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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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2018 - 20192
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Subject: Veterinary Physiology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    OPTIMIZATION OF CULTURE MEDIA FOR IN-VITRO BOVINE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT: GROWTH FACTORS AND SERUM INFLUENCES
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2019-07) BAISHYA, DIPANNITA; Bora, Arundhati
    The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of certain growth factors (EGF, IGF-1and their combination) and serum influences on possible potentialization of culture media for in vitro cattle embryo development. In experiment I, 224 nos. of cattle ovaries were collected. The mean number ovarian follicles recovered per type-I ovary were 5.30 which was significantly higher (P≤0.001) than the corresponding values 3.27 of the type-II ovaries. The mean recovery of cumulus oocyte complexes per type-I ovary was 3.41 and the corresponding value was 1.67 in type-II ovaries. Two different types of maturation and culture media viz: SBMM (Serum Basic Maturation Media) containing modifiedTCM-199+ serum (10%,Fetal Bovine Serum)+ Sodium pyruvate + glutamine + gentamicin + pFSH + hMG inj+ E2 (estradiol), SFBMM(Serum Free Basic Maturation Media) containing modified TCM-199 + PVP + BSA + Sodium pyruvate+ L-glutamine+ p FSH+ gentamicin + hMG inj+ E2 (estradiol), SBCM (Serum Basic culture media): mCR2aa stock +10%FBS+ Gentamicin, SFBCM (Serum Free Basic Culture Media) containing mCR2aa stock+ BSA-V+ PVP+ Gentamicin were used for in vitro maturation and in vitro culture of the oocytes. EGF (30ng) and IGF-1 (100ng) were added in maturation media as well as embryo culture media singly and in combination in both the groups of media. Frozen bull semen straws of proven fertility were used and prepared for in vitro capacitation by density gradient method using B.O. media. The results revealed a significant (P<0.05) increase in maturation rate in serum supplemented media than serum free media (75.43± 3.25 vs 64.20 ±3.77) based on cumulus cells expansion. The cleavage percentages of serum supplemented culture media was found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than serum free culture media (70.33±3.21 vs 55.81±4.33). In experiment -2: A total of 318 nos. of ovaries were collected with a recovery of 65 per cent culturable oocytes, representing 6.5 COCs per ovary. Growth factors EGF (30ng/ml), IGF-1 (100ng/ml) and their combination (EGF+IGF-1) were used in serum basic and serum free basic maturation and culture media for the study. There was no significant difference in respect of maturation, fertilization and embryonic development between EGF supplemented, IGF-1 supplemented and their combination (EGF+IGF-1) in serum and serum free basic culture media. However, when compared with the results of serum free basic maturation media supplemented with 30ng EGF and serum basic maturation media without EGF, the mean in vitro maturation percentage based on extrusion of polar body were found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) in supplemented media than the serum basic maturation media (70.00±14.49 vs 54.17±7.19). Similarly, when comparison was made with IGF-1 supplemented serum free basic maturation media with serum basic maturation media without IGF-1, the in vitro maturation percentage based on cumulus cells was found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than serum basic maturation media (67.27±6.33 vs 75.43±3.25). However, in case of serum free basic maturation media supplemented with 30ng EGF+100ng IGF-1, the mean in vitro maturation percentage based on extrusion of polar body was significantly higher (P<0.05) than serum basic maturation media (80.00±10.33vs 54.17±7.19). The efficacy of EGF supplemented serum free basic culture media and serum basic culture media in respect of cleavage and early embryonic development was comparable at cleavage (2-cell) and blastocyst stage, while significantly higher (P<0.05) values were observed in 4 cell (57.14±4.83 vs 47.25±4.86), 8 cell (45.71± 4.83vs 31.87± 4.99) 16 cell (37.14±4.72 vs 20.88±3.21) and morula stage (27.62±4.36 vs 7.69±4.32) in EGF supplemented serum free culture media than serum basic culture media. Similarly, when the efficacy of IGF-1 supplemented serum free basic culture media were observed, no significant difference was obtained in 2-cell, 4-cell and blastocyst stages. On the contrary, the serum supplemented media showed significantly higher (P<0.05) 8-cell (45.71±4.86 vs 31.87±4.99), 16-cell (37.14± 4.72 vs 20.88±3.21) and morula stage (27.62±4.36 vs7.69±4.32) than serum basic culture media. EGF+IGF-1 supplemented serum free basic culture media when compared with serum basic culture media, significantly higher (P<0.05) values were found in respect to 2-cell (79.63± 2.35 vs 70.33±3.21), 4-cell (65.00±4.83 vs 47.25±3.23), 8 cell (56.00±3.42vs 31.87±4.99) 16 cell (48.00±4.72 vs 20.88±3.21) morula (37.00±2.13 vs 7.69±4.32) and blastocyst stage (10.23±2.08 vs 4.40±3.11). From the above findings, it can be concluded that addition of EGF and IGF-1 in combination in serum free basic maturation media has better stimulatory effect on nuclear maturation of oocytes in comparison to EGF and IGF- 1 supplementation individually. EGF and IGF-1 in combination in Serum Free culture media significantly increased blastocyste rates when compared with serum based culture media.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIOLOGICAL, BEHAVIOURAL AND MOLECULAR CHANGES IN PIGLETS IN RESPONSE TO WEANING STRESS
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2018-07) TIGGA, GLORIA; Dutta, Arup
    The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of weaning stress on various physiological, biochemical, hormonal, hematological response including behavioural changes and pattern of gene expression profile of HSP27, HSP70 and HSP 90 in piglets weaned at different age. The present investigation was carried out in Hampshire x Ghungroo cross-bred piglets of instructional farm of NRC on pig, Rani. Three litters of six piglets were taken for the study and were weaned at different age of 28 days (Gr-I), 35 days (Gr-II) and at 42 days (Gr-III). Blood collection was scheduled from the day of weaning (0d) , 7th day, 15day followed by subsequent collections at 15 days interval up to six months of age. Physiological and behavioural studies were done at the piggery farm and molecular studies were done in the laboratory of NRC on pig, Rani whereas biochemical, hormonal and hematological studies were conducted in the laboratory of the department of Biochemistry, Nuclear research laboratory of the department of Physiology and in the laboratory of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of C.V.Sc., Khanapara, Guwahati respectively. No significant difference was found in average growth rate and body weight at maturity among the groups. There was significant difference in rectal temperature (day 30, 45 and 60) and respiration rate (day 0 and 15) found between Gr-I and Gr-II. The mean heart rate (beats/ minute) was found towards decreasing trend in all the groups. The level of biochemical indices were found to be varied within normal range on day 15 post-weaning and the variations in the level in later part were found to be associated with hormonal level and age related. Higher level of phosphorus was found in piglets of Gr-III as compared to Gr-I and Gr-II. During the initial phase of experimental period significantly lower level of iron was found in piglets of Gr-I as compared to Gr-II (day 15 and 30) and Gr-III (day 0 and 15). Significantly higher level (P<0.001) of zinc was found in Gr-III as compared to Gr-I and Gr-II from day 75 onwards. Significantly lower level of copper was found in Gr-II as compared to Gr-I and Gr-III on day 15 and 30 which may be the cause of subnormal hemoglobin level (%) in this group during this period. The range of cortisol level was comparatively higher throughout the experimental period. Significant differences (p<0.001) were found in the level of hematological parameters viz TEC, Hb% and PCV between younger and older pigs on day 0 to 45. Significantly higher level of neutrophils and cortisol were observed in younger piglets. Initially, there was increase in neutrophil (%) and decrease in lymphocyte (%) indicating a stress response on day 15 post-weaning in all the groups, with significantly higher level in Gr-I. The mean values of DLC viz. neutrophil (%) (day 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90) and lymphocyte (%) (day 30, 45, 60, 75, 90) were found to be significantly higher and lower respectively in Gr-I as compared to Gr-II. Significantly higher number of feeding bouts (P<0.05) and higher level of aggression (P<0.05) on d+2 and d+7 was observed in Gr-III compared to Gr-I and Gr- II The level of mRNA expression of HSPs viz; HSP27, HSP70 and HSP90 were found to be increased significantly (P<0.001) on day 7 in piglets of Gr-I. Significantly higher level of mRNA of HSP90 was expressed in Gr-I on day 15 as compared to piglets of Gr-II and Gr-III` indicating that adaptive process were slower in younger piglets.