Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Open Access
CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE GENOTYPES FOR MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND QUALITY TRAITS
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-12-02) KOLLA PRIYANKA; B. KRISHNA VENI
The present investigation was carried out during kharif, 2020 at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla with 30 genotypes to elicit information on the nature and extent of variability, heritability, genetic advance as per cent mean for morphological, physiological and quality traits; association among yield, yield components, physiological and quality traits; direct and indirect effects of morphological, physiological and quality traits on grain yield and to evaluate the molecular diversity among 30 rice genotypes using SSR markers. The analysis of variance for morphological, physiological and quality traits revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters under study indicating the existence of sufficient variation among the genotypes studied. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation for all the characters under study were high than the genotypic coefficient of variation and the variation is less between these two estimates indicating meager influence of environment on the expression of these traits. The results of genetic parameters among morphological, physiological and quality traits revealed high GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent mean for grain yield per plant, volume expansion ratio among yield and quality traits whereas, LAI at tillering; net assimilation rate; root dry matter at harvesting; stem dry matter at tillering, panicle initiation and flowering stage; leaf dry matter and panicle dry matter at all phenophases and total dry matter at tillering and panicle initiation stages among physiological traits indicating the pre-ponderance of additive gene action and therefore, there is an ample scope for the improvement of these traits through selection. The perusal of results on character association between yield, yield components, quality and physiological parameters revealed positive and significant association of grain yield per plant with root length at harvesting and harvest index at both phenotypic and genotypic levels; test weight, relative water content at 30 DAT and relative water content at 60 DAT at genotypic level indicating an increase in grain xv yield with improvement of these characters. Hence, priority should be given to these traits while making selection for grain yield improvement. The results on path analysis revealed positive and significant association of relative water content at 30 DAT, 60 DAT and root dry matter at harvesting with grain yield per plant in addition to high and positive direct effects on grain yield per plant indicating the effectiveness of direct selection for these traits would result in improvement of grain yield per plant. The molecular diversity studies of 30 genotypes using 19 SSR markers revealed that out 19 markers, 13 markers showed polymorphism. Among 13 polymorphic markers, the marker RM219 exhibited highest PIC value of 0.78 followed by RM431 (0.64) and RM60 (0.62). The marker RM279 produced maximum of four alleles whereas, the marker RM431 recorded maximum number of effective alleles, high Shannon‟s information index and high genetic diversity index. High PIC markers are more informative and can effectively distinguish the genotypes. The results of cluster analysis by using UPGMA method revealed that all the 30 genotypes were grouped into two major clusters. Cluster I was the largest cluster which was further separated into two clusters IA with nine genotypes and IB with 14 genotypes whereas, cluster II comprised of seven genotypes. Out of seven markers that were associated with the reported QTLs for different traits, only three markers RM228, RM240 and RM430 were found to be associated with spikelet fertility percentage, harvest index and test weight & grain yield per plant respectively in the present study. Hence, these markers may be utilised as linked markers in marker assisted selection.
