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Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda
Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda has been established as a full-fledged State University, having unique honour of being the “First Agricultural University of Bundelkhand Region”. The University was notified vide Government Order No. 301/79-V-1-10-1 (Ka) 27-2009 Lucknow and established on 2nd March 2010 under Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) 1958 Gazette-Adhiniyam 2010. Initially it was named as “Manyawar Shri Kanshiram Ji University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda”, which was changed as “Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda” vide Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, 2014, No. 1528(2)/LXXIX-V-1-14-1(Ka)-13-2014 dated 4th December 2014.
The University has been established for the development of the agriculture and allied sectors in the Uttar Pradesh on the whole and Bundelkhand region in particular. It is committed to serve the Bundelkhand region with trinity concept, i.e. complete integration of teaching, research and extension for the development of agriculture and allied sectors in order to ensure food security and enhance socio-economic status of inhabitants. State Government of Uttar Pradesh has assigned the University with the responsibilities of (a) human resource generation and development, (b) generation and perfection of technologies, and (c) their dissemination to the farmers, orchardists and dairy farmers in the Chitrakoot Dham and Jhansi divisions. The Chirtrkoot Dham Division consists of four districts, namely Banda, Chitrakoot (Karvi), Mahoba and Hamirpur whereas Jhansi Division consists of Jhansi, Lalitpur and Jalaun (Orai) districts.
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ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of wax gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.] genotypes for growth, yield and quality attributes.(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2021-10-11) Shivhare, Hradesh; Dwivedi, S.V.The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of wax gourd [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.] genotypes for growth, yield and quality attributes’’ was conducted during kharif season of 2020 at Vegetable Research Farm of College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda. The experiment was laid out in a Randomize Block Design including 21 genotypes of ash gourd viz., BUAG-1, BUAG-2, BUAG-3, BUAG-4, BUAG-5, BUAG-6, BUAG-7, BUAG-8, BUAG-9, BUAG-10, BUAG-11, BUAG-12, BUAG-13, BUAG-14, BUAG-15, BUAG-16, BUAG-17, BUAG-18, Kashi Dhawal, Kashi Ujwal and Kashi Surbhi in three replications. The treatments were applied in three replications. The data were recorded on vine length (m), number of primary branches, internodal length (cm), crop duration (DAS), polar diameter of fruit (cm), fruit peripheral thickness (cm), flesh thickness (cm), average fruit weight (kg), number of seeds per fruit, 100 seed weight (g), fruit yield (q/ha), total soluble solid (0Brix), vitamin C (mg/100g) and protein (mg/100g). The genotype BUAG-11 showed maximum values for fruit yield (355.89 q/ha), vitamin C (44.60 mg/100 g), fruit peripheral thickness (71.02 cm) and polar diameter of fruits (46.31.cm) and at par to highest values for fruit protein (358.45 mg/100 g), average fruit weight (4.71 kg), flesh thickness (5.68 cm) and vine length (6.04 m). The genotype BUAG-10 had highest value of flesh thickness (6.18 cm and average fruit weight (7.52 kg) and second highest fruit yield (344.64 kg). Highest value for number of primary branches (3.69) and at par to highest fruit yield (333.69 q/ha) along with lowest vine length (3.10 m) and 100 seed weight (2.74 g) was noted in BUAG-7. Similarly, BUAG-18 registered highest vine length (8.55 m) and TSS (4.36 0Brix). Lowest 100 seed weight (2.74 g) and at par to highest fruit yield (333.69 q/ha) was noted in BUAG-7 whereas minimum number of seeds per fruit was observed in BUAG-15 (384.08). The ideotype (ideal plant) in wax gourd may be defined as 7.75 m-8.50 m vine length, 3.30-3.70 primary branches, 9.0-11.50 cm internodal length, 130-135 DAS maturity duration, 46 cm polar and 52 cm peripheral thickness of fruits, 5.7 cm-6.20 cm flesh thickness, 7.50 kg fruit weight, 380-390 seeds per fruit, as low as 2.7g-3.3g 100 seed weight, 4.3- 4.4 0Brix TSS, 40-45 mg/100 g vitamin C, 300-375 mg/100 g protein and 333-355 q/ha fruit yield.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ROW-SPACINGS AND MICRONUTRIENTS ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF PALAK (Beta vulgaris var. bengalensis L.)