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Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Ayodhya
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ThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of paddy cultivation in Ambedkar Nagar District of Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-07-05) Verma, Saurabh; Singh, K.K.Paddy is most prominent crop among the food crops of India and is likely to be continued to dominant in future also. The highest percentage of people in country are engaged in the processing and marketing of paddy. The random cum purposive sampling technique were used to select District, Block, Village and the sample farmers, Ambedkar nagar District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh At first was selected purposively of the to avoid the operational inconvenience of the investigator with a list of all 9 blocks of Ambedkar nagar district of Eastern Uttar Pradesh along with area of paddy was undertaken block wise and the one of the block namely Tanda was selected purposively for this study. A list of village growing paddy in selected block was from official record and five villages having reasonable higher area under paddy were was obtained selected randomly for study. A list of all the cultivator of each selected villages were prepared along with their size of the operational holding and then it was arranged in ascending order on the basis of holding size. The cultivators were classified into three categories viz. below 1 ha. (marginal), 1- 2 ha. (small), and 2-4 ha (medium). Finally 100 farmers were selected randomly from five selected villages. The study reveals that per farm average investment on overall farms recorded to Rs.319642.70 In cropping pattern paddy covers 36.79 per cent to total cropped area and the cropping intensity was 193.00 per cent shows inverse relation with the size of holding. Per hectare cost of cultivation shows negative relation with size of holding as it was maximum of Rs. 39111.01 on small farms. On all farms per quintal cost of production overall was found to Rs.589.298 and productivity was 51.27 quintal per hectare. Five variables namely seed. machinery charges manure and fertilizer, irrigation charges and human labour were considered work-out the resource use efficiency. These three factors had positive role in production of paddy on all size groups of farms and two factor had negative role in the production of paddy. The value of M.V.P. to factor costs was found both( positive and negative) indicating the positive factor that, there is further scope to increase the investment on these factors to realize return more than the cost. In case of paddy cultivation Labour problems Technical, Irrigation, Seed problems, and financial problems. The following suggestion were made viz, to establish sound irrigation facilities, at farm level, HYV of seed to be used along with timely sowing and improved agricultural implements, liquidity of crop loan through Kisan Credit Card be available without delay.ThesisItem Open Access Economic study on Zaid Pulse Crops grown in Auraiya district of Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-09-03) Sengar, Vikas Singh; Singh, K.K.Present study entitled “Economic study on Zaid Pulse Crops grown in Auraiya District of Uttar Pradesh” Multistage stratified purposive cum random sampling technique was applied for the selection of district, block, villages as well as respondents. The primary data were collected through survey method with the help of personal interview. A list of all the villages falling under both selected blocks Auraiya and Ajeetmal were prepared and five villages each were randomly selected from every block. . The farmers were stratified into three strata viz. Marginal (below 1ha.), Small (1-2 ha.), and Medium (2-4ha.). Ultimately 100 respondents were selected for conducting the detailed study. The data pertained to the agricultural year 2020-21. Both tabular and functional techniques were used for analysis of data. Present study based on randomly selected respondents of marginal, small and medium categories with average size of land holding as 0.79, 1.81 and 3.36 hectare, respectively. Cropping pattern of sample farms for black gram per cent area to gross cultivated area shows decreasing trend with increasing size of farms and Intensity of cropping showed decreasing trend with increasing size of farms. Investment on farm assets per farm was positively associated with size of farms and investment on per hectare was negatively associated with size of farms. Costs of cultivation per hectare increased with farm size but income major had inverse relationship with size of holding, manures and fertilizers and irrigation