1157 (120 days duration) when compared to MLTG 4, Narayani and Kadiri 6. To protect the cell from Reactive Oxygen Species generated in photorespiration, both catalase and peroxidase activities were increased in all the genotypes submitted to prolonged moisture stress. To unravel the molecular mechanisms conditioning drought tolerance, transcriptome was analyzed in groundnut subjected to mid-season stress (50-80DAS). To identify differentially expressed transcripts, cDNARAPD analysis was carried out using total RNA collected from leaves under well watered (control) and moisture stress situations at 10 (60 Days After Sowing), 20 (70 Days After Sowing) and 30 (Days After Sowing) days. Transcriptome was analyzed by cDNA-RAPD to identify differentially expressed transcripts in groundnut subjected to mid-season stress. cDNA-RAPD profiles with 35 RAPD markers resulted in a total of 823 reproducible differentially expressed transcripts in three regimes of moisture stresses. Among the 823 differentially expressed transcripts, 523 transcripts exhibited qualitative difference while 300 transcripts displayed quantitative differences in banding pattern of cDNA-RAPD profiles among all the four genotypes.
Open Access
MOLECULAR TAGGING OF YELLOW STRIPE LIKE (OsYSL) PROTEIN FAMILY GENES FOR GRAIN FE AND ZN CONTENT IN RICE (Oryza Sativa L.)
(Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) AJAY KUMAR, DOKUPARTHI; SRIVIDHYA, A
Association mapping (AM) provides useful insights on the genetic architecture of traits using a large number of natural populations. However, candidate gene/family based association study provides precise mapping and prompt recovery of major loci associated with respective trait from the gene level, that help to achieve precision in plant breeding. Hence, in the current study the knowledge of functionally characterized genes that participate in the uptake, long distance transport and grain loading of micronutrients viz. Fe and Zn were used for identification of markers/genes that associate with respective traits using genic Indel and SSR markers from these known loci. The grain Fe and Zn content of a total of 67 diverse rice genotypes were analysed with acid digestion method using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS). The mean Fe content of the association panel was 55.07ppm, with a highest Fe content of 77.37ppm (BC1F3-75; a line derived from cross involving LND384 and INRC10192). The mean Zn content observed was 22.27ppm wherein the genotype (BC1F3 75 (LND384/INRC10192) showed highest Zn content of 47.63ppm. When compared to the released biofortified rice varieties, a total of six genotypes viz. BC1F375 (77.37ppm, 47.63ppm), Swarna (76.33ppm, 31.71ppm), MTU1061 (63.91ppm, 30.47ppm), LN388 (71.57ppm, 27.72ppm), JGL17004 (64.50ppm, 27.07ppm) and HKR47 (69.40ppm, 26.53ppm) that out performed for Fe (>60ppm) and Zn (>25ppm) content, respectively were identified. A very high significant positive correlation value (r2 = 0.882**) was observed between grain Fe and Zn content measured among the genotypes, denotes that selection for grain Fe content simultaneously improves Zn content also. Genotyping of the association panel was done by employing a total of 40 markers (Indels and SSRs) targeting 18 YSL genes and another 7 reported QTL linked markers. The annealing temperatures for the primers were ranged from 55ºC to 64ºC. Of 41 used, ten markers (24.39%) were polymorphic, suggesting the availability of potential variability for few of the selected loci. The genotyping of association panel resulted in the generation of allele size range of 80bp - 450bp for the markers RM17621 and vf0419060908, respectively. Diversity study using YSL gene specific polymorphic markers in association panel revealed a total of 23 alleles, with an average of 3.8 alleles per loci. Highest number of alleles (6) was observed for YSL2 gene and lowest number of alleles was observed for YSL13 (2). The polymorphism information content (PIC) value for these primers ranged from a 0.59 (04g44300) to 0.88 (vf0509222520), followed by 0.88 (vf0226164382) with an average PIC value of 0.72. Diversity study using four polymorphic QTL linked markers, total of 24 alleles were found with a range of 5 alleles (RM243 and RM3412) to 8 (RM17) and with mean allele value of 6. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value for these primers ranged from a 0.69 (RM3412) to 0.87 (RM17) with an average PIC value of 0.80 Marker – trait association study using TASSEL software revealed 6 YSL gene specific and 5 QTL linked associations, on four chromosomes. The associations at five loci namely, YSL2 (LOC_Os02g43370), YSL8 (LOC_Os02g02460), YSL13 (LOC_Os04g44300), qFe1.1 and (qZn12.1, qFe12.1) were commonly associated with both grain Fe and Zn content. Hence, these regions may governing grain loading of both Fe and Zn. The R2 (%) values of most of the markers that associated with grain Fe and Zn are ≥15%. suggesting the major role of these loci/genes/QTLs in controlling the respective trait. Thus, these can be regarded as potential sources in the simultaneous development of grain Fe and Zn. Among these genes, the potency of YSL2, YSL8 and YSL13 were proved through transgenic approaches also. Hence, our study has revealed the importance of usage of the knowledge about functionally characterized genes in unravelling the association of highly significant and major genomic loci, while highlighting their functional importance to use in targeted breeding programmes with high veracity

Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

News

Browse

Thesis Type

Type

Author

Date

Subject

Search Results