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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20221
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Subject: Poultry Science × Author: Deori, Sukanya × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of dietary supplementation of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) powder on the performance and histology of certain lymphoid organs of commercial broiler chicken
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara Campus, 2022-09) Deori, Sukanya; Mahanta, Joga Dev
    The present research work was performed to study the “Effect of dietary supplementation of curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) powder on the performance and histology of certain lymphoid organs of commercial broiler chicken”. The study was carried out with 144 numbers of day-old commercial broiler chicks (Cobb-400) obtained from a single hatch with uniform body weight. The weighing and wing banding of the chicks were done individually. The broiler chicks were reared in four different experimental groups viz. T0, T1, T2 and T3 having 36 birds in each group with 3 replicates of 12 birds in each group. The chicks were reared under deep litter system of rearing following standard and uniform managemental practices. The chicks under T0 (control) group was supplemented with only basal diet, whereas the chicks under T1, T2 and T3 groups were supplemented with dried Curry Leaves Powder (CLP) at the level of 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75% in the basal diet, respectively. For the preparation of dried CLP, fresh, and matured curry leaves were collected from the local villages. Then the curry leaves were sun dried for 6 to 7 days on newspaper, until they become crispy while retaining the greenish colouration. After proper drying, leaves were grinded and stored in cellophane bags for further use during the 6 weeks of experimental period. The proximate composition of curry leaf powder was analyzed and incorporated it into the basal diet of broiler chicken at the level of 0.00, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75%, respectively. During the six weeks of experimental period, the following parameters were studied: performance traits which included weekly feed intake and total feed consumption, weekly body weight and body weight gain, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Broiler Performance Efficiency Index (BPEI) and livability and economics of production, carcass traits like pre-slaughter live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, giblet weight, giblet yield, yields of cut-up parts and relative organ weights, organoleptic properties of chicken meat, blood biochemical parameters like serum glucose and superoxide dismutase, and histological observations of lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius) and jejunum of intestine after the end of six weeks of age. In the present study, the highest feed intake per broiler was recorded in the T