Open Access
CLIMATE RISK LITERACY AMONG THE CHILLI GROWERS OF PRAKASAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-12-02) T. SAMYUKTHA; M. SRINIVASA RAO
Climate risk is one of the major worldwide ecological issues affecting agriculture. Agriculture and horticultural crops were damaged to a greater extent due to these climate risks. Chilli is largely produced in India and Andhra Pradesh. Chilli growers in Prakasam were affected due to climate risks like heavy rains, flash floods, cyclones and droughts. Chilli growers were facing lot of problems like pest infestation, viral diseases on crop, crop damage, failure of crop and price variations of chilli in the market due to climate risks. Most of the chilli growers struggle to comprehend various aspects of climate and lacks a proper insight into the causes of climate risks and their potential future ramifications. They must have adequate knowledge and perception of climate risks in order to ensure sustainable production of chilli crop. Climate risk literacy referred as knowledge about climate risk, their causes and possible ways to deal with them. Climate risk literacy of the chilli growers‟ should be improved in order to increase awareness among them and reduce these climate risks to assure food security and water security. The research analyzed the profile characteristics, level of use of various sources of information on climate risk, climate risk literacy and perception of chilli growers on climate risk and relationship between profile characteristics with the climate risk literacy and perception by the chilli growers. The study was conducted in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh during 2021-22 using Ex-Post Facto research design. Two mandals viz., Dornala and Inkollu were purposively selected. Two villages were selected from each mandal using simple random sampling procedure and thus making a total of four villages. From each selected village, 10 farm households with male, female and offspring involved in cultivating chilli crop were selected purposively and thus, a total of 40 farm households (male, female and offspring) were sampled for the study. Hence, from each village total 30 respondents (male, female and offspring) were selected and thus making total of 120 respondents. xiv For the purpose of statistical analysis of the coded data, various statistical tools were used viz., arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, correlation, multiple linear regression and Friedman test. More than three fifth of the male respondents belonged to middle age (62.50%), three fifth of the female respondents were middle aged (60.00%) and more than four-fifth (87.50%) of offspring respondents belonged to young age. More than one-third (35.00%) of the male respondents had high school education, more than one-fourth of female respondents had primary school (30.00%) education, whereas nearly one third (32.50%) of the offspring respondents had intermediate education. Nearly three fifth of the male respondents had medium farming experience (57.50%), followed by female (55.00%) and offspring (50.00%). Half of each of the male and female respondents had medium annual income (50.00%) and more than two fifth (42.50%) of offspring respondents had medium level of annual income. More than two third of the male respondents had medium (67.50%) risk orientation, nearly three fifth of the female and more than three fifth of offspring respondents had medium (57.50% and 62.50%) risk orientation respectively. More than one third of each of the male and female respondents were small farmers (35.00%) and less than half (45.00%) of offspring respondents were small farmers. Less than two-third of each of the male and female respondents had medium (62.50%) farm power and machinery and less than three fifth of offspring respondents had medium (57.50%) farm power and machinery. More than two third of the male chilli growers had medium (67.50%) level of sources of agricultural information. Nearly two third (65.00%) of female had medium level of sources of agricultural information. More than two third of offspring respondents had medium (70.00%) level of sources of agricultural information. More than half of the male and female respondents had medium (60.00% and 57.50%) mass media exposure respectively and more than two third of offspring respondents had medium (67.50%) mass media exposure. Less than three-fourth of the male respondents had medium (72.50%) extension contact, more than half of the female and offspring respondents had medium (62.50% and 67.50%) extension contact respectively. More than half of the male and female respondents had medium (67.50% and 62.50%) economic motivation respectively. Nearly three fourth of the offspring respondents had medium (72.50%) economic motivation. Friedman test statistics proven significant different between the three groups of male, female and offspring chilli growers in age, education, farming experience, sources of agricultural information, mass media exposure and extension contact. More than three fifth (67.50% and 65.00%) of male and female respondents had medium level of use of sources of information on climate risk and less than three fourth (70.00%) of offspring respondents had medium level of use of sources of information on climate risk. Among all the different sources of information, higher percentage of male and female chilli growers were always using the information from friends (92.50% and 95.00%), followed by T.V/Film (90.00% and 92.50%), neighbours (87.50% and 85.00%), salesman/dealers (75.00% and 30.00%). In case of offspring chilli growers, three fourth (75.00%) of them were always using the information from friends, followed by salesman/dealers (70.00%), T.V/Film (62.50%), progressive farmers (55.00%), neighbours (52.50%). Friedman test proven xv significant difference between the male, female and offspring in level of use of various sources of information on climate risk. More than three fifth (62.50%) of the male respondents had moderate level of knowledge on climate risk. More than half of the female and offspring respondents had moderate (55.00% and 57.50%) level of knowledge on climate risk. Cent per cent of the male chilli growers had correct knowledge on damages caused to chilli crop by floods, followed by 97.50 per cent of them had correct knowledge on causes for climate risk, sources of weather information and claiming of crop insurance. 97.50 per cent of the female chilli growers had correct knowledge on damages caused to chilli crop by floods and sources of weather information, 95.00 per cent of the female chilli growers had correct knowledge on claiming of crop insurance. Cent per cent of the offspring chilli growers had correct knowledge on causes for climate risk, sources of weather information and damages caused to chilli crop by floods. Friedman test proven significant difference between the male, female and offspring in extent of knowledge of chilli growers about climate risk. Nearly two third (65.00%) of the male and three fifth (60.00%) of the female respondents had medium level of perception on climate risk and less than three fourth (70.00%) of the offspring respondents had medium level of perception on climate risk. Majority (90.00%) of the male chilli growers had strongly agreed with statement on uneven distribution of rainfall leads to damage of chilli crop, followed by high temperatures results in premature flower and fruit drop (87.50%), climatic aberrations are leading to increase in number of farmers‟ suicides (85.00%). Majority (92.50%) of the female chilli growers had strongly agreed with statement on climate risk increases weed problems in chilli crop, followed by uneven distribution of rainfall leads to damage of chilli crop and climatic aberrations are leading to increase in number of farmers‟ suicides (87.50%). Majority (92.50%) of the offspring chilli growers had strongly agreed with statement on uneven distribution of rainfall leads to damage of chilli crop, followed by elevated temperatures results in occurrence of diseases and increase in poverty among the farm families is the result of climate risk (90.00%). Friedman test proven that no significant difference among the male, female and offspring in extent of perception of chilli growers about climate risk. Out of eleven selected profile characteristics of chilli growers, nine characteristics of chilli growers such as education, farming experience, annual income, risk orientation, farm power and machinery, sources of agricultural information, extension contact, economic motivation and mass media exposure revealed positively significant relation with the extent of knowledge of chilli growers about climate risk. But age and farm size did not show any significant relationship with the extent of knowledge of chilli growers about climate risk. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the selected profile characteristics put together explained 63.10 per cent of variance in the extent of knowledge and remaining (36.90%) was due to the extraneous effect in unidentified profile characteristics. The profile characteristics viz., education, risk orientation, annual income and extension contact were positive and significant at 1% level of probability. The other variables namely age, farming experience, farm size, farm power and machinery, sources of agricultural information, mass media exposure and economic motivation were non--significant. xvi Out of eleven selected profile characteristics of chilli growers, eight characteristics of chilli growers such as education, farming experience, risk orientation, farm power and machinery, sources of agricultural information, extension contact, economic motivation and mass media exposure revealed positively significant relation with the extent of perception of chilli growers about climate risk. But age, annual income and farm size did not show any significant relationship with the extent of perception of chilli growers about climate risk. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the selected profile characteristics put together explained 62.20 per cent of variance in the extent of perception and remaining (37.80%) was due to the extraneous effect in unidentified profile characteristics. The profile characteristics viz., risk orientation and sources of agricultural information were found to have positive and significant at 1% level of probability. The profile characteristics viz., age and economic motivation were found to have positive and significant at 5% level of probability. The profile characteristic namely farming experience was found to be negative and significant at 5% level of probability. The other variables namely education, annual income, farm size, farm power and machinery, mass media exposure and extension contact were non--significant with the extent of perception of chilli growers about climate risk.
Open Access
RYTHU BHAROSA KENDRAS (RBKs) IN SERVICE OF FARMERS –
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-12-02) MD. SAIFUDDIN; M. Rama Devy
Rythu Bharosa Kendram (RBK) is one stop shop for supply of government certified agri inputs (seeds, fertilizers and pesticides), animal Husbandry & fisheries inputs to the farmers at village level and has an attached workshop / knowledge centre for giving scientific agri advisories to the farmers and it is integrated with a call centre. RBKs – agro advisory boards were established at state level, district level, Mandal level and RBK level for better crop planning and marketing of agricultural produce based on agro - climatic situations at village level. Hence, there is a need to study the extent of effectiveness and constraints in utilisation of RBK services by the farmers. Research entitled “Rythu Bharosa Kendras in service of farmers – An Exploratory study” was undertaken to study the profile of beneficiary farmers of RBK, knowledge of farmers about the services rendered by RBKs, attitude of farmers towards functioning of RBKs, perceived effectiveness of services rendered by RBKs to the farmers, constraints faced by the farmers and enlist the suggestions for effective utilization of RBK services. The final outcome of the study helps the policy makers, functionaries to formulate suitable policies to reform and redesigning the structure of the RBKs. The study was conducted in East Godavari district during 2021-2022 using Exploratory research design with 120 respondents. Out of 62 mandals in East Godavari district, 4 mandals were selected purposively where highest number of RBKs were existing. From each selected mandal, 3 villages were selected. 10 farmers were selected from each village, thus making a total of 120 farmers. Primary data was collected by preparing interview schedule and the data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as Standard Normal Deviate Test. The profile of the beneficiary farmers revealed that majority of the farmers were middle aged, educated upto primary school, had 11-20 years of farming experience, belonged to marginal land holding, followed paddy+ paddy cropping pattern, medium xiii level of annual income, medium extension contact, medium mass media utilization and received 1 to 2 trainings. Majority of the farmers had medium level of knowledge regarding services rendered by RBKs. Most of the farmers had high knowledge on aspects like cost of e-crop booking and crop insurance and year of RBK started in their village. Majority of the farmers had moderately favourable attitude towards functioning of RBKs. Most of the farmers had favourable attitude on items like all sections of farming community are equally benefitted by RBKs and regular diagnostic visits to farmer fields is possible due to establishment of RBKs. Majority of the farmers perceived that services rendered by RBKs were moderately effective. Services like organisation of polambadi/thotabadi/pasuvigyanbadi by technical staff of RBKs and maintenance of digital kiosk for booking inputs at RBKs perceived as highly effective by the farmers. Constraints faced by farmers for utilization of services of RBKs were late payments to the farmers for marketed produce, followed by inputs are not provided on credit basis, non-availability of information on crop loan eligibility from bank mitra/representative at RBK. Suggestions given by farmers for effective utilization of services of RBKs were money disbursement for the marketed produce to be made earliest possible date, followed by Government should provide inputs on credit basis by linking Paddy Procurement Center (PPC) at RBK, availability of pesticides in sufficient quantities.
Open Access
COPING BEHAVIOUR OF FARMERS IN AGRICULTURE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SRIKAKULAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, 2023-12-02) B. SRIKANYA; V. JYOTHI
Risks from COVID-19 pandemic had put up new challenges in agricultural sector that was already under threat. The lockdown created shortage of labor and equipment. Consequently, farmers were not able to harvest their crops. In some places the crops were abandoned, while in others the harvesting took late with limited and more labour expense. The current study was taken up to understand how farmers managed during pandemic and their coping strategies to overcome stress caused due to COVID-19 pandemic. An Ex-Post Facto research design was followed. The study was conducted in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh state during 2021-2022. Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh was selected, out of 3 revenue divisions (Srikakulam, Palakonda, Tekkali) in Srikakulam district, one mandal was randomly choosen from each revenue division. Three mandals viz., Amadalavalasa, Santhakaviti, Tekkali were selected randomly from each of the selected mandal, four villages were selected and from each of the selected village 10 respondents were selected using simple random sampling procedure. Thus, 120 farmers constituted as sample for the study. Data was collected by pre-tested schedule followed by personal interview method. For the purpose of statistical analysis of the coded data, appropriate statistical tools were used viz., descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, multiple linear regression, paired t-test. The detailed analysis of profile characteristics of farmers indicated that more than half of the farmers belonged to middle age (54.17%), with middle school education (24.17%), having nuclear family (80.00%), small family size (60.00%), small (45.00%) land holdings, low farming experience (39.17%), occupation was agriculture (54.17%), xii cropping pattern practiced was Rice+ Black gram+ Green gram (41.67%), medium annual income (60.83%), source of credit was crop loans from Nationalized Banks (94.16%), medium (71.66%) extension contact, medium (81.67%) mass media exposure, medium (65.83%) risk orientation, medium (64.16%) market orientation. More than half of the farmers were happy (54.17%) before COVID-19. While during COVID-19 less than two-third of the farmers were unhappy (62.50%). During COVID-19 great majority of farmers expressed difficulty in selling crop produce in the market (97.50%), followed by difficult to access farm machinery and delayed harvest (95.83%), difficult to get adequate labour (95.00%), aggravated the existing problems in agriculture (92.50%), increased labour wages (90.00%). More than one-third of the farmers had medium coping behaviour (39.17%), followed by low (31.67%), high (20.83%), very low (5.83%) and very high (2.50%) coping behaviour. Best coping practices followed by farmers during COVID-19 pandemic were family farming, deployment of fellow farmers for performing agricultural operations, selling crop produce through informal sector, use of social media & WhatsApp groups for agro advisories, approached non-institutional credit sources, reduced the use of inputs. Out of fourteen selected profile characteristics, seven of them such as age, education, family type, farming experience, risk orientation had positive and highly significant relationship with the coping behaviour of farmers at one per level. Family size and mass media exposure had positive and significant relationship with the coping behaviour of farmers at five per cent level. But land holding, source of credit, market orientation showed positive and non- significant relationship with the coping behaviour of farmers. while occupation, cropping pattern, annual income, extension contact showed negative and non- significant relationship with the coping behaviour of farmers. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the fourteen selected profile characteristics put together explained 76.40 per cent of the total variation in the coping behaviour of farmers. Remaining 23.60 per cent is due to extraneous effect characteristics. Among the fourteen variables age, source of credit and risk orientation showed significant and positive effect on the coping behaviour.
Open Access
A STUDY ON INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS OESlGNS OF KRlSHl VIGYAN KENDRAS (KVKs) IN ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1998) SAILAJA, VENNA; PADMA VENI, C
A STUDY ON INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS OESlGNS OF KRlSHl VIGYAN KENDRAS (KVKs) IN ANDHRA PRADESH
Open Access
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF TRAINING PROGRAMME CONDUCTED AT AGRICULTURAL MARKET COMMITTEES AS A FOLLOW - UP ACTIVITY OF KRASHAKA VIGNANA VEDIKA IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1998) HUSSAIN REDDY, POLU BALA; RAMACHANDRA REDDY, D
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF TRAINING PROGRAMME CONDUCTED AT AGRICULTURAL MARKET COMMITTEES AS A FOLLOW - UP ACTIVITY OF KRASHAKA VIGNANA VEDIKA IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Open Access
A STUDY ON THE MANAGERIAL ATTRIBUTES OF SERICULTURE FARMERS IN RELATION TO THEIR SERlCULTURE FARMING PERFORMAW CE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1997) DAYANIDHI, M; RAMACHANDRA REDDY, D
A STUDY ON THE MANAGERIAL ATTRIBUTES OF SERICULTURE FARMERS IN RELATION TO THEIR SERlCULTURE FARMING PERFORMAW CE IN ANANTAPUR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Open Access
A STUDY ON KARSHAKA VIGNANA VEDIKA (KVV) IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1997) CHANDRA MOHAN CHOWDARY, GURRAM; RAMACHANDRA REDDY, D
A STUDY ON KARSHAKA VIGNANA VEDIKA (KVV) IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Open Access
ROLE OF PERCEPTION AND ROLE PERFORMANCE OF MlTRA KlSANS IN NATIONAL WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FOR RAINFED AREAS (NWDPRA) IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
(Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 1996) PADMAVATHI, MITNALA; MUNI KRISHNA REDDY, M
ROLE OF PERCEPTION AND ROLE PERFORMANCE OF MlTRA KlSANS IN NATIONAL WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FOR RAINFED AREAS (NWDPRA) IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH

Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

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