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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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Author: Malik, Mahmuda × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR PATHOMORPHOLOGY AND IMMUNODIAGNOSIS OF PPR IN GOATS IN ASSAM
    (AAU, 2016) Malik, Mahmuda; Rahman, Taibur
    Peste des petits ruminants is an acute viral disease of small ruminants caused by genus Morbillivirus and family Paramyxoviridae. The disease is characterized by fever, oculo-nasal discharges, stomatitis, diarrhoea and pneumonia. The present study was undertaken to observe the detailed pathology of the disease in natural cases with application of different diagnostic techniques viz., gross pathology, histopathology, ultrastructural study, histoenzymic study, cell culture study, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and PCR technique . An experimental study was also conducted to study the progression of the disease in goats. In the present study a total of four outbreaks of PPR was attended and the experiment of the diseases was conducted in twelve animals, of which six were kept as control and the rest were treated with PPR antigen. Animals suspected of PPR in field condition showed various clinical signs, like oculo nasal discharge, erosive lesion at the muco-cutaneous junction, dyspnea, greenish diarrhoea and heavy mortality. A thorough necropsy examination revealed gross erosive lesions in the oral cavity, congestion and consolidation of the lungs, linear haemorrhage in the intestine, petechial haemorrhage on the spleen, swollen edematous lymph nodes and congestion in the brain. Histopathological study revealed necrosis, desquamation and ulcer formation on the epithelium lining the tongue and lips. Degeneration and depletion of lymphoid cells in the follicles of lymph node and spleen with presence of syncytia formation. Lungs showed broncho-interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickening of inter alveolar septa with infiltration by macrophages, lymphocytes, fibrosis and a few giant cells. Hyperplasia of the bronchial epithial epithelium with presence of both eosiniphilic intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies in the hyperplastic cells and in the desquamated bronchial and alveolar epithelium. Denudation of the intestinal villi with presence of infiltrating cells, glandular necrosis and depletion of peyer’s patches were present. Ultra structural study showed loss of the normal cell architecture with margination of chromatin in the nucleus. At higher magnification a large number of virion-like particles which appeared as electron dense bodies with a clear halo surrounding them were seen in the cytoplasm of cell. Histoenzymic study revealed mild lactate dehydrogenase activity in the degenerated cells of lymph node, spleen and in the tip of the hyperplastic bronchial epithelium. While intense alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the affected lung and follicles of lymph node. Cell culture study showed development of cytopathic effects viz., rounding of cell, syncytia formation and elongation in a few cells with presence of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Indirect immunofluorescence antibody test showed emission of apple green fluorescence emitting from the cytoplasm of the affected cells. Experimental studies of PPR infection in goats showed development of clinical sign viz., oculo-nasal discharge, fever, coughing, diarrhea, emaciation and eventually death. Gross and histopathological changes were almost similar to the lesions observed in natural cases. The ultra structural, histoenzymic, cell culture and indirect immunofluorescence studies were performed and the results observed were also similar to that of the natural cases. The haemato-biochemical study of the experimental animals revealed a lower level of total serum protein, with higher level of serum ALT and AST. Haematological study showed an increase in TEC, Hb and PCV, and a decrease in TLC and DLC.