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Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda
Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda has been established as a full-fledged State University, having unique honour of being the “First Agricultural University of Bundelkhand Region”. The University was notified vide Government Order No. 301/79-V-1-10-1 (Ka) 27-2009 Lucknow and established on 2nd March 2010 under Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) 1958 Gazette-Adhiniyam 2010. Initially it was named as “Manyawar Shri Kanshiram Ji University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda”, which was changed as “Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda” vide Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, 2014, No. 1528(2)/LXXIX-V-1-14-1(Ka)-13-2014 dated 4th December 2014.
The University has been established for the development of the agriculture and allied sectors in the Uttar Pradesh on the whole and Bundelkhand region in particular. It is committed to serve the Bundelkhand region with trinity concept, i.e. complete integration of teaching, research and extension for the development of agriculture and allied sectors in order to ensure food security and enhance socio-economic status of inhabitants. State Government of Uttar Pradesh has assigned the University with the responsibilities of (a) human resource generation and development, (b) generation and perfection of technologies, and (c) their dissemination to the farmers, orchardists and dairy farmers in the Chitrakoot Dham and Jhansi divisions. The Chirtrkoot Dham Division consists of four districts, namely Banda, Chitrakoot (Karvi), Mahoba and Hamirpur whereas Jhansi Division consists of Jhansi, Lalitpur and Jalaun (Orai) districts.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON POPULATION DYNAMICS AND BIORATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) IN CHICKPEA(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-11-04) SINGH, Saurabh; SINGH, B.K.Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major source of protein (22.5%), carbohydrates (58.9%) and fats (52%) to the vegetarian population. It also fix atmospheric nitrogen and maintain the soil in better physical condition and richer in nitrogen. Among the various factors responsible for low yield of chickpea as compared to potential yield, the losses caused by biotic and abiotic factors, out of biotic factors, insect pest are more prominent factor. The gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) is one of the major biotic constraint in increasing production and productivity of chickpea crop throughout the country. Injudicious use of pesticides against this destructive pest, further ignites the problem of resistance, resurgence and environmental and ecological imbalances. Present investigation envisaged to study on population dynamics and biorational management of H. armigera (Hubner) in chickpea. Experiments were conducted at Students Experimental farm of Banda University of Agricultural & Technology, Banda. Various observation were recorded viz. population dynamic of H. armigera, larval parasitization by C. chlorideae, effect of biorational pesticides against H. armigera, percent pod damage, yield of chickpea and cost: benefit ratio. The lowest population was recorded throughout the cropping period with 15th November date of sown crop and larval population recorded at only vegetative stage and when crop reached in reproductive stage larval population was nil. The highest percent parasitized was recorded in 49th standard week and in the month of December and population was recorded up to March. Indoxacarb is the best treatment as it exhibits lowest larval population, lowest pod damage, highest yield and highest cost: benefit ratio were recorded. It is advisable to sow the crop in the mid of November and when pest population reached at ETL, application of Indoxacarb give better result instead of bio-pesticides and subsistence phase.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Phosphorus, PSB and Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-07-23) Shamsurahman; SINGH, S.B.A field experiment entitled “Effect of Phosphorus, PSB and Vermicompost on Growth and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)” was carried out during Kharif season, 2019 at Agriculture Farm of Banda University of, Agriculture and Technology Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India. The experiment was conducted under Randomized Complete Block Design with 16 treatments (Farmers’ Practices (FYM -5t ha1 + 50 kg DAP ha-1); 75 kg DAP; 100 kg DAP; 125 kg DAP; PSB; 75kg DAP + PSB; 100 kg DAP + PSB; 125 kg DAP + PSB; VC; 75 kg DAP + VC; 100 kg DAP + VC; 125 kg DAP + VC; PSB + VC; 75 kg DAP + PSB + VC; 100 kg DAP + PSB + VC and 125 kg DAP + PSB + VC). Basal applications of 125 kg DAP + VC + PSB resulted in significant increased in all growth characters/parameters. Yield and yield attributes significantly responded to all with the application of 75 kg DAP + VC + PSB. However, initial plant population, chlorophyll content and LAI did not exert significant variation