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Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur (AP)

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Subject: Agricultural Engineering × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MODELLING THE IMPACT OF SALINE AND WATERLOGGED AREAS IN KRISHNA CENTRAL DELTA
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2016) INDRAJA, P; HEMA KUMAR, H. V.
    Land, a non-renewable resource, is central to all primary production system. It is estimated that some forms of land degradation constituting 75% of the earth's usable landmass affect 4 billion people in the world. About 15% of the world population is effected by land degradation which is likely to worsen unless adequate and immediate measures are taken to arrest the degradation processes. Mostly land is affected by wind and water erosion, which is about 80% of land degradation followed by salinization/alkalization and waterlogging. Krishna delta irrigates an ayacut of 5.14 lakh ha covering West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur and Prakasam districts of Andhra Pradesh. Eastern main canal’s command area is about 2.948 lakh ha in Krishna and West Godavari Districts. Krishna Central Delta is a part of Krishna Eastern Delta that constitutes the command area of Bandar canal. During monsoon, these lands are affected by waterlogging and salinity problems. Hence it is felt appropriate to study Krishna Central Delta with a special focus to identify the waterlogged and saline lands for reclamation by either drainage system or addition of amendments like gypsum etc. Under the aforesaid valid and farmers’ felt research needs, the present post graduate research work entitled “Modelling the impact of saline and waterlogged areas in Krishna Central Delta” is proposed to i) to estimate the extent of land under waterlogging and salinity in Krishna Central Delta. ii) to simulate the effect of waterlogging and salinity on crop yield using a model with various hypothetic scenarios. iii) to design location specific drainage parameters for combating waterlogging and salinity. Krishna Central Delta which is a part of Krishna Eastern Delta constitutes the command area of Bandar canal which has an irrigated ayacut of 274834.09 acres (111223.83 ha) in Krishna district. In this study Landsat 8 images and Sentinel-2A images were used and analyzed using ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 and ArcGIS 10.1 software's. From the literature, different salinity indices were selected to find out the best suited index for the study area. Salinity indices used to find the salt affected soils using GIS. Details of ground water quality parameters which were analyzed from the water samples collected from the observation wells located in the Krishna Central Delta were collected from Ground water Department, Vijayawada. Initially for the identified problematic patches, the input parameters some directly measured, some indirectly were assessed and fed into 'SALTMOD' model. Without the presence of any drainage systems, simulation for first, fourth, sixth and tenth year for depth of ground water table and root zone salinity was carried out and the output parameters were fed into AquaCrop model along with other crop, climate, irrigation requirement and other related parameters to predict the yields. WaSiM, Water balance Simulation Model is a physically based, distributed hydrologic model that runs on a regular grid and uses a modular system of sub-models to offer the possibility of creating a problem and scale adequate setup. Drain space, one of the modules of WaSim was used for sub surface drainage design. Based on the research work carried out, the major conclusions drawn are i) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was found to range from 0.72 to - 0.92 in Krishna Central Delta (KCD) region. In KCD region, Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) was found the best suitable and it ranged from -0.714 to 0.185 and best correlated with ground truth values. Soil salinity was characterized into five classes and it was found that highest area was under moderately saline with an area of 68754.01 ha followed by strongly saline, slightly saline, non saline and very strongly saline. ii) Spatial analysis of water table data revealed that most critically waterlogged zone was found in post monsoon covering an area of 597.65 km2 which was about 26.27% of the total study area. It was found that critically waterlogged area increased from 620.12 km2 (27.25%) in pre monsoon period to 1074.02 km2 (47.2%) in post monsoon period. The area under less critically waterlogged was found to be decreased from 704.49 km2 (30.95%) in pre monsoon to 163.06 km2 (7.16%) in post monsoon period. iii) Soil salinity was predicted for future ten years using SALTMOD and corresponding yield were predicted using Aquacrop. With increase of soil salinity from 0.5 dS m-1 to 6.5 dS m-1 there was about 42.28% reduction in the crop yield and 36.69% reduction in biomass yield. iv) Using 'Drain Space', a module of WaSim software, by using the Hooghoudts equation under steady state condition, the drain spacing for shallow drain depth placement of 0.6 m, 0.7 m and 0.8 m the spacing was arrived as 9.5, 16.6, 22.36 m. For deeper drain depth placements of 0.95, 1.0 and 1.15 m, the drain spacing was arrived as 30, 32.4 and 38.81 m respectively for a constant desired depth of water table as 0.5 m to make the root zone free from waterlogging.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FERTIGATION EQUIPMENT ON CHILLIES AND MAIZE CROPS IN SANDY SOIL
