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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2016 - 20192
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Subject: Agricultural Extension × Author: MEENA, D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON IMPACT OF WATER USERS ASSOCIATIONS IN KRISHNA DELTA OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2019) MEENA, D; MUKUNDA RAO, B
    The shortage of water has raised due to the unbalances between the precipitation distribution and population and improper management practices. This situation has resulted in the need of the collective efforts of the farmers, intellectuals and other stakeholders to ensure store and distribute the water as efficiently as lead to the sustainable development in both agricultural and industrial sectors, these call for participatory approaches. So the government of Andhra Pradesh has introduced the participatory irrigation management as ―The Andhra Pradesh Farmers Management of Irrigation Systems (APFMIS) Act‖ in 1997. The legal framework created out of the APFMIS Act resulted in creation of farmers‘ organizations at different levels of irrigation system like Water User Associations (WUA), Distributory Committee (DC) and Project Committee (PC). The main role of Water Users Associations is to regulate and distribute water within its command area. A study on Impact of Water Users Association in Krishna delta of Andhra Pradesh was carried out during 2016 by selecting 240 respondents from Krishna delta region on proportionate random basis for the study. The dependent variables considered were opinion, direct and indirect changes. The Ex-post facto research design was followed to conduct the study and the data was collected using pre-tested schedule then followed by interview schedule. For the purpose of statistical analysis appropriate statistical tools were used and interpreted the data. The profile of the respondents revealed that majority of the respondents were middle aged, educated up to high school, having 4-10ha of land holding, medium in extension contact, high social participation and trained. Majority of the respondents were medium in perceived workload, information and communication behaviour, depends on WUA members, friends, irrigation officials and mobile phones for getting information regarding WUAs. Coming to psychological characteristics majority of the respondents were under medium level of decision making, innovativeness, risk orientation, achievement motivation, management orientation and high level of economic orientation. xxi The major functions performed by the Project Committee, Distributory Committee and Water Users Associations were maintain an inventory of irrigation system, resolve disputes, organization of meetings, water budgeting, social audit, preparation and implementation of warabandhi schedule, monitoring the flow of irrigation. The opinion scale was constructed with 22 statements by using summated rating scale developed by Likert. Majority of the respondents were having favourable opinion towards WUAs. Majority of the respondents had strong favourable opinion towards performance of WUAs in terms of increased crop yield, helps in restoring the confidence of farmers in the irrigation system and there was a need for conducting technical training programmes, particularly on efficient and effective water application practices and their impacts on environment. The study also focused on the impact of water users associations in Krishna delta in terms of direct and indirect changes. Majority of the respondents had medium level of direct changes. Availability of sufficient irrigation, water during crop growth period, creation of employment, implementation of warabandhi system, rehabilitation of water courses, equidistribution of irrigation water among head, middle and tail-end farmers, reduction of conflicts among farmers, maintaining good relations with irrigation and revenue officials, practicing avenue plantation along the bunds of the canals, enhancement of yields of paddy, sugarcane, turmeric, maize and pulses, magnification of average income, introduction of less water use rice production technologies like Direct Sown Rice (DSR) were the major direct changes as perceived by the farmers due to implementation of WUAs. The study revealed a detailed analysis on indirect changes were majority of them had medium level of indirect changes. Mechanization, increased wage rates, enhancement of land values, positive change in attitude, improved land use pattern, increased knowledge on water use efficiency, less water theft, change in knowledge, increased credit needs, increased fish/aquaculture, change in social life, improved communication behaviour and increased personal empowerment, enhancement of availability of water, autonomy in decision making, conjunctive use of canal water, ground water and drain water, change in skill, decrease in migration of farmers and development of self respect. The chi square tests revealed that variables such as social participation, perceived workload, information and communication behaviour, cropping pattern, decision making, achievement motivation and management orientation showed significant association with the opinion of the respondents. In case of direct changes the variables such as source of information, information and communication behaviour, cropping pattern, decision making and innovativeness showed significant association with the direct changes. Regarding indirect changes the variables such as social participation, source of information, information and communication behaviour, cropping pattern, decision making, innovativeness, achievement motivation and management orientation showed significant association with the indirect changes. The major strengths of WUAs as expressed by the respondents were involvement of water users associations; good support from the irrigation department officials; sufficient water is available during crop season; increased crop yields. Regarding weaknesses as perceived by the respondents were expressed were allocation of insufficient funds; inadequate training facilities; inadequate maintenance of drains; xxii poor quality of works. The possible opportunities for the WUAs as perceived by the respondents were empowerment of farmers to manage irrigation system; facilitates the effective implementation of warabandhi schedule; resolution of disputes among farmers. The major challenges faced by WUAs as perceived by the respondents were management of aquatic weeds; equal distribution of water among head middle and tailend areas; improving the drainage networks. The prime strengths of WUAs as perceived by the irrigation officials were involvement of WUAs in water management; good support from irrigation department official; improved the efficiency and performance of irrigation systems; sufficient water is available during