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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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End date: 1996 × Start date: 1996 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Role of Hormones in Reproduction Management of Swine
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Shishir Kumar Harichandanray; Dr. A. K. Sinha
    1.Synchronized farrowing during day time on working days was possible either through intramuscular route (PG 5 mg) or IVSM route with a considerable low (1mg) dose of PG. 11. Termination of pregnancy with PG (day 111) revealed no adverse effect on piglet size or weight at birth. 111. Induced farrowed sows recorded significantly shorter weaning to fertile estrus interval. iv. Addition of oxytocin or EV to PG (5 mg) resulted in more precise farrowing (LWY) by shortening induction interval. V. Post parturient PG treatment (LWY) significantly increased piglet survivability and weight gain. Significantly shorter weaning to fertile estrus interval was recorded in the treated pigs. vi. The piglet born out of PG treated mother weaned at day 40, 45 or 50 consistently showed higher body weight than control. Vii .Application of PMSG (500 IU) alone or in combination with HCG (500 IU) at 24 hrs of weaning resulted in a significantly earlier post weaning estrus with higher CR than control. viii. Administration of HCG to sows at day 12 of service had a significant increase on piglet weight at birth.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Preliminary Studies of Aluminum In Acid soils of Bihar
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Maha Shanker Thakur; H. Sinha
    Studies in aluminum in two representative acid soils. of Bihar have been made. The soils selected for this purpose are the clay loam sedentary soils of Neterhat and sandy clay loam alluvial soils of Purnea. Both the soils contain illite as a dominant clay mineral. The total Al content of the se soils have been found to vary from 4.20 to 8.95..They bear no relation with the pH of the soils. The water soluble aluminum varies from 0.13 to 1.30 ppm. These quantities also bear no direct relationship with the pH of the soils. On the other hand, the exchangeable aluminum has a definite relationship with soil acidity. As the pH of the soil decreases, the amount of exchangeable aluminum increases. When NH4-acetate (pH 4.8) was used as extracting reagent, the exchangeable aluminum varies from 0.49 to 4.84 m.e. per cent in these soils. NKC1 extraction appeared to bear a more regular relationship in this regard. Though the amount extracted by this extract ant are quantitatively less than the NH4-acetate (pH 4.8). These studies further reveal that the acidity due to A1+++ in the permanent charge in the exchange complex is not of so great a consequence as supposed by many workers in this field.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Availability of Phosphorus in Alfisol in Bihar
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Asha Kumari Sinha; Dr. K. P. Singh
    A series of laboratory experiments with respect to phosphorus status, its relationship with important soil properties and inorganic P fractions were carried out in the soils of Pusaro series of Santhal Parganas region of Bihar Attempts have been made to characterize the soils in relation to surface P adsorption and relationship of Langmuir constants to soil properties were studied. Green house experiments were conducted to study the differential response of three pulse crops to P application. Results indicate that the soil of Pusaro series are strong to moderately acidic in reaction, poor in organic matter content with sandy loam texture. The available P (Bray P.) content of soils ranged from 0.3 to 24.0 mg kg and are categorized as of low to medium P status. Correlation studies between available phosphorus and soil properties show that soil pH has positive and significant (r= 0.358) correlation with available P. Relationship of available P with different inorganic P fractions indicate significant positive relationship with Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P and significant negative relationship with R-P. Results of P adsorption study indicate that these soils follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The phosphorus adsorption maxima varies from 260.5 to 780.6 g P g' soil while bonding energy constant ranged from 4.35 to 10.40 ppm (x103). P adsorption maxima is significantly and positively correlated with organic carbon (r= 0.463*) and clay content (r= 0.687*) of soil and related significantly and negatively with sand (r= 0.688*) and available P content (r= -0.430*) of soils. The bonding energy constant of phosphorus relates significantly and positively with organic carbon, clay, silt and available P content and negatively with sand content of soils. Results of greenhouse studies conducted on different pulse crops in Alfisols shows significant response to phosphorus, the maximum dry matter and P uptake response is observed in case of Urd. The results further show that per cent P uptake response increased upto 60 mg P ka level, thereafter it started decreasing.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physical Characterization of Acid Soil As Influenced By Crop Waste Incorporation