among the treatments. Treatment (T14) where 75 kg DAP + VC + PSB was applied delivered the highest grain yield which gave 22.57% more yield advantage than the farmer practice. However, Application of higher doses of DAP with VC and PSB gave luxuriant growth to the crop rather increased yield and yield attributes. The economics of application of 75 kg DAP /ha + VC + PSB (T14) gave the higher gross return, net return and monetary advantage as compared to the other treatments. B:C ratio (2.25) was recorded under application of 75 kg DAP + VC + PSB (T14) which was slightly lesser than what obtained with the application of 125 kg DAP alone (2.36). This is only because of high cost of vermicompost. However, maximum monetary advantage (22.19%) was noted with 75 kg DAP + VC + PSB (T14) when compared with farmer’s practice. Field study reveals that mungbean var. IPM 2-3 when sown by 02.08.2019 at a spacing of 30 cm and subsequently fertilized at 75 kg DAP and 5 t vermicompost accompanied with seed inoculation with PSB per hectare was found to be effective and remunerative and edaphically viable option and deemed fit in to cropping system.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND ITS ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN LENTIL (Lens culinaris Medik.)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-11-19) Kishor, RamLentil grains are rich source of protein containing about 26% protein and therefore are considered as poor man’s meat, and contains high amount of vitamins, minerals, pre-biotic carbohydrates and rich source of Fe and Zn. The present investigation was carried out at P.G. Research farm of College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India in augmented block design during rabi 2019-2020. The experimental materials comprised eighty four genotypes of lentil containing exotic as well as indigenous germplasm lines of lentil including four check varieties viz., DPL-62, KML-320, L4076 and IPL316. Analysis of variance showed significant difference for all the traits under study except harvest index while, variation due to genotypes were significant for all the traits except plant height, number of seeds per pod and harvest index. The maximum value of PCV and GCV were found for the traits biological yield per plant (45.38% and 35.97%, respectively) while minimum for days to maturity (2.28% and 1.96%, respectively). The magnitude of high heritability in broad sense was found for days to maturity (73.99%) followed by 100-seed weight (69.19) and high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for biological yield per plant (58.74%). Traits such as number of pods per plant, biological yield, seed index, number of secondary branches, harvest index and plant height showed highest positive significant correlation with seed yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant exerted by number of pod per plant, followed by seed weight while other traits contributing considerably medium direct effect biological yield, harvest index, primary branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and secondary branches per plant. In cluster analysis, eighty-four germplasm lines were grouped into four different non-overlapping clusters in which cluster II had the maximum number of genotypes (33 genotypes) followed by cluster I (24 genotypes), cluster III (15 genotypes) and cluster IV (12 genotypes). The first five principal components showed 76.22% of the total variation among the tested genotypes. The genotypes which showed highest genetic diversity can be used as a parent in hybridization program. Early flowering was found in genotype KLB-115 and genotypes IPLS-09-33, L-112-16, ILL-7723, KLB114, LEE-18-165 and EC-522160 had the highest seed yield.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF ORGANIC MANURES ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-12) SINGH, AMAR; Kumar, DeoTo protect the soil and minimize uses of chemical fertilizers, a research work was conducted at Agriculture Research Farm, CoA, BUAT, Banda during Kharif, 2019 to study the comparative effect of different combinations of organic manures on soil properties and productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Experiment was laid out with 10 treatments in Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. The results indicated that the application of Vermicompost @ 2 t/ha + Farmyard manure @ 2 t/ha + Jeevamrut @ 500 l/ha (T10) recorded highest organic carbon content (0.44 %) in soil. In the treatment T4, application of RDF (40: 20: 20) + Vermicompost @ 4 t/ha significantly increase the available N 19.1 % over its initial value (201.0 kg/ha), available P 23.5 % over its initial value (17.0 kg/ha) and exchangeable K 21.32 % over its initial value (198.8 kg/ha). Micronutrient i.e. Fe (8.406 ppm), Mn (1.414 ppm), Cu (0.285 ppm) and Zn (1.097 ppm) were found highest in treatment T9 [Farmyard manure @ 4 t/ha]. Maximum plant height (49.57cm at 30 DAS and 147.72 cm at 60 DAS), seed yield (8.98 q/ha) and Stover yield (34.30 q/ha) were observed in treatment T4 [RDF (40: 20: 20) + Vermicompost @ 4 t/ha]. Number of capsules/plant (32.80) and