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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20161
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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Author: KAFLE, ARJUN ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TOXIC POTENTIAL OF PROFENOFOS IN BROILER CHICKEN
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2016-07) KAFLE, ARJUN; Roy, D. C.
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the acute and subchronic toxicity of Profenofos in broiler chicken. A total of 30 numbers of broiler chickens were included in the experiment which were divided into 3 groups (Group A, B and C), each comprising 10 chickens. Group A birds served as acute toxicity group and were administered a single LD50 dose of Profenofos i.e., 16 mg/kg body weight orally while group B served as subchronic toxicity group and were administered dose of 1.6 mg/kg body eight orally daily for a period of 60 days. Group C served as control. For acute toxicity study, blood was collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours whereas blood was collected at weekly interval for subchronic toxicity study. In case of acute toxicity group, within 3 hours of Profenofos administration birds exhibited clinical signs which included depression, anorexia, diarrhea, gasping, excessive salivation, drooling, curved position and rigid stance with drooping of wings. Progressively the birds were unable to stand and sat on their hocks with curled toes followed by tremor, incordination, convulsions and death. However the signs observed in Group B were less pronounced except the birds exhibited sitting on hock posture, staggering gait, leg weakness, limb paresis and diarrhea were noticed in the latter part of the experiment. Curled toes were seen in some of the birds. The haematological parameters (Haemoglobin, Total Erythrocyte Count, Total Leucocyte Count and Heterophil) were significantly increased in both the treated groups compared to the control. However the level of lymphocyte was found to be decreased in both acute and subchronic toxicity group compared to the control group. Significant increase in serum enzyme activities (Alanine Amino Transferase, Aspartate Amino Transferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Total Cholesterol and Uric acid) were observed in both the treated groups. However the level of Serum Cholinesterase was found to be significantly reduced in treated groups as compared to the control. On postmortem, gross changes on liver, kidney, lung, and brain were recorded and mostly included congestion, haemorrhage in lung, kidney and brain while distention of gall bladder was observed in the liver in both the groups. Histopathological study of liver showed congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells, kidney revealed coagulative necrosis, hydropic degeneration and distention of the tubules. Mild congestion and haemorrhage were observed in the lung while the brain revealed congestion, neuronophagia and satellosis. The level of residue was assessed by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography technique in which the level of Profenofos was found to be maximum in brain in acute toxicity study while in subchronic toxicity, the liver was detected with the maximum residue. The level of residue was found to be least in muscle in both acute and subchronic toxicity studies. In acute toxicity study the concentration of Profenofos in brain showed MRL level (0.05μg/g) while in subchronic toxicity study the concentration detected were below the MRL in all the samples tested.