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2016) GOWTHAM SINGH, B; RAVI BABU, G
    Soluble chemical fertilizers can be injected into the drip and sprinkler systems which can be easily applied to the crop. This way nutrients are delivered with the irrigation water, directly to the active root zone of the plants. The two operations namely, irrigation and fertilizer applications are done simultaneously which results savings of both in water and fertilizers along with labour requirement. Precise management of irrigation quantity along with the rate and timing of nutrient application are of critical importance to obtain desired results in terms of productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency. Therefore, for injection of the fertilizer solution into the irrigation system three different fertigation equipments were used namely, venturi injector, fertilizer injection pump and fertilizer tank for the present study. The fertilizer injection pumps needs no external power supply, since the linear hydraulic motor contained within the unit, is powered by the hydraulic pressure of the irrigation system and directly connected to main line. A venturi injector with the size of ¾th inch manufactured by Netafim irrigation systems was used to evaluate the hydraulic performance. The pressure drop through a venturi must be sufficient to create a negative pressure (vacuum) as measured relative to atmospheric pressure. Under these conditions the fluid from the tank will flow into the injector. In fertilizer tank the water will flow because of pressure gradient between the entrance and exit of the fertilizer tank created by a pressure reducing valve (Throttle valve). The experimental field with an area of 453 m2 for chillies crop and 440 m2 for maize crop was selected at field irrigation laboratory, Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla. The field was divided into 4 main plots with 4.8 m × 20.4 m with plant spacing of 0.6 m x 0.6 m size for chillies and ii 4.6 m × 20.6 m size for maize crop with plant spacing of 0.6 m x 0.2 m to conduct experiments. Different fertigation equipments like venturi injector, fertilizer injection pump and fertilizer tank were tested to study the hydraulic performance of the system. Venturi injector for fertilizer application was found to have high suction rate in comparison with fertilizer injection pump when pressure gradient increased between inlet and outlet. The percentage decrease in motive flow rate for venturi injector was 76 % which was higher than that of fertilizer injection pump 12 % and fertilizer tank 51 % for the pressure difference from 0.1 to 0.5 kg cm-2. Due to the high motive flow rate the venturi injector is suitable for application with large number of drippers where as fertilizer injection pump recorded less motive flow rate when compared to venturi injector at same pressure difference so we can use fertilizer injection pumps for smaller discharge rates also. The results revealed that the yield response was observed to be the best in fertigation with fertilizer injection pump treatment in chillies crop as 10.51 t ha-1 with water use efficiency of 16.26 kg ha-1 mm-1 was observed to be higher than the all other treatments followed by venturi injector, fertilizer tank and flood method as 15.52, 12.66 and 9.18 kg ha-1 mm-1 respectively. In maize crop, also the yield was best in fertigation with fertilizer injection pump treatment as 6.10 t ha-1 with water use efficiency of 10.90 kg ha-1 mm-1 was observed to be higher than the all other treatments followed by venturi injector, fertilizer tank and flood method as 9.97, 8.47 and 5.75 kg ha-1 mm-1 respectively. Increased FUE such as Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and Pottasium use efficiency (KUE) were observed in the chilli crop. The highest NUE of 35.53 kg of produce / kg of N was recorded in the treatment drip with fertilizer injection pump (T1) where as in maize crop the highest NUE of 30.96 kg of produce / kg of N was recorded in the treatment drip with fertilizer injection pump (T1). For chillies crop BCR was the highest for the treatment drip with fertilizer injection pump (T1) of 1.49 and the lowest for the control (T4) of 1.08. Venturi injector (T2) occupied the second position for BCR of 1.47 where as fertilizer tank (T3) recorded BCR as 1.20 whereas for maize crop BCR was the highest for the T1 of 1.48 and the lowest for the T4 of 1.15. Venturi injector occupied the second position for BCR of 1.41 whereas T3 recorded BCR as 1.20. It clearly indicates that at different methods of fertilizer application results had significant difference. Key words: fertilizer injection pump, venturi injector, fertilizer tank, suction rate, motive flow rate.
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