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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20223
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Subject: Veterinary Physiology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Strategy for development of stem cell like embryonic fibroblast cells
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Das, Prerana; Nath, Nikhil Ch
    Fibroblast cells are the type of cells that play an important role in the formation of connective tissue. The use of fibroblast cell is versatile, for e.g., demonstration of avian viruses, feeder cells, production of vaccines, preservation of genetic resources etc. In this present study, duck embryonic fibroblast cells were isolated, cultured, and sub-cultured up to six passages. The cells were grown in four culture media i.e., Medium 1(MEM), Medium 2(MEM+IGF-1), Medium 3 (MEM+10% FBS), Medium 4 (MEM+10% FBS+IGF-1). In serum and serum-free media the time required for the cells to attain 70% confluence in primary culture was 84.667±.0.152 hours and 111.867±0.161 hours respectively. The cells grown in medium containing serum showed better results than cells grown in serum-free medium. The time taken to reach 70% confluence in 6th passage in Medium 2 and Medium 4 which are IGF-1 supplemented are 94.583±0.217 hours and 62.167±0.096 hours respectively whereas time taken in Medium 1 and Medium 3 which are IGF-1 free media are 95.350±0.039 hours and 62.667±0.152 hours respectively. Therefore, the cells grown in IGF-1 supplemented media showed significant difference compared than the rest of the culture media (p≤0.01). Morphologically, the cells showed characteristic spindle shape, turgor vitalis cytoplasm, centrally located nuclei and flame-like pattern up to the sixth passage. The viability assessment was carried out in first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth sub-culture and the viability percentage of the cells in six different sub-cultures were 89.843±0.108, 91.427±0.082, 91.228±0.081, 91.867±0.079, 92.231±0.073, 93.431±0.069 in the case of Medium 1, 90.425± 0.085, 92.358± 0.124, 93.692±0.084, 93.982 ±0.282, 94.625 ±0.089, 94.892 ±0.096 in the case of Medium 2, 89.145 ±0.263, 90.482±0.09, 91.643±0.143, 92.713±0.186, 93.460±0.079, 94.543±0.074 in Medium 3, and 88.597±0.132, 89.387±0.143, 90.552±0.101, 91.423±0.078, 93.077±0.140, 93.077±0.140 in Medium 4. The viability percentage between the passages was significantly different (p≤0.01). However, the viability of the cells was better from the second subculture compared to primary cultures. The pluripotency of the cells was observed by immunostaining using NANOG antibody, a pluripotent marker that is expressed in embryonic stem cells. It was observed that cells showed positive for NANOG at every subculture depicting their pluripotent nature.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological effect of cryoprotectants in freezing of embryonic fibroblast cells
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Toufiki, Faijun; Bora, Arundhati
    Fibroblast cells are the most common cells of connective tissue and form structural framework. In the present study duck embryonic fibroblast cells were developed up to third subcultures and were cryopreserved in three freezing media consisting of freezing medium 1 (10% DMSO), freezing medium 2 (0.9 M Trehalose) and freezing medium 3 (10% DMSO+ 0.09 M Trehalose in 1:1). The cells conforming the morphologically characteristics of fibroblast like typical fusiform shape, turgor vitalis cytoplasm, centrally located nuclei and flame like migration pattern were used for the experiment. The effect of cryoprotectant at equilibration and at different time of post thaw was assessed by their viability and post thaw characteristics. Trypan blue is an azo-based hydrophilic, tetra sulfonated blue acid dye which is used to determine the number of viable cells present in a cell suspension. A viable cell will have clear cytoplasm and non-viable cell will have a blue cytoplasm. The viability percentage before cryopreservation the viability of the duck fibroblast was 90.75±0.047. For freezing medium 1 (10% DMSO), the viability percentage at equilibration was found to be 89.75±0.047 and subsequently at 7 days 89.61±0.064, at 14 days 89.30±0.035, at 21 days 89.06 ±0.011, at 28 days 89.69±0.14. For freezing medium 2 (0.9 M trehalose), the viability percentage at equilibration was found to be 87.69±0.82 subsequently at 7 days 86.73±0.14, at 21 days 86.42±0.04, and at 28 days 86.00±0.06. The viability percentage was significantly higher (p<0.05) in freezing medium 3 (10% DMSO+0.9 M Trehalose in 1:1) followed by freezing medium 1 (10% DMSO) and freezing