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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DNA Fingerprinting of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes
    (guntur, 2022-08-23) SHEENA SABATINA, A.; LAL AHAMED, M.
    Thirty elite improved lines of mungbean were characterized morphologically by using PPV&FRA DUS descriptors and studied for genetic variability parameters to know the variability in the studied material. Further, the genotypes were characterized using molecular markers (RAPD, ISSR and SSR) to know diversity and utilizing them in DNA fingerprinting. The DUS descriptors, plant growth habit and plant habit, plant height, petiole colour, stem colour, stem pubescence, leaf vein colour, flower petal colour, pod colour and seed size showed no variation among the genotypes. The genotypes differed significantly for the descriptors like anthocyanin pigmentation, leaflet lobes, leaf shape, colour and size, time of flowering, premature pod colour, pod pubescence, pod position, curvature of mature pod, pod length, seed colour, lustre and shape among the genotypes indicating their utilization in characterization, registration, protection and purity maintenance. In the present study, PCV was more than the GCV for all the ten quantitative characters indicating the presence of environmental influence on character expression. Further, the genetic variability was more for the characters viz., no. of branches/ plant, no. of clusters/ plant, no. of pods/ plant and test weight. High heritability and high genetic advance for characters no. of branches/ plant, no. of clusters/ plant, no. of pods/ plant, test weight and seed yield per hectare indicated the additive gene effects role and exploitation of simple selection for these traits improvement. These genotypes were characterized using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers for DNA Fingerprinting of these genotypes. Nine RAPD and Seven ISSR and 50 SSR primers were used for the characterization while, Six RAPD, five ISSRs and 44 SSR produced scorable with clear and consistent amplification profiles. six RAPD markers produced 27 amplification products with an average of 4.6 fragments per primer. The size of the band varied from 500 bp to 2600. The PIC values ranged from 0.27 (OPN 9) to 0.50 (OPN 10, OPA 9 and OPA 19) with an xiv average of 0.42. The genetic similarity values range was zero to 0.85 indicating the presence of huge genetic diversity at molecular level among the genotypes. The UPGMA dendrogram grouped the thirty genotypes into two clusters. The genotype, LGG 709, formed a separate cluster indicating its divergent nature and utilization in the breeding programmes. The five ISSR primers produced a total of 23 amplified bands with an average of 4.6 fragments per primer, out of which 14 were found polymorphic with an average of 2.8. The size of the band varied from 500 bp to 3000 bp. PIC values ranged from 0.37 (UBC-879) to 0.50 (UBC-848) with an average of 0.43. The genetic similarity values range was zero to 0.27 indicating the presence of low genetic diversity at molecular level among the studied thirty genotypes. The UPGMA dendrogram grouped the thirty genotypes into two clusters. The genotypes, LGG 698 and LGG 709, formed a separate cluster indicating their utilization in the breeding programmes. Among the 44 SSR primers amplified, only nine SSR primers produced polymorphism and produced a total of 236 bands. The size of the bands ranged from 160-200bp. PIC values varied from 0.06 to 0.69 with an average of 0.36. The genetic similarity values range was 0.05 to 0.33. The UPGMA dendrogram grouped the thirty genotypes into two clusters. The genotypes, LGG 696, LGG 697 and LGG 698, formed into a separate cluster indicating their divergent nature from the other genotypes. The simulated DNA Fingerprinting profiles of the genotype, LGG 698, had the unique banding pattern for the primers, CEDG-008 (180bp) and CEDG-015 (180bp), CEDG-056 (180bp), CEDG-092 (180bp), GLLC-108 (180bp), PBALC-13 (180bp), PBALC-217 (180bp) and Vr SSR-014 (200bp) while, bands were absent for the primer CEDG- 068. The genotype, LGG 708, also produced unique profile as two primers, CEDG-056 at 200bp and 160bp and GLLC-108 at 200bp and 180bp, were not amplified indicating the use of these markers for this genotype identification from others. The highly informative primers identified in this study, could be utilized in generating useful molecular descriptors for fingerprinting of mungbean genotypes
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION OF HOMOZYGOUS LINES HAVING BLAST AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT GENES THROUGH MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION IN BLACK RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (guntur, 2022-08-23) NOOR AHMED, SHAIK; SHESHU MADHAV, M.