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Manoj Kumar; P.K.Roy
    The influence of 10t/ha of crop waste incorporation into the soil either alone or in combination with different doses of chemical fertilizers ( 50 per cent, 75 per cent an d100 per cent of the recommended dose of NPK) for a period of the last five years showed marked improvement in the physical properties of soil. The texture of the soil was clay loam in all the plots under all the treatments (Sand around 42.8 percent, slit around 27.4 percent and clay around 29.5 percent).Incorporation of crop waste alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers decreased the bulk density by about 10.45 percent, increased the total porosity by 16.24 per cent ,aeration porosity by 63.56 percent water stable aggregates greater than 0.25 mm by 27.1 per cent and geometric mean diameter by 23.13 percent as compared to control. Values of aeration porosity higher than 10 percent in all the plots(varing between 10.12 and 16.81 per cent ) compared with control (9.66per cent ) indicate that the soil was well acrated and would not adversely effect the plant growth About 14.23% increased in the moisture contenect at 0.033 NPA soil moisture tension in the plot treated with crop waste alone or in combination with chemical fertilizer around 23.84% compared with control and plot treated with chemical fertilizer along (around 20.87%) was observed..The application of chemical fertilizer ,however ,deteriorated the soil moisture retention capacity at 1.5MPa of soil moisture tension by about 17.6%. Incorporation of crop waste along or in combination with chemical fertilizers increased the profile moisture content (weighted average of 0.60cm soil depth )of soil at 21,36,51,64 and 109 days after sowing by about 15.54% as compared with control and plots treated with chemical fertilizers both having similar values crop waste increased the infiltration rate by 39.68% ,cumulative infiltration by 43.66%and hydraulic conductivity by39% over control. Depth by variation of soil temperature in the crop waste treated crop was about 4 degree c at 6am and 2 pm and about 2.5degree c at 10pm on 21 days after sowing of crop as against a higher variation in soil temperature in control and plot treat with chemical fertilizers alone(5.5degreec at 6 am and 2 pm and 3.5degree c at 10pm)a reduction of 5degree c in the diurnal variation due to incorporation of crop waste was recorded. Crop waste increased the organic carbon content of soil by 51.76%ascompared with control. The highest uptake NPK ,9(N-82.57kg ha,p-30.45kg ha,K-120.51kg ha-1)was recorded in the plots treated with 100%NPK either alone or in combination with crop waste in corporation. Highest grain and straw yield (around 27.32qha of grain and around 32.58q hectare-1 of straw.)where obtained in the plots treated with 75%NPK and 100%NPK either alone or in combination with crop waste. However, the higher leaf area index was recorded in the plots treated plots either with 100%NKP alone or in combination with crop waste.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Biology and Chemical Control of Melon Fruitfly CucarbitaeCag Infesting Bitter Gourd
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Sujit Kumar Majhi; M. K. Chakraverty
    The melon fruitfly (Dacus cucurbitae coq.)is one of the serious pest of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). The bitter gourd is widely cultivated by the farmers in and around Ranchi, the one of the most important vegetable belts of Chotanagpur region.Laboratory and field experiments were conducted in order to: 1)To study the biology of the melon fruitfly,(ii) to determine the comparative efficacy of few insecticides and botanicals against adults of melon fruitfly in laboratory , and (iii) to conduct field trial with some insecticides/ botanicals for the control of fruitfly on bitter gourd. Biological aspects of the melon fruitfly was studied by rearing D. cucurbitae under laboratory conditions. Laboratory evaluation of some insecticides and botanicals viz. endosulfan,quinalphos, malathion,fenthion, dichlorvos,fenitrothion, dimethoate and neem oil against adults of cucurbit fruit fly reared on bitter gourd was carried out. Insecticides were sprayed on small pieces of fruit fly affected bitter gourd and observations for mortality counts were recorded upto 8 hrs at an interval of 2 hrs. Dichlorvos, neem