Number of seeds/capsule (61.55) was observed maximum in treatment T5 [RDF (40: 20: 20) + Farmyard manure @ 4 t/ha]. Test weight (2.95 g) observed maximum in treatment T7 (Vermicompost @ 4 t/ha). The cost of cultivation was found highest in the treatment T4 (26010 Rs/ha) and Net return was highest in treatment T5 (38409.5 Rs/ha). The Benefit: Cost ratio was highest in treatment T1 (3.29) [RDF (40: 20: 20)] followed by treatment T3 (3.16) [RDF (40: 20: 20) + Farmyard manure @ 2 t/ha]. Overall, application of RDF (40: 20: 20) + Vermicompost @ 4 t/ha found suitable for the sesame crop in term of improvement in soil fertility and productivity of crop. However, it has to suggest for validating the recommendation in long-term study under different ecologies.ThesisItem Open Access ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR OF SEED PRODUCERS IN BUNDELKHAND REGION OF UTTAR PRADESH(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-11-10) Singh Raghuvanshi, Saurabh; P.Mishra, BhanuA farmer does not become an entrepreneur only by adopting a new agricultural technology but he becomes an entrepreneur only when he comes to be an operator of a farm business (De, 1986). The entrepreneur is perceived as an individual with certain characteristics helpful in conceiving, initiating, establishing and managing an enterprise. The current study was carried out during 2019-2020 entitled "Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Seed producers in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh" has been initiated focus on entrepreneurial behaviour of sced producers. The study was conducted in Banda and Hamirpur district which were purposively selected considering the approachability, convenience and availability of KVK of BUAT, Banda where seed hub project is running. The total sample size of 80 respondents were selected on the basis of multistage proportionate random sampling who were the beneficiaries of state seed cooperation and pulse seed hub project of BUAT from both the selected district. From the salient findings of the study it can be concluded that majority of the respondent were found the medium level of entrepreneurial behaviour due to their medium socio-economic profile. Further, it was observed that the risk bearing ability leadership ability, innovativeness, selfconfidence and decision making ability were also found medium. Among the thirteen independent variables, seven variables viz., education, annual income, occupation, land holding, material possession, training received, economic motivation, market orientation showed positive and significant correlation with entrepreneurial behaviour. The major hurdle observed in seed production business were related to availability of inputs, farm machinery, awareness related to market, finance etc., annapratha, occurrence of insectpest and disease, as well as erratic weather conditions etc. For the increment in the level of entrepreneurial behaviour, it is required to provide more subsidies on the cost of inputs such as fertilizer, timely supply of good quality of seed by the sponsoring organizations along with capacity building and hand holding support to seed producers on recent technologies of seed production. To overcome with the different constraints of seed production the best remunerative price of seed must be ensured. Further, the opportunity for exposure visit as well as availability of mini processing plants on cluster basis can attract more young farmers to opt seed production as amiable enterprise.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization of germplasm and inter-relationship studies based on agro-morphological traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-20) KUMAR, AMIT; Kumar, HiteshChickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the second most valuable food legume crop which provides high amount of nutrition to human population. The present investigation was carried out in augmented design to study genetic diversity and characterization of 90 germplasm lines with four checks using 17 quantitative and 13 qualitative characters at Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India, during Rabi 2018-19. The ANOVA exhibited significant difference for all the traits studies except early plant vigor, plant height, height of first pod, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pod per plant, number of seeds per pod among the genotypes. The maximum GCV and PCV was estimated for height of first pod (35.28 and 39.29), seed yield per plant (29.77 and 40.32) and number of primary branches (25.63 and 31.44). The greater heritability with genetic advance was estimated in seed index (96.61%) while high genetic advance percent mean was measured for height of first pod (65.27%). The correlation analysis revealed the highest positive and significant association of seed yield with number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, seed index, number of secondary branches, number of primary branches and height of first pod. Path coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plot had the highest positive and direct effect on the