found statistically significant on most of the farm size. MVP were more than one in all the cases except few which indicate the further chance of investment on variable inputs to get the additional income. From investigation in aggregate measures calculated for financial efficiency has shown the farm business income of marginal farms was seen to be more profitable than small and medium farms. In case of black gram the higher marketing efficiency obtained 98.35 followed by 23.64 and lowest 11.41 in channel I, followed by channel II and channel III respectively. In case of green gram the higher marketing efficiency obtained 98.11 followed by 22.02 and lowest 8.91 in channel I, followed by channel II and channel III respectively. In this context of our new economic policy, zaid pulse crops black gram and green gram may be encouraged as a focus area for diversification of agriculture. It has great potential of generating higher income per unit area and time besides, earning foreign exchange through higher export of black gram and green gram products. For trapping full potentials, there is need to develop such strategy which may provide strong production base and export opportunities for black gram and green gram products. It calls for a determined policy to integrate production, marketing and export.ThesisItem Open Access Study on present scenario of production and marketing of Aonla (Gooseberry) and its products in Pratapgarah district of Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, 2021-09-10) Ahmad, Riyaz; Singh, K.K.The present study entitled “Study on present scenario of production and Marketing of Aonla (Gooseberry) and its products in Pratapgarah district of Uttar Pradesh.” A multistage purposive cum random sampling was used to select the district, development blocks, Villages and the cultivators. The distribution of diversified area under crops and vegetable occupied 54.54 per cent followed by area under aonla orchard 35.51 per cent and area under other trees 9.95 per cent. On an average, size of holding and cropping intensity came to 2.24 hectare and 158.98 per cent, respectively and it was negatively correlated. On an average per farm and per hectare investment on fixed capital came to Rs. 374693.18 and Rs. 167273.74, respectively. On an average per annum, per hectare total cost came to Rs. 48728.92 during fruiting period of which highest cost for 6 to 12 years category i.e. Rs. 65040.92 because it include the gestation period cost. The Cobb-Douglas type of production function was used because it was best fit to the data. An analysis of processing cost per quintal for different aonla products revealed that the average processing cost of aonla Morabba, aonla pickle and aonla chutany came to Rs. 7375.61, Rs. 8388.05 and Rs. 7649.51 per quintal, respectively. Producer’s share in consumer’s rupee came to 98.58 per cent, 86.05 per cent, 84.49 per cent and 83.25 per cent for channels, I, II, III and IV respectively. The contractor’s net margin came to 2.65 per cent and 4.30 per cent for channels III and IV respectively. The wholesaler’s net margin came to 2.41 per cent, 2.39 per cent and 3.73 per cent for channel II, III and IV respectively. Retailer’s net margin came to 2.49 per cent and 2.11 per cent for channel II and III. The price spread came to 1.42 per cent, 13.95 per cent and 15.51 per cent for channels I, II and III, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access Economics of Production and Marketing of paddy in Faizabad District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT,KUMARGANJ,AYODHYA, 2013-08-01) Singh, Sudhir Kumar; Verma, Rajit RamPaddy (Oryza sativa L.) belongs to the family Poaceae. It is the staple food of more than 60 per cent of the world’s population and for three fourth of the Indian population. It is likely to be continued to dominant in future also. In the world, paddy ranks first in terms of both area and production it occupies 154.00 million hectares with an annual production of 600.00 million tonnes with the productivity of 3.9 tonnes/ hectares during 2010 (Subba Rao et al., 2010). In India, paddy also ranks first by means of both area and production it occupies an area of 44.1 million hectares with annual production 131.3 million tonnes with productivity 3.0 tonnes/hectares during 2010. India ranks second only after the China in production. In Uttar Pradesh paddy occupies around 5.34 mha with production of 9.95 million tonnes having productivity 1.79 tonnes/ hectare (Anonymous, 2009). In Faizabad district paddy is grown in 95675 hectare producing 20, 34,050.5 metric tonnes with 21.26 quintals per hectare of yield (Statistical bulletin, Faizabad, 2008-09). To ensure the Farmers adequate returns