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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20223
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Subject: Veterinary Surgery and Radiology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diagnosis and treatment of spinal affections in dogs and cats
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Das, Shantishree; Singh, Chandan Kumar
    A total of 3130 dogs and 533 cats were presented in the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology and Surgery Out Patient Department (SOPD), Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara during the period from 1st November 2021 to 31st July 2022. Overall incidence of spinal affections 0.73 percentage and 1.68 percentage was recorded in dogs and cats respectively. Incidence of spinal affections in male dogs (65.22 percentage) and in female cats (66.66 percentage) was highest. Non-descript dogs (30.43 percentage) and cats (88.88 percentage) were found to highly prone to spinal affections. Motor vehicle accident (30.43 percentage) and dog bites (44.44 percentage) was found to be the prime cause of spinal trauma in dogs and cats respectively. Thoracolumbar region was found to be at highest risk. Out of the total spinal affection cases presented, 13 dogs and 5 cats were taken under current study. The animals were evaluated clinically on the basis of physiological, Orthopedic and neurological examination. Survey and contrast radiography was taken for confirmation of the spinal affections. After confirmation, 7 dogs and 2 cats were treated conservatively out of which 2 dogs (28.57 percentage) and 1 cat (50 percentage) showed neurological recovery, whereas, 6 dogs and 3 cats were treated surgically (with pedicle screws, spinal stapling and hemilaminectomy) out of which 1 dog (16.66 percentage) and 2 cats (66.67 percentage) showed neurological recovery followed by physiotherapy using TENS, infrared light and hot fomentation. At 20th day post-treatment there was an insignificant rise in ALP concentration of dogs and cats which could be due to inflammatory phage of healing, osteoblastic activity and administration of the steroids. The mean value of LDH concentration was found to be highly significant. CSF was collected via cisternal tap and evaluated chemically, macroscopically and microscopically. Neutrophils were observed in high number at the reporting time. Animals reported within 24 hours of affection with intact deep pain reflex showed better recovery. So, earlier the case presented, better is the recovery.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diagnosis of canine heart diseases with special reference to transthoracic echocardiography
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Das, Rimjhim; Kalita, Dwijen
    A total of 14050 dogs were registered; out of which 88 dogs were suspected for heart diseases based on clinical manifestations and 38 dogs with overall incidence rate of 0.27% were diagnosed with various heart diseases based on thoracic radiography, electrocardiography and two-dimensional, M-mode and colour-flow Doppler echocardiography. The incidence of cardiac affections were found to be highest in Labrador Retriever (39.47%), male dogs (63.15%), age group of >6-9 years (31.57%). Radiographically 20 dogs were diagnosed with cardiac affections and found Pleural effusion with highest occurrence (23.68%), followed by left sided cardiomegaly (21.05%) and right sided cardiomegaly (7.89%). Electrocardiographically 30 dogs were diagnosed positive for cardiac affections with highest occurrence of Sinus bradycardia (23.68%) followed by P-mitrale (18.42%), ventricular hypertrophy and pericardial effusion (7.89% each), 1st degree AV block, Ppulmonale and myocardial disease (5.26% each), ventricular septal enlargement and atrial fibrillation (2.63% each). However, transthoracic echocardiography was taken as gold standard diagnostic modality with which 38 dogs were diagnosed positive for heart diseases. The most frequently diagnosed cardiac disease using 2D-mode, M-mode were Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) (47.36%), Left atrial (LA) enlargement (15.78%), Pericardial effusion, Left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) hypertrophy (7.89%) and Right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy(5.26%). With Doppler mode echocardiography the occurrence of Mitral valve insufficiency was found to be highest (65.78%) followed by Tricuspid valve insufficiency (52.63%) and aortic valve insufficiency (10.52%). The haematological parameters i.e. TEC, TLC, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and Hb and biochemical parameters i.e. SGPT, SGOT, BUN, Creatinine, Total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium revealed non-significant (p>0.05) role in diagnosis of cardiac affections in dogs. However, serum calcium and non-specific LDH appeared to be significantly (p≤0.05) influenced by occurrence of heart disease and both the parameters were found reliable for diagnosis of heart diseases. The serum Ca and non specific LDH can be used together in combination to improve the efficacy of diagnosis for cardiac affections. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of thoracic radiography was found to be 58.82%, 76.19% and 65.45% respectively upon taking echocardiography as gold standard diagnostic method. Whereas, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of electrocardiography was found to be 81.08 %, 60% and 76.60% respectively. Based on the present study electrocardiography was found to be more efficient in diagnosis of heart diseases for dogs in comparison to thoracic radiography. However, transthoracic echocardiography using two-dimensional, m-mode and colour-doppler has been found to be the most efficient diagnostic modality in diagnosis of heart diseases in dogs as 43.18% (n=38) were diagnosed positive out of 88 suspected cases for heart disease presented during the study period.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ultrasound guided epidural analgesia for perioperative pain management in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy operation
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022) Mahanta, Bindiya; Nath, Parsha Jyoti
    The current study aimed at assessing the efficacy of Morphine and Buprenorphine as perioperative analgesics administered epidurally via a US guided lumbosacral approach in bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Eighteen healthy female Pariah dogs of 1-4 years of age were selected that presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology and Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Guwahati. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups viz. Group A, Group B, Group C with 6 animals in each group. The animals of Group A and Group B were administered Morphine @ 0.1mg/kg b.wt and Buprenorphine @4μg /kg b.wt single dose epidurally under ultrasonographic guidance before the start of the operation. The animals of Group C were kept as control for the study without any analgesic till the end of observation period. Ultrasonographic visualization of epidural space was done by using the ultrasound probe in sagittal position. The lumbosacral intervertebral space could be accurately identified using ultrasonography. Successful deposition of analgesic into the epidural space was possible in animals of different body conditions. The physiological parameters were recorded at 0min, 15mins, 30mins, 45mins, 60mins, 75mins, 90mins and 120mins post epidural administration. The heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature and mean arterial pressure had significant variation (p<0.01) between the groups whereas oxygen concentration expressed significant variation between time intervals. All physiological parameters were found to be within physiological reference range in the study. The assessment of pain was done by using Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale- Short Form (CMPS-SF). The pain assessment was done preoperatively and postoperatively at 0 min, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The CMPS-SF scores showed a significant (p<0.01) increase from baseline scores in the post operative period in all the groups at 3 hours postoperatively which gradually declined towards the end of the observation period. The animals in treatment groups had significantly lower pain scores postoperatively than the animals in the control group. The haematological and biochemical parameters were studied preoperatively and postoperatively at 0 min, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. Haemoglobin and packed cell volume varied non-significantly between different groups but changed significantly between time intervals. Total erythrocyte count increased significantly 12 hours post-operatively. Blood glucose and plasma cortisol concentration varied significantly (p<0.01) at 3 hours post operatively in all groups. The blood glucose levels of Group A and Group B were lower compared to Group C. The cortisol levels of Group B and Group C were comparable in the initial post-operative phase which declined gradually towards the end. The blood glucose levels expressed an increasing trend while the cortisol levels presented a decreasing trend towards the end of the study period in Group C. Alkaline Phosphatase levels expressed non-significant variation in the observation period in all groups. From the study it could be concluded that, ultrasonographic detection aided in identification of lumbosacral epidural space and deposition of analgesics which helped produce long lasting analgesia with Morphine providing better analgesia in the initial post-operative phase, which was comparable to buprenorphine for providing long lasting analgesia.