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2021-09-23) Shah, Imamuddin; Mishra, A.C.The present investigation entitled "Effect of row-spacings and micronutrients on seed yield and quality of palak (Beta vulgaris var. bengalensis L.)” was conducted during Rabi (OctoberMarch) season of 2020-21 at Vegetable Research Farm of College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomize Block Design with two factors viz., row-spacings (S) and micronutrient applications (M). The first factor i.e. row-spacings included 30x10 cm (Si), 40x10 cm (S2) & 50x10 cm (S3) whereas, the second factor i.e. micronutrient application included four treatments viz., without micronutrients (Mo), Zink Sulphate Monohydrate (33% Zn+15% S) @ 20kg/ha (Mi), Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate (20% B) @ 20kg/ha (M2) and equal quantity of each Zink Sulphate Monohydrate (33% Zn+15% S), Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate (20% B) and a commercial formulation containing 6.0% Zn, 3.0% Fe, 0.5% Cu and 1.5% Mn @10kg/ha (M3) in variety of All Green'. The treatments under both the factors were applied in all possible combinations in three replications. The data were recorded on plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm2), dry weight of plants (g) days to 50 per cent flowering (days after sowing, DAS) number of spikes per plant, spike length (cm), spikelet length (cm), 100 seed weight (g), seed yield (q/ha) germination percentage, seedling shoot length (cm), seedling root length (cm), total seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II. Results indicated that row-spacing of 50x10 cm recorded maximum values for plant height, number of leaves per plant, dry weight of plants, days to 50% of flowering, number of spikes per plant, spike length, spikelet length, 100 seed weight, seedling shoot length, seedling root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I and seedling vigour index-II. Maximum seed yield was found in closest row-spacing of 30x10 cm. Germination percentage was noted at par at 40x10 cm and 50x10 cm row-spacings which was significantly higher than that in 30x10 cm row-spacing. Among the micronutrients, M2 registered maximum values for plant height, dry weight of plants, leaf area, days to 50% of flowering, number of spikes per plant, spike and spikelet length, seed yield and germination percentage. The treatment M3 showed second highest germination percentage and highest seedling shoot length, seedling root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II. In the view of high seed yield and seed quality parameters simultaneously, promising treatment combinations were S2M), S2M2 and S3M3. Correlation coefficient values indicated that seed yield showed either negative or non-significant positive correlation with all the plant growth, seed yield and seed quality parameters. Contrarily, the principal seed quality parameter i.e., germination percentage exhibited significant and positive correlation with most of characters viz., plant height, dry weight of plants and days to 50% flowering, number of spikes per plant, spike length, spikelet length and 100 seed weight, seedling shoot length, seedling root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I and seedling vigour index-II.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Variability and Genetic Divergence in Onion (Allium cepa L.)(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2021-09-28) Yadav, Agnivesh; Singh, Rajesh KumarThe present investigation entitled “Studies on Variability and Genetic Divergence in Onion (Allium cepa L.)” was conducted at vegetable research farm, BUAT, Banda during rabi season 2019-20 to determine the extent of variability, estimate correlation coefficient among the important economic traits, find out the direct and indirect effect on yield and determine the information and genetic divergence in onion genotypes for various traits. The experiment was conducted in RBD with three replications with twenty genotypes of onion. The observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants for the characters viz.plant stand at maturity, plant height (cm) at 75 DAT, number of leaves/plants at 75 DAT, neck thickness at 75 DAT, equatorial bulb diameter (cm), polar bulb diameter (cm), P: E ratio, 20 bulbs weight (kg), average bulb weight (g), double (%) on number basis, bolters (%) on number basis, rotten (%) on number basis, days to maturity at 60-70 % neck fall, days to harvesting after transplanting, thrips/plant, stemphylium blight (intensity %), total soluble solids (%), gross yield (kg/plot), gross yield (q/ha), marketable yield (kg/plot), marketable yield (q/ha). The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters during the experiment. Based on the per se performance the genotype/variety NHRDF Red-4, performed superior regarding most of the traits, but the genotype Sukh Sagar taken minimum duration and mature only in 80 days after transplanting, it harvested approximately 30-40 days before if compare to others genotypes and also yielded well, so that this variety can be also recommend for cultivation in Uttar Pradesh. The estimates of PCV were higher than the corresponding GCV for all the traits. High PCV were observed for various characters viz, double percent on number basis, bolters percent on number basis, rotten percent on number basis, stemphylium blight intensity, thrips per plant, marketable yield (kg/plot), gross yield (q/ha) and bolters percentage on number basis. The GCV was high for various characters viz., double on number basis, bolters on number basis, rotten % on number basis, gross yield q/ha, marketable yield kg/plot. The high heritability recorded for P: E ratio, average bulb weight, days to maturity 60-70 % neck fall, gross yield (kg/plot), days to harvesting after transplanting, and marketable yield (q/ha), during the experiment maximum genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for number of leaves per plant at 75 days after planting, double (%) on number basis, bolters (%) on number basis, rotten (%) on number basis, gross yield (q/ha), marketable yield (kg/plot).The magnitude of genotypic correlation has been found higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation for all the traits that indicated inherent association among various characters. The gross yield (kg/plot) showed highly strong positive association with plant height (cm) at 75 DAT, number of leaves/plant at 75 DAT, neck thickness at 75 DAT, equatorial bulb diameter (cm), polar bulb diameter (cm), P: E ratio, 20 bulb weight (kg), average bulb weight (g), and thrips/plant. The genotypic path coefficient analysis of different yield contributing and associated traits on gross yield kg/plot revealed that traits viz., average bulb weight (g) has the highest positive direct effect followed by P: E ratio, equatorial bulb diameter (cm), number of leaves/plants at 75 DAT, rotten (%) on number basis, days to maturity at 60-70 % neck fall, days to harvesting after transplanting, thrips/plant and TSS (%). It indicated that possibility of effective improvement on onion bulb gross yield through these components could be achieved. The highest inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster III and V, hence the crosses between the genotypes of these clusters can be tried for improvement of yield.ThesisItem Open Access Diallel Analysis for Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench](Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2021-09-07) Maurya, Brijesh Kumar; NeetuThe experiment entitled “Diallel Analysis for Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]” was undertaken with the objectives (i) To estimate the magnitude of heterosis for the yield and its component, (ii) To estimate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of crosses, (iii) To study the gene action involved in inheritance of yield and yield attributing traits for planning of an appropriate strategy for development of high yielding okra hybrid as well as breeding procedure. The materials of experiment consisted of ten diverse parents Arka Anamika (P1), Kashi Pragati (P2), Hisar Naveen (P3), Hisar Unnat (P4), Punjab-8 (P5), Pusa-A-4 (P6), Varsha Upahar (P7), Akola Bahar (P8), Phule Vimukta (P9) and Punjab Suhavani (P10) and their 45 F1’s obtained by crossing in half-diallel fashion were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at Vegetable Research Farm, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh during Rainy season, 2020. Observations were recorded on randomly selected five plants of each block maintained for eighteen traits viz. days to first flowering, days to 50 % flowering. node at which first flower appear, days to edible fruit maturity, number of nodes per plant, internodal length (cm), number of branches per plant, plant height (cm), number of fruits per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit, 100-Seed weight, seed yield per plant (g), fruit yield per plant (g) and fruit yield quintal per hectare. Significant mean squares due to genotypes, parents, hybrids and parents vs. hybrids were observed for most of the traits except for days to edible fruit maturity, fruit length (cm), seed yield per plant (g), node at first flower appear, number of node per plant, internodal length (cm) and number of branches per plant. The best cross combinations over better parent were P2 × P10 (21.42 %), which may be exploited as commercial hybrid after their stability test as they are not only high yielder but also possessed attractive fruit shape and colour as per present market demand. The estimates of GCA and SCA variances were significant indicating importance of additive and non additive gene actions for all the traits. Significant GCA and SCA effects were observed for all the traits which also evidenced close association with per se performance. Varsha Upahar (P7) was found as the best combiner for days to first flowering, node number, number of fruit and fruit lenght. Higher value of Ĥ1 and Ĥ2 compared to D̂ ̂ ̂ , significance value of ĥ2 , average degree of dominance (Ĥ1/D̂) ½ and ratio of KD/KR showed the preponderance of dominance genes in the expression of yield and other traits including quality parameters, suggested that heterosis breeding approaches might be more rewarding than selection to improve yield together with quality traits in okra.ThesisItem Open Access “STUDIES ON VARIABILITY AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]”(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-09-28) RAI, MRITUNJAY; SINGH, RAJESH KUMARThe present investigation entitled “Studies on variability and genetic divergence in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]” was conducted at vegetable research farm, BUAT, Banda during summer and rainy season-2019, to determine the extent of variability, estimate correlation coefficient among the important economic traits, find out the direct and indirect effects of yield and determine the information on genetic divergence within the genotypes for various traits. The experiment was conducted in RBD with three replications with 18 genotypes of okra. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants for the characters viz., days to 50% germination, plant height (cm), days to first flower, days to 50% flowering, days to first harvesting, number of nodes, leaf area (cm2), number of leaves, number of primary branches/plant, stem girth, node to first flower appear, number of fruits/plant, fruit length, fruit diameter, pedicle length, yield/plant (kg), yield/plot (kg), yield (q/ha). The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters during both the seasons. Based on the pre se performance of genotype Kashi Pragati found as most promising genotypes for fruit yield (q/ha) for summer season and genotype Hisar Naveen for rainy season. The estimates of PCV were higher than the corresponding GCV for all the traits. During summer season high PCV were observed for yield q/ha, yield/plot, yield/plant, while for rainy season high PCV were observed for days to 50% germination, number of branches at final harvest and pedicle length. Whereas, the estimates of GCV for summer season were high for yield q/ha, yield/plot and yield/plant, while for rainy season high GCV were observed for days to 50% germination and pedicle length. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for yield (q/ha), yield/plot, yield/plant, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for leaf area at 60 DAS, leaf area at 30 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, pedicle length. During summer and rainy season, the magnitude of genotypic correlation has been found higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation for all the traits that indicated inherent association among various characters. The fruit yield/plant showed highly strong positive association with number of fruits/plants followed by plant height at 90 DAS, leaf area at 90 DAS, number of nodes at 30 DAS, number of branches at final harvest, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season fruit yield/plant showed highly strong positive association with plant height at 60 DAS followed by stem girth at 30 DAS, number of nodes at 60 DAS, plant height at 30 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, number of nodes at 30 DAS and number of fruits/plants. The genotypic path coefficient analysis of different yield contributing and associated traits on fruit yield per plant revealed that traits viz., leaf area at 60 DAS had the highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant followed by number of fruits per plant, number of leaves 90 DAS, days taken to first harvest, days taken to 50% germination, for summer season. Whereas, for rainy season leaf area at 60 DAS had the highest positive direct effect followed by days taken to first flower, number of nodes at 90 DAS, plant height at 90 DAS, pedicle length, days taken to 50% flowering. It indicated that possibility of effective improvement on okra fruit yield through these components could be achieved. The highest inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster I and V for summer season whereas, for rainy season highest inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster III and V. Hence, the crosses between the genotypes of these clusters can be tried for improvement of yield.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC PARAMETERS IN COWPEA [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] UNDER DIFFERENT GROWING SEASONS(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-29) SINGH, SHIVAM; Dwivedi, S. V.The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic parameters in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] under different growing seasons” was carried out with 15 varieties with 3 replications in randomized block design at vegetable research farm. BUAT, Banda during summer and kharif season in the year 2019. To determine the extent of variability and correlation coefficient among the important economic traits, find out the direct and indirect effects of yield and drought tolerance indices. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants for these characters viz., days to first flowering, days to 50 % flowering, days to first pod picking, days to final pod picking, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, specific leaf area (cm2), pod diameter (cm), pod length (cm), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and pod yield per plant (g). Based on the performance of genotypes Kashi Nidhi followed by Kashi Unnati and Kashi Gauri were found as most promising genotypes for pod yield per plant (g) in summer season whereas genotypes Kashi Kanchan followed by Swarn Mukut and Swarn Suphala in kharif season. The estimates of PCV were higher than the corresponding GCV for all the traits. During summer season the GCV and PCV were high for various characters viz. plant height, pod yield per plant (g), number of pods per plant, while for kharif season high they were recorded for plant height and specific leaf area. During the summer season high heritability was observed for pod diameter and specific leaf area. During the kharif season high heritability was recorded for specific leaf area and plant height. During summer and kharif season, the magnitude of genotypic correlation has been found higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation for all the traits that indicate inherent association among various characters. During summer season the pod yield per plant showed highly strong positive association with number of seeds per pod followed by pod diameter and pod length. In the kharif season pod yield per plant showed highly strong positive association with number of seeds per pod followed by number of pods per plant and specific leaf area. The genotypic path coefficient analysis for pod yield and its contributing traits for summer season expressed that number of pods per plant was observed highest positive direct effect followed by pod length, plant height, specific leaf area and days to first flowering. In kharif season specific leaf area was observed highest positive direct effect followed by number of branches per plant and plant height. Analysis of data related to heat stress indices revealed that Arka Garima and Arka Suman were found highly susceptible varieties and Kashi Shyamal, Kashi Nidhi, Kashi Kanchan, Kashi Unnati, Swarn Harita and Swarn Suphala were found high heat stress tolerant varieties.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY IN SPONGE GOURD [Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem.](Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda Uttar Pradesh, 2020-10-08) Yadav, Vishal; Mishra, Akhilesh ChandraPresent investigation entitled "Studies on genetic variability in sponge gourd (Lufja cylindrica (L.) Roem.)" was undertaken at the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science of Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda during spring summer and rainy seasons, 2019. The experimental material comprised of 16 sponge gourd genotypes. Crops were raised in randomized block design with three replications. Data were recorded in each plot for 19 plant growth and fruit traits viz., days to 50% germination, days to first male flower emergence (days after sowing), days to first female flower emergence (days after sowing), node number of first male flower, node number of first female flower, intermodal length (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area cm2), number of branches, male/female ratio, days to first picking (days after sowing), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), specific gravity of fruits (g/cm"), total soluble solids (%), dry matter content (%), fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant (kg). On the basis of results over the two seasons, it was indicated that Kashi Divya, BUAT SG181, Pusa Sneha, CHSG-2 and Pant Tori-1 were promising genotypes with higher values for more than one desirable characters. High GCV & PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percentage of mean was estimated for number of branches, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant across the spring summer and rainy seasons. Correlation studies revealed that fruit yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit length and number branches at genotypic and phenotypic levels over spring summer and rainy seasons. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of fruits per plant had consistent positive and direct effect on fruit yield per plant at genotypic and phenotypic levels whereas, specific gravity of fruits and node number of first female flower exhibited high positive and direct effect at phenotypic level only across the seasons. Fruit weight showed consistent positive and direct effect on fruit yield per plant at genotypic level. Therefore, number of fruits per plant, node number of first female flower, fruit weight, male/female ratio and specific gravity of fruits should be considered in selection criteria for improving fruit yield per plant. On the basis of high inter cluster distance and cluster mean values, Kashi Divya x CHSG-1, Kashi Divya x KSG-14, Kashi Divya x BUAT SG-1, Kashi Divya x Pusa Sneha, BUAT SG18-2 x CHSG-1, BUAT SG18-2 x PSG-9 & BUAT SG18-2 x Kashi Shreya have been found as most divergent genotype combinations with high cluster means for most of desirable traits in sponge gourd.