on their surplus produce marketing also become important. Three stage stratified random sampling technique were used to selected the sample farmers. Faizabad District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh was selected purposively to avoid the operational inconvenience of the investigator. A list of all the 11 block in Faizabad district of Eastern U.P. were prepared and arranged in descending order of area under paddy. The one block namely Milkipur having highest area in paddy were production in Faizabad district was selected randomly for the study. A list of village growing paddy in selected block was obtained from efficient record and five villages having reasonable higher area under paddy were selected for study. A list of all the cultivator of each selected villages were prepared along with their size of the agricultural holding and then it was arranged in ascending order on the basis of holding size. The cultivators were classified into four categories viz. below 1 hectare (marginal), 1- 2 ha (small), 2- 4 ha (medium) and 4 ha and above (large). Finally hundred farmers were selected randomly from five selected villages.ThesisItem Open Access Production And Marketing of Maize in Auraiya District Of Western U.P.(ANDUAT,KUMARGANJ,AYODHYA, 2015-07-06) Shishodiya, Bholendra Singh; Singh, K.K.Maize is the third most important crop in the India next to wheat and rice. It is one of the most miracle cereal crop in the world. It has very high yield potential. In the country, maize is considered and consumed as nutritious and testy human food. Several food dishes including chapattis are prepared out of maize flour and grain. Green cobs are roasted and eaten by people with great interest. The area production and productivity of maize in India during 2013-14 were 7.5 mha, 23 mts and 2.5 ma/ts, respectively (USDA, Directorate of economics and statistics, department of agriculture and cooperation) District Auraiya and block Sahar of western UP were selected purposively. A list of all the respondents of each selected village was prepared along with their size of holding and then it was arranged in ascending order according to their size of operational holdings. The farmers were classified into four size group viz. – (1) Marginal (L<1 ha), (2) small (1-<2 ha), (3) medium (2-<3 ha) and (4) large (3 hectare and above). Finally 100 farmers were selected following the proportionate random sampling technique from five selected villages. The study period pertains to agricultural year 2013 – 14.ThesisItem Open Access Economics of wheat cultivation in Ballia District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT,KUMARGANJ,AYODHYA, 2015-07-02) SINGH, Ravi Pratap; Kushwaha, R.R.Wheat is one of the important crop in U.P. as well as in India. It ranks IInd in production in the world. India has been second largest producer of wheat after china. Globally wheat is grown in 122 countries over an area of 222.6 million hectare and producing nearly 716.1 million tonnes during 2013-14. In India it produces about 95.91 million tonnes of wheat from an area of 31.2 million hectares with an average yield of 3.08 tonnes /ha (2013-14). Uttar Pradesh ranks first in terms of both area and production of wheat contributing about 34.42 per cent of national production (30.24 million tonnes) having the area 99.56 million hectare is much lower as compared to Punjab and Haryana. In Ballia district of U.P. wheat occupies an area of 136346 hectares, with total production of 443134 metric tonnes (District statistical bulletin, 2013). District Ballia was purposively selected and the block Pandah having highest acreage under wheat was selected purposively for the study. List of the villages from selected block were prepared along with acreage under wheat cultivation and 5 villages were selected randomly for study. In all 100 number of farmers were selected proportionally from each category of farmers and classified into three categories i.e. marginal (below 1 ha), small (1-2 ha), medium (2-3 ha & above). The data were collected by personal interview technique with the help of pre-tested structured schedule.ThesisItem Open Access Economics of Existing Marketing Channels, Marketing Leakages and Efficiency of Cereals and Oilseeds in Azamgarh District of Eastern U.P.(ANDUAT, 2020) Yadav, Ram Singh; Kushwaha, R.R.AddThesisItem Open Access Economics of poultry farming and its product marketing in Gorakhpur district of eastern Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT, 2020) Chaudhary, Baijnath; Verma, R.R.AddThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of Sugarcane cultivation in Sultanpur district of eastern Uttar Pradesh(ANDUAT, 2020) Mishra, Avinash; Kushwaha, R.R.Add