number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, seed index, number of secondary branches. The genetic diversity was estimated through D2 analysis which grouped genotypes into 8 clusters with different number in each. The maximum number of genotypes (32) were present in cluster II followed by cluster I (28), cluster III (12), cluster VI (8), cluster V (7), cluster VII (3) and cluster IV and VIII had only one genotype. Cluster VII and IV showed maximum intercluster distance (179096.9) indicating highest genetic diversity among the genotypes of these clusters. Principal component analysis transformed recorded parameters into three variables (PCs) which contributes 97.78 percent of the total variation. Further, PCA revealed the maximum contribution of days to flower initiation to the principal component first (92.96%). The genotype ICVT 18116, ICVT 181111 and ICVT 181115 were matured in 110 days. The genotypes ICVT 181103, ICVT 181102, RLBG-2, BG 5030, ICVT 181111, ICVT 181104, ICVT 181109, GNG 2372, KGD 11-1 and so many more showed highest yield over all four checks. The genotypes identified for desirable traits and showing genetic distance may utilize as a parental lines for hybridization program in the improvement of chickpea grain yield and its contributing trait.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN FIELD PEA(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-14) PRATAP, VIJAY; Sharma, VijayThe present investigation was carried out in augmented block design using eighty germplasm lines of field pea with four checks (IPF 4-9, Adarsh, Ambika and IPF 10-12) at P.G. Research Farm of College of Agriculture, BUAT, Banda during rabi season 2019-20. The data were recorded on thirteen quantitative characters for the estimation of estimation of genetic parameters, character association studies and genetic diversity. Analysis of variance showed existence of sufficient variability for 13 characters among test genotypes. Maximum amount of PCV and GCV observed for traits such as seed yield plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and effective nodes plant-1. High estimates of heritability with high GAM found for seed yield and harvest index, clearly indicates that above traits governed by additive effect of gene and for these selection may be effective. Correlation analysis revealed that seed yield plant-1 showed strong positive inter-relationship with nodes plant-1, effective pods plant-1, effective nodes plant-1, harvest index and biological yield. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that biological yield, harvest index and seed pod-1 exerted highest direct effect on seed yield in positive direction, whereas highly positive indirect effect exhibited by effective pods plant-1, branches lant-1, effective nodes plant-1, seeds pod-1, plant height, nodes plant-1, harvest index and pod length via biological yield plant-1. Hence from path analysis, it concluded that harvest index, seeds pod-1 and effective nodes plant-1 contributed to seed yield directly as well as indirectly. Eighty-four germplasms (including checks) were grouped into 4 distinct clusters. This represents the presence of high genetic diversity in the evaluated set of germplasm. Between cluster II and III, highest inter-cluster distance was observed, indicates the maximum diversity among genotypes of these clusters. Differences were observed for cluster mean among different distinct clusters for all the 13 characters. Therefore, crosses between members of cluster having high cluster mean for important characters coupled with high inter-cluster distances between them are recommended for getting high heterosis as well as transgressive.ThesisItem Open Access " Development of wood apple- aonla ready to serve"(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-29) Kumar, Setu; Awasthi, PriyaThe present investigation entitled “Development of wood apple- aonla ready to serve” was carried out at Post Harvest Technology laboratory and Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Horticulture, BUAT, Banda (U.P.) during 2019-20 to develop the wood apple- aonla blended ready to serve in different proportions and also to study bio-chemical changes in developed RTS during storage period up to three months. The juice of wood apple was extracted by mixing water and pulp in 2:1 ratio, and aonla juice was extracted by screw type juice extractor. Different biochemical properties of both fruit juices were analyzed. The juices of both fruits were blended in different proportion to prepare RTS in different combinations. There were seven combinations of blend juices which were used to develop ready to serve, all treatments standardized as 10% blend pulp, 100 Brix TSS and 0.3% acidity at initial stage. All seven treatments were stored at ambient temperature (28±4 0C). The biochemical properties were observed in all treatments at initial stage i.e. 0 day as well as at 30 days interval up to 90 days. It was found that during the storage, TSS, titrable acidity, total sugar, reducing sugar and non-enzymatic browning were increased in all the treatments while ascorbic acid, pH, brix: acid ratio, protein, total phenols were decreased with storage period. At 90 days of storage the highest TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid, total sugar, non-enzymatic browning, total phenol, was recorded in T7 (40% W + 60% A) and lowest in T1 (100% W). The highest protein and brix: acid ratio was observed in T1 (100% W) and lowest in T7 (40% W + 60% A). Value of pH was found highest in T5 (60% W + 40% A), and lowest in T7 (40% W + 60% A) and reducing sugar was observed highest in T4 (70% W + 30% A) and lowest in T1 (100% W). All treatments were microbial safe and consumable up to 3 months. On the basis of sensory evaluation by the panel of 5 semi-trained judges, it was observed that all the sensory based characteristics values were continuously decreased with storage period. In terms of bio-chemical parameters T7 (40% W + 60% A) was recorded best among all the treatments, on the other hand from organoleptic properties point of view T4 (70% W + 30% A) was recorded best. So both treatments can be recommended for commercial purpose, according to consumer’s preference.ThesisItem Open Access “STUDIES ON VARIABILITY AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]”(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-09-28) RAI, MRITUNJAY; SINGH, RAJESH KUMARThe present investigation entitled “Studies on variability and genetic divergence in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]” was conducted at vegetable research farm, BUAT, Banda during summer and rainy season-2019, to determine the extent of variability, estimate correlation coefficient among the important economic traits, find out the direct and indirect effects of yield and determine the information on genetic divergence within the genotypes for various traits. The experiment was conducted in RBD with three replications with 18 genotypes of okra. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants for the characters viz., days to 50% germination, plant height (cm), days to first flower, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvesting, number of nodes, leaf area (cm2), number of leaves, number of primary branches/plant, stem girth, node to first flower appear, number of fruits/plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, pedicle length, yield/plant (kg), yield/plot (kg), yield (q/ha). The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters during both the seasons. Based on the pre se performance of genotype Kashi Pragati found as most promising genotypes for fruit yield (q/ha) for summer season and genotype Hisar Naveen for rainy season. The estimates of PCV were higher than the corresponding GCV for all the traits. During summer season high PCV were observed for yield q/ha, yield/plot, yield/plant, while for rainy season high PCV were observed for days to 50% germination, number of branches at final harvest and pedicle length. Whereas, the estimates of GCV for summer season were high for yield q/ha, yield/plot and yield/plant, while for rainy season high GCV were observed for days to 50% germination and pedicle length. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for yield (q/ha), yield/plot, yield/plant, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for leaf area at 60 DAS, leaf area at 30 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, pedicle length. During summer and rainy season, the magnitude of genotypic correlation has been found higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation for all the traits that indicated inherent association among various characters. The fruit yield/plant showed highly strong positive association with number of fruits/plants followed by plant height at 90 DAS, leaf area at 90 DAS, number of nodes at 30 DAS, number of branches at final harvest, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season fruit yield/plant showed highly strong positive association with plant height at 60 DAS followed by stem girth at 30 DAS, number of nodes at 60 DAS, plant height at 30 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, number of nodes at 30 DAS and number of fruits/plants. The genotypic path coefficient analysis of different yield contributing and associated traits on fruit yield per plant revealed that traits viz., leaf area at 60 DAS had the highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant followed by number of fruits per plant, number of leaves 90 DAS, days taken to first harvest, days taken to 50% germination, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season leaf area at 60 DAS had the highest positive direct effect followed by days taken to first flower, number of nodes at 90 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, pedicle length, days taken to 50% flowering. It indicated that possibility of effective improvement on okra fruit yield through these components could be achieved. The highest inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster I and V for summer season whereas, for rainy season highest inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster III and V. Hence, the crosses between the genotypes of these clusters can be tried for improvement of yield.