oil ,fenthion and dimethoate were found to be superior and can be recommended for control of adult fruitfly. Field trial for the control of fruit fly infesting bitter gourd by spraying thrice the same insecticides as for laboratory evaluation were also evaluated. A positive correlation between infestation and number as well as weight of fruit was evident. Lowest fruit fly attack was recorded in plots sprayed with fenthion followed by neem oil and quinalphos. Highest bitter gourd yield was also recorded from the plots sprayed with fenthion and neem oil. Considering the performance of insecticides both under laboratory and field trials, fenthion and neem oil can be recommended for the control of fruitflies infesting bitter gourd under the agro-climatic conditions of Chotanagpur.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Form of P And S in Acid Soil With Continuous Cropping And Fertilizer Use
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Chandra Jeet Kumar; Dr. K.P. Singh
    It is well recognised that the continuous use of chemical fertilizers and manures bring about changes in primary and secondary nutrient status of the soil and their physico-chemical properties. These manures & fertilizers along with the intensive cropping are expected to effect the equilibiria involving phosphorus & sulphur fractions in soil plant system. The information’s available on this subject is scanty. Keeping this in view an investigation entitled "Forms of P and S in acid soil with continuous cropping and fertilizer use". was under taken. Analysis for some physico chemical properties, total-P, total-S, available P and S content in soil and plant samples from different treatments of Long term fertilization experiment (ICAR), continuing from 1972-73 in Ranchi Agril. College, Kanke, Ranchi (Bihar), were undertaken after the harvest of Rabi crop (wheat) of the year 1994-95. Ph. and organic carbon status of soils decreased, in general, from its initial value, except treatments receiving lime and FYM. Concentration of NPK increased with increasing doses of fertilizers and with F.Y.M. both in soils and plants. The highest yield of wheat was recorded where 100% NPK fertilizers were applied with F.Y.M. which was followed by 100% NPK+Lime. The yield increased when the dose of fertilizer was increased from 50 to 100 percent of NPK, but there was no significant, increase in yield when the dose of fertilizers was increased from 100 to 150% of NPK. The lowest yield was recorded where only nitrogenous fertilizer was applied which was even lower then control where no any fertilizer was applied." The uptake of P and S was highest in 100 percent NPK+FYM+W followed by 100 percent NPK+Lime+W treated plots and the lowest in 100 percent N+W treated plots. The total P status increased in all the treatments exhibiting a -cumulative effect of P depending upon the level of its application. Maximum P was observed with FYM with 100% NPK level showing the impacts of organic matter. Different forms of P exhibited the decreasing sequence of Fe PAI-P, Ca-P, Occluded-P, solid-P, in general with the exception of lime treatment where Ca-P dominated. The total S was maximum in 100% NPK+FYM+W treated plot followed by 100% N(S) +PK+W treated plots and minimum in control plot and maximum available sulphur was recorded in sulphur applied plot ic, 100% N(S)+PK+W plots, followed by Lime treated plot ie, 100% NPK+Lime+W and minimum available Sulphur was recorded in control plot. Different forms of S exhibited decreasing sequence of or ganic-S, adsorbed-S. Minimum organic-S was recorded in 100% NPK+FYM+W treated plot ie, 97.63 percent of total-S, followed by sulphur applied plots 100% N(S)+PK+Wic, 96.25 percent of total-S and very less was observed in control plot ic 88.56 percent of total-S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Nitrogen on Grain Filling And Yield In Upland Rice
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Lakbindra Puran; A.K.Verma
    It is rather difficult to give definite conclusion on the basis of one year’s experimental data. An attempt , however has been made to draw broad indications under the conditions of present experimentation. On the basis of the results obtained the following conclusion can be drawn. The variety Birsa Gora 102 gave highest yield at 45 Kg/N/ha (applied as three equal splits i.e. 1/3at sowing and 1/3 after 48 days of sowing)followed by BD 106 under upland condition of Bihar plateau.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect Nitrogen Phosphorus and Potash on the Growth and Yield Coriander
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Ravindra Kumar; B.M. Chowdhary