crop season; increase in social relations among farmers. The major weaknesses as perceived by the irrigation officials were allocation of insufficient funds; non involvement of members of WUA in management of water users associations; inadequate maintenance of drains. The opportunities as perceived by the irrigation officials were WUAs facilitates the effective implementation of warabandhi schedule; improved decision making based on local knowledge; empowerment of farmers to manage irrigation system. The major challenges faced by WUAs as perceived by the irrigation officials were improving the drainage networks; equal distribution of water among head middle and tail-end areas; weak institutional set up; development of friendly relationship among water users associations; Finally the hypothetical strategies were developed for the sustainability of water users associations based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges (SWOC) perceptions in which Garrett ranking technique was followed for SWOC and other results obtained from the study. The government should release sufficient funds timely, regular monitoring should be done during construction of works, to motivate all the members by conducting more trainings and meetings, institutional set up for irrigation department, WUAs should get their share of funds from water tax collected by revenue department and irrigation officials should take proper action to enhance the strengths and opportunities and to resolve the weaknesses and challenges of water users associations. The suggestions offered through the study, if followed, there would be possibility of improving the efficiency of water users associations and thereby socioeconomic conditions of farmers of Krishna delta of Andhra Pradesh.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF FARMERS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION PROGRAMMES IN KRISHNA DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2016) MEENA, D; SIVANARAYANA, G
    Agricultural Extension Programmes, their main objective is to transmit latest technical know-how to farmers. Agricultural Extension Programmes also focuses on enhancing farmer’s knowledge about crop techniques and helping them to increase crop productivity. This is done through training programmes, farm visits, demonstrations etc. The government has launched many subsidy programmes to improve the agricultural productivity in the country concentrating on increasing agricultural production and productivity, soil fertility, improve the reach of farm mechanization to small and marginal farmers, etc. The subsidy is usually given to remove some burden and is often considered to be in the interest of the people. Incentives and subsidies are considered to be the more powerful instrument for accelerating the growth of the agricultural production. These programmes play a vital role in facilitating development of indigenous production capabilities and in turn ensuring the required low cost food supplies on a sustained basis. An ex-post facto research design was followed to study the knowledge and attitude of farmers about the Agricultural Extension Programmes in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. Mainly three programmes which had more number of the beneficiaries were taken for the study viz., Farm Mechanization, National Food Security Mission (pulses) and Soil Testing Programme. The present study was carried out during the year 2015-16. Three mandals which had more number of beneficiaries were selected purposively from the district. From each mandal four villages were selected where all the three programmes were implemented. Ten beneficiaries were selected randomly from each selected village thus making a total of 120 beneficiaries. Data was collected by pre-tested schedule followed by personal interview method. For the purpose of statistical analysis of the coded data various statistical tools were used viz., Arithmetic Mean, Standard Deviation, Frequency & Percentage, Correlation, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The detailed analysis of profile of the beneficiaries indicated that majority of the beneficiaries were middle age (35.00%), with high school level (24.17%) education, semi- medium (35.00%) land holding, 40.83 per cent with 21-30 years of farming experience, medium level of extension contact (73.34%), social participation (49.17%), socio-economic status (68.34%), mass media exposure (72.50%), received 1-2 trainings (43.33%), with medium scientific orientation (75.84%), risk orientation (75.00%) and innovativeness (71.68%) respectively. The detailed analysis of dependent variables indicated that majority of the beneficiaries had medium level of knowledge (70.00%) and favourable attitude (67.50%) towards Agricultural Extension Programmes. Out of twelve selected independent variables eight of them viz., age, farming experience, extension contact, social participation, socio-economic status, mass media exposure, training received and scientific orientation showed significant relationship with knowledge of the beneficiaries. Out of twelve selected independent variables seven of them viz., age, farming experience, extension contact, socio-economic status, mass media exposure, training received and scientific orientation showed significant relationship with the attitude of the beneficiaries. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the twelve selected independent variables put together contributed 81.40 per cent of variation in the knowledge level of the beneficiaries about Agricultural Extension Programmes leaving the rest (18.60%) for extraneous effect of variables. The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the twelve selected independent variables put together contributed 65.90 per cent of variation in the attitude of the beneficiaries about Agricultural Extension Programmes leaving the rest (34.10%) for extraneous effect of variables. The most important constraints encountered by the beneficiaries were inferior quality of inputs supplied under subsidy, followed by actual cost of subsidized implements was more compared to dealers price, beneficiaries face the unavailability of inputs at the time of peak season, , provision of subsidies on caste basis, delay in supply of soil sample reports, insufficient training programmes non-availability of spare parts/ repairs for the implements supplied, difficulty in following soil test-based recommendations. The suggestions given by the beneficiaries for effective use of the programmes were improve the quality of inputs, conducting training programmes at farmer’s convenient time, providing soil sample reports on time, equal subsidy rate for all category farmers, availability of spare parts and repair works for the implements, providing irrigation facilities, providing new and required implements and more training programmes on soil health management.