medium 2 (0.9 M trehalose). For freezing medium 3 (10% DMSO + 0.9 M Trehalose in 1:1), the viability percentage was found to be at equilibration 90.39±0.084 and subsequently at 7 days 89.78±0.068, at 14 days 89.78± 0.068, at 21 days 89.71 ± 0.13, at 28 days 89.68±0.021 respectively. The revival of freezing media 3 (10% DMSO + 0.9 M Trehalose in 1:1) was found to be at 24 hours 14.12±1.65, at 48 hours 26.44±1.93, at 72 hours 40.44±2.27, at 84 hours 50.64±2.89, at 96 hours 59.32 ±0.23. For freezing media 1 (10% DMSO) the confluency was found to be at 24 hours 17.68±0.97, at 48 hours 32.32±0.99, at 72 hours 43.12±1.12, at 84 hours 49.56±0.18 and at 96 hours 59.28±0.14. For freezing media 2 (0.9 M trehalose) the revivability was found to be 24 hours 9.72±0.08, at 48 hours 14.84±1.14, at 72 hours 25.20±1.20, at 84 hours 44.56±0.30, at 96 hours 53.76±0.10. The confluency of freezing medium 3 was significantly higher (p<0.05) found better than freezing medium 1 and freezing medium 2. Found that both intracellular and extracellular cryoprotectant which may favor the normal physiological process at equilibration and at thawing. NANOG, a noble pluripotent marker was found to be present in the developed fibroblast cells as well as after cryopreservation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Monitoring certain physiobiochemical parameters of post weaned crossbred kids raised under three different climate resilient housing system
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Patgiri, Dhiman; Dutta, Arup
    The present experiment was conducted to study the growth and physio-biochemical performances of post-weaned (90 days) female crossbred kids (Beetal × Assam Hill Goat) kept under three different climate resilient housing system (i.e., Shed-A, Shed-B and Shed-C) from weaning (90 days) till the attainment of puberty. A total of 21 numbers of post-weaned (90 days) female crossbred kids (Beetal × Assam Hill Goat), maintained in intensive care of management and fed a uniform ration in accordance to ICAR, 2013 feeding standard were randomly divided into three groups of average equal body weight having 7 animals in each group and housed in three different housing system which differed in terms of their ventilation system, materials used, colour, ground clearance etc. Temperature, relative humidity and THI of the ambient surrounding and inside the three sheds were recorded thrice daily viz., morning, afternoon and evening hours during the experimental period and it was found that temperature and THI varied significantly among the ambient surrounding and the three Sheds with lowest temperature and THI recorded in the Shed-B i.e., having side ventilation with walls and floor made of bamboo material. The physiological parameters related to thermal stress viz., respiratory rate, pulse rate and rectal temperature were recorded at alternate days in the morning hours during the experimental period and statistical analysis revealed significant differences (P<0.01) in those parameters with the lowest value recorded in the Shed having the lowest THI. The body weight measurement was done at fifteen days (Fortnightly) interval and statistical analysis revealed significant differences (P<0.01) in the body weight of the animals in the different housing system and the housing system having lowest THI showed highest body weight gain (9.75±0.24 Kg) compared to the animals of other housing systems. Similarly, the age of attainment of puberty was attained by close monitoring of the animals for signs of puberty and statistical analysis revealed significant differences (P<0.01) in the age of attainment of puberty with the lowest age (200.43±5.96 Days) of attainment of puberty was found in animals reared in the system having the lowest THI value. Blood samples were collected at fifteen days (Fortnightly) interval for the analysis of certain haemato-biochemical parameters. Statistical analysis revealed non-significant differences in the Hb, RBC, Glucose and SOD concentrations. Although, there was an apparent decrease in the SOD (1.25±0.03 u/g) concentration in the housing system having lowest THI value. The PCV concentration showed significant differences (P<0.01) among the various housing system with the minimum PCV (18.86 ±0.16 %) value was recorded in the animals housed in the Shed having lowest THI. Analysis of variance revealed that the Cortisol, T3 and T4 concentration showed significant differences (P<0.01) among the animals housed in the different housing system. Thereby it can be seen that housing system having strong implication on various physiobiochemical parameters of an animal and also has the potential to ameliorate the effect of thermal stress on animal.