    Coriander ( coriandrum sativum) is one of the most important spice crops grown widely in India. In Bihar, particularly in Ranchi area, coriander is grown for green purpose and recently for seed yield also. It has tremendous production potentially and the production can be increased to a great extent by judicious cultural practices and optimum use of manures and fertilizers. The experiment entitled Effect of NPK on the growth and yield of coriander was conducted during winter season of 1994-95 at vegetable section of horticulture Garden under the faculty of Agriculture ,Birsa Agriculture university,Kanke ,Ranchi.The experiment was conducted in Randomised Block Design having twenty seven treatment, replicated three times with a objective to ascertain the proper dose of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash.The concentreation of treatments wereN0,N50,N100,P0.P30,P60 and K0,K20,K40 Kg/ha. The half of nitrogen and full amount of phosphorus and potash were applied as basal dose, at the time of sowing. The remaining half of nitrogen was applied as top dressing after 70 days of sowing. Results revealed that coriander yield vegetative and reproductive is influenced by the fertility status of the soil. At the time of harvesting, maximum plant height 126.86 cm. number of branch 7.33 and spread of plant 60.46 were observed for the combination of NPK 100:30:20,100:30:0,100:30:0 and 100:60:0 kg/ha respectively .Days to first flowering,50%flowering and first fruiting from the date of sowing were found to be significantly lower for must of the treatments over control. The nitrogen was found to initiate earlier flowering and fruiting compared to other nutrients (P&K).Number of umbels per plant was observed ,maximum 158.73 for 100:30:0 and minimum in control 47.06 ).Number of bunch per umbel was found to be maximum 7.00 for100:60:20 Kg/ha and minimum in control(5.33).Number of flowers per bunch was significantly affected by all the treatment combination except five 0:30:20, 0:60:20,0:60:40 and 50:0:0kg NPK per ha. Seed yield per plant was found significantly higher for all the treatments over control, except 0:30:0, 0:30:20, 0:30:40, 0:60:0, 0:60:20 and 0:60:40NPK Kg/ha which did not increase yield significantly. Maximum yield per plot and per ha was found in the case of treatment getting NPK, 100:30:0 kg/ha(20.67qt/ha).All the treatments were found to be significantly superior to control, except the treatment 0:0:20(N:P:K).The highest benefit/cost ratio(4.80:1) was obtained in coriander by use of N100 P30 K0. Based on these observation judicious use of 100kgN/ha+30Kgp/ha +0KgK/Ha application is suggested for maximum growth and yield of coriander cultivation. However potash may be added, if these oil is deficient.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on Genetic Variability in Fenugreek (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.)
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Mukesh Kumar; B.M.Chowdhary
    Non availability of suitable cultivars is the major bottle neck in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- gracum L.) cultivation and improvement in the plateau region of Bihar. To find out the suitable genotype for this plateau region of the basis of yield performance variability an correlation studies the present experiment was designed in the vegetable Research section of the Department of Horticulture, B.A U., Kanke Ranchi during the Rabi season of 1994-95. Among the twelve fenugreek genotypes tested, CF-390 produced the highest yield (21.89q/ha followed by UM-143 (21.09q/ha), Um-144 (18.28q/ha), J. Fenu -148 (18.09q/ha) and Ranchi local-II (17.21 q/ha. The lowest yield was observed in the genotype Kasuri methi (10.48q/ha). A wide range of phenotypic variability was noticed for the character viz. days to maturity yield per plot height of plant days to fruiting days to flower initiation. The maximum value of coefficient of variation was in weight of roots (20.56) and the minimum was in days to maturity (1.12). Higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for number of pods per plants (168.79 and 168.57) ,thousand seeds weight (31.18 and 31.07), number of seeds per pod (28.00 and 26.22) and yield per plant (23.12 and 18.1). The estimate of heritability (in broad sense) was highest in number of pods per plant (99.74%), followed by thousand seeds weight (99.27%) and lowest for plant girth (13.04%).The genetic advance was highest for number of pods per plant 9346.70) followed by 1000 seeds weight (63.76).Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation indicated that phenotypic coefficient of variations were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation which were of comparable magnitude. Association analysis revealed that yield of fenugreek positively and significantly correlates with plant height (0.706*), pod length (0.685*) seeds per pod (0.687*) Considering yield performance variability and association studies the genotypic , Cf -390 and Um-143 may be recommended for cultivation in this plateau region.