    North Eastern states of India have rich diversity in rice and black aromatic glutinous rice of Manipur is having commercial importance. Three traditional black rice varieties i.e., Chakhao poireiton, Chakhao amubi and Black chakhao are popular and Chakhao poireiton is under high acreage in North East India. This black rice is a poor yielder and susceptible to major biotic stresses like blast and bacterial leaf blight (BLB). Chakhao poireiton parent was screened phenotypically for blast and for BLB and also genotypically screened using gene specific markers for blast (Pi54, Pi2) and BLB (Xa21, xa13, xa5) genes. Both phenotyping and genotyping results have shown that Chakhao poireiton was having high susceptibility to both blast and BLB and all the five genes were found to be absent. The present investigation was attempted to pyramid BLB and blast genes in to Chakhao poireiton using marker assisted backcross breeding. SM2545 was the donor for blast resistant genes (Pi54, Pi2), while Improved Samba Mahsuri was the donor for bacterial leaf blight genes (Xa21, xa13 and xa5). The validation of parents for the target genes was done by employing RM206 (SSR marker) for Pi54 gene, AP5659-5 marker for Pi2 gene, pTA248 (STS marker) for the gene, Xa21, xa13-promo (functional marker) for xa13 gene and xa5FM marker for xa5 gene and the parents (donor and recurrent) showed polymorphism for selected target markers. Two crosses (Chakhao poireiton × ISM and Chakhao poireiton × SM2545) were attempted. From both the crosses, hybrids were confirmed and from the each cross one hybrid plant was carried forward to generate BC2F2 and BC2F3. At each backcross, foreground selection to identify the plants carrying the target genes and xiii background selection to identify lines with the highest recurrent parent genome. Out of 400 BC2F2 plants screened, eight plants showed heterozygosity for all the five target genes (Pi54, Pi2, Xa21, xa13 and, xa5). Background analysis was done using 106 polymorphic markers in eight plants BC2F2 generation to know the best plant possessing maximum introgression of recurrent parent genome (RPG). Background analysis of lines revealed that six plants had highest RPG of more than 90%. Agro-morphological evaluation was done in 8 BC2F2 plants during kharif 2019-2020 at IIRR, Hyderabad. BC2F2 plants carrying all five genes in heterozygous condition along with maximum RPG were selfed for generate BC2F3 plants. Blast screening of BC2F3 plants showed that the plants 124-1-5 and 121-1-13 were having disease score of „1‟. All the selected BC2F3 plants were screened for BLB and high level of resistance with „1‟ disease score was observed in two plants (124-1-5 and 121-1-13) of 8 plants having all the five genes whereas the remaining plants showed disease score of 2-3. In the present study genotyping in BC3 derived lines resulted that, four lines 124-1-5-1-5, 124-1-5-1-14, 124-1-5-2-4 and 124-1-5-2-5 were having all the five genes, some genes are in heterozygous condition. Among the four BC3 lines, 124-1-5 -1-14 has four genes in homozygous condition and one gene Pi2 is in heterozygous condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MARKER ASSISTED INTROGRESSION OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE QTLs INTO POPULAR HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (2021-10-05) JEEVULA NAIK, B.; LAKSHMI NARAYANA REDDY, V.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is severely constrained by the drought stress. Enhancing the yield under drought condition is indeed a challenging task. However, with the advances in genotyping and phenotyping technologies, many QTLs governing yield under stress have been identified and their introgression into other elite varieties demonstrated to increase the yield under stress conditions. The present study was undertaken to transfer the QTLs for yield under drought stress from the drought tolerant variety DRT1IR64 into two high yielding varieties of Andhra Pradesh i.e., MTU1010 and NLR34449 through marker-assisted backcross breeding. In this investigation, DRT1IR64, an introgressed line of IR64 that harbours three QTLs governing yield under drought viz., qDTY1.1, qDTY2.2 and qDTY4.1 was chosen as donor/male parent while high yielding drought susceptible varieties viz., MTU1010, and NLR34449 were used as recipient parents. For the development of introgressed lines (ILs), MTU1010 and NLR34449 varieties were crossed with DRT1IR64 parent. The resulted F1 plants were twice backcrossed to MTU1010 and NLR34449 to develop BC1F1 and BC2F1 populations followed by selfed to generate BC2F2 plants. Before transferring of these drought QTLs it is mandatory to validate them in the donor and recipient parents for polymorphism. To this end, the three parents viz., DRT1IR64, MTU1010 and NLR34449 were screened with eight flanking markers of the targeted drought QTLs. Among all, RM551 (qDTY4.1) and RM279 (qDTY2.2) markers showed polymorphism in all the three parents. Hence, the SSR markers, RM279 linked to qDTY2.2 and RM551 linked to qDTY4.1 were used as foreground markers for introgression of these drought tolerant QTLs into MTU1010 and NLR34449 varieties. Foreground selection was performed with individual lines of the three backcross generations i.e., BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 using two QTL linked polymorphic markers i.e., RM279 and RM551. This resulted eight and six BC2F2 individuals of NLR34449 and MTU1010 backcross populations were found to have two QTLs (qDTY2.2, and qDTY4.1), respectively. For background selection, a total of 396 molecular markers distributed on all 12 rice chromosomes were screened among the three parents. Out of which, 53 polymorphic markers (13.33%) between DRT1IR64 and MTU1010 and 62 polymorphic markers with 16.6 % polymorphism between DRT1IR64 and NLR34449 were obtained. These polymorphic markers were used to screen backcross populations viz., BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 of MTU1010 and NLR34449 to estimate the recovery of recurrent parent genome. Background selection was performed with BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 individuals lines, which are positive for two QTLs (qDTY2.2, and qDTY4.1) and had similar morphological character to MTU1010 and NLR34449. It was estimated that the recovery of recurrent parent genome content was found to be 83-93 % and 84-92% in the ILs of MTU1010 and NLR34449 backcross populations. The key result of the experiment was that, it was successfully developed BC₂F₂ ILs of eight MTU1010 and six NLR34449 background were having the desired QTLs (qDTY2.2, and qDTY4.1) that showed yield advantage of 1133-2183 kg ha-1 and 2089-3145 kg ha-1over their recipient parents MTU1010 and NLR34449, respectively under moisture stress and with an acceptable yield potential under non-stress. These introgressed lines can have the potential to release as varieties in rainfed ecology after thorough evaluation. Also these ILs can be right away used as donors in existing breeding programme in rice.