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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Agricultural Microbiology × Author: M. UMA SOWJANYA ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF ENDOPHYTIC MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM TO MITIGATE MOISTURE STRESS CONDITIONS IN MAIZE CROP (Zea mays L.)
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-11-08) M. UMA SOWJANYA; N. TRIMURTULU
    Maize is the third most vital crop after the rice and wheat in India but it stands first in the context of potential for highest productivity. Maize has been used for multi purposes, for instance as a food for human, feed for livestock and also used as a raw material in many industries. Drought stress has been reported to cause yield reductions of up to 40% in maize around the world and it was also considered as nutrient exhaustive crop. The quality and yield of crop may change due to the association of endophytic microbes that reside in plants asymptomatically and they were known protect plant from abiotic and biotic stress. The present investigation was aimed to develop an endophytic microbial consortium which is an alternative approach to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers and to mitigate stress conditions in maize without affecting ecosystem. A total of 106 endophytic bacterial morphotypes were isolated from surface sterilized maize plant tissues including roots, stem, leaf and kernels collected from various regions of AP which includes Srikakulam, Vijayanagaram, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, Guntur, Kurnool and Ananthapuram. Among all 36 efficient water stress mitigating and plant growth promoting isolates were selected and screened to 16 effective isolates based on quantitative analysis of plant growth promoting attributes. Significant isolates were identified as genera Gordonia,Microbacterium, Kosakonia, Priestia, Bacillus, Cellulosimicrobium, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Methylorubrum by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Efficient 7 isolates were selected namely Kosakonia radicincitans (NL3E3), Priestia megaterium (PdS3E1), Priestia aryabhattai (PL3E2) Bacillus licheniformis (VaR3E1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LS3E1), Klebsiella pneumonia (LS3E3) and Methylorubrum populi (LL3E1) for compatiability and endophytic colonization studies. Based on the obtained results formulated microbial consortium (MC-4) xxii Bacillus megaterium+ Bacillus licheniformis+ Klebsiella pneumoniae+ Methylorubrum populi was seclected for pot and field experiments. In pot culture experiment microbial consortium inoculated treatments imposed with (75% WHC) water stress T9 (100% RDF) and T8 (75% RDF) were found to excel in many plant and soil chemical properties when compared to un-inoculated control. For instance chlorophyll stability index T9 (138.67%) T8 (133.33%), relative water content T9 (95.20%), organic carbon ccontent was found highest in T5 (0.39%) and T8 (0.38%), available nitrogen in soil was more in T9 (145.61 Kg ha-1) and T8 (141.65 Kg ha-1), available phosphorous was higher in T8 (67.68 Kg ha-1), available potassium is more in T9 (345.86 Kg ha-1). The N, P and K uptake was found significantly higher in T9 with 13.98 g plant-1, 3.38 g plant-1 and 17.29 g plant-1 respectively. Total microbial population in rhizosphere and endosphere was found higher at flowering stage. Total bacterial, fungal and actinomyces were reported highest in T9 with (9.99 Log CFU g-1 of soil), T8 (5.66 Log CFU g-1 of soil) and T9 (4.24 Log CFU g-1 of soil) respectively. At vegetative stage maximum colonization of endophytic bacteria was found in roots followed by stem and least colonization was found in leaves. Contradictory to that at flowering stage maximum endophytic bacterial population was observed in stem followed by roots and leaves. Higher plant biomass was produced by T9 (259.67 g) and grain yield was found highest in T9 (53.56 g) followed by T8 (51.39 g) In field conditions maximum CSI was observed for T9 (138.67%) and highest RWC was recorded in T7 (95.13%). The production of H2O2 was higher in treatments given with lower number of irrigations and so the peroxidase activity. The organic carbon in soil was highest in T7 (0.45%). The available nitrogen in soil was more in T9 (225.29 kg ha-1) and T8 (209.09 kg ha-1), available phosphorous was higher in T9 (70.34 kg ha-1) and T8 (69.92 kg ha-1), available potassium is more in T9 (390.62 kg ha-1), T8 (360.59 kg ha-1). The N, P and K uptake was found significantly higher in T8 (690.03 Kg ha-1), T9 (182.45 Kg ha-1) and T9 (425.61 Kg ha-1) respectively. Total microbial population was found highest at flowering stage and the endophytic microbial population was found highest in root endosphere followed by stem, leaf and kernels. Significantly higher dehydrogenase activity was found in T9 (58.90 μg of TPF g-1 of soil day-1) at flowering stage and maximum phosphatasee activity was found in T8 (94.97 μg pNP g-1 of soil h-1). At flowering stage T9 (24054 Kg ha-1) and T8 (22332 Kg ha-1) were found to produce significantly higher amount of plant biomass. Significantly more yields were obtained in T6 (7963 Kg ha-1) followed by T9 (7644 Kg ha-1). Considerably higher net returns were obtained for T6: 5 Irrigations + 100 % RDF + MC (Rs. 113717/- ha-1) followed by T9:7 Irrigations + 100 % RDF + MC (Rs. 106325/- ha-1) and T8:7 Irrigations + 75 % RDF + MC (Rs. 102539/- ha-1). Thus the current study suggested that significant net returns can be obtained even under water deficit conditions when inoculated with endophytic microbial consortium (Bacillus megaterium+ Bacillus licheniformis+ Klebsiella pneumoniae+ Methylorubrum populi) by improved plant growth and yields due to enhanced osmotolerance and mineralization of nutrients. Nearly 120 mm of water (2 irrigations) and 25% of RDF can be minimized for crop production without affecting yield and net returns.