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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × Author: PEGU, SEEMA RANI × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2013 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR BASED DIAGNOSIS ALONG WITH HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES ON CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS INFECTION IN PIGS
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2013-07) PEGU, SEEMA RANI; Rahman, T.
    Classical swine fever (CSF) is a fatal viral disease affecting pigs and wild boars causing severe economic loss mainly in countries with dense pig populations. The disease is prevalent in almost all pig producing states in the country, and more particularly in the north eastern states of India. Besides clinical signs, gross and histopathological examinations, a precise laboratory diagnosis is required to confirm and to take the early decision for control of the disease during large outbreaks. In the present study, a total of six outbreaks were attended from January 2011 to January 2013. One hundred sixty-nine clinical and post mortem samples were collected from CSF suspected animals of which seventy eight samples were tested to detect E2 gene region of CSFV by nested RT-PCR and 5´ NTR in Real time RT-PCR. Nested RT-PCR showed 73% positivity and Real time RT-PCR showed 83% positivity in various clinical and post mortem samples. A total of 25 samples were tested for insitu detection of CSF glycoprotein 55(Gp 55) by Indirect fluorescence antibody tests(I-FAT) in cryosections as well as in paraffin embedded tissue sections and 18(72%) samples showed positivity in cryosections, and only 8(32%) samples showed positive result in paraffin sections. However, a total of 25 samples tested by Indirect immunoperoxidase test ( I-IPT) in paraffin sections, 18(72%)samples were found positive. Haematological study revealed significant decrease in haemoglobin percent, TEC, PCV, TLC and platelet in the CSF affected animals. In DLC, significant decrease in lymphocyte percent was recorded along with relative increase in the granulocyte percent. The clinical signs of classical swine fever were inactiveness, off fed, high rise of temperature, huddling, erythematous skin lesions, conjunctivitis and posterior weakness. The gross changes recorded were turkey egg kidney, enlarged and haemorrhagic lymph nodes and button ulcers in large intestine. Histopathological alteration recorded were interstitial and glomerular nephritis, lymphoid follicular depletion in all the lymphoid organs, perivascular cuffing, degeneration and necrosis of purkinje’s cells in the brain and ulcerative lesions and necrotic enteritis in large intestine. Enzyme histochemical study revealed weak ATPase activity in the lymphoid organs indicating B cell depletion and weak nonspecific esterase activity in the lymphoid organs indicating T cell depletion in CSF affected animals. The distribution of apoptotic cells in different lymphoid tissues were detected by TUNEL staining. There was significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells, mostly lymphocytes and smaller number of macrophages in the lymphoid follicles and interfollicular areas in lymph node, spleen, palatine tonsil and ileum. Transmission electron microscopic study (TEM) revealed, thickening of glomerular basement membrane in the glomeruli, glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, shortening and swelling of foot processes along with spherical electron dense virus particle within the dilated cytoplasmic vesicles of podocytes in the kidney. In the lymph node, TEM revealed proliferation and dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and loss of cristae in the swollen mitochondria in macrophages. Lymphocyte apoptosis was observed in the lymphoid follicle characterized by condensation and margination of chromatin and fragmentation of lymphocyte nuclei and cytoplasm. In the present study, nucleic acid based technique (RT-PCR) targeting E2 gene of CSFV in various clinical and post mortem samples showed a highly sensitive and satisfactory result indicated that RT PCR is a very reliable diagnostic tool with minimum time requirement for detection of CSFV during CSF outbreaks from antimortem as well as post mortem samples. However, monoclonal antibody based in-situ immunodiagnostic assays like indirect FAT and indirect IPT used in the present study could efficiently demonstrate CSFV antigen in different lymphoid and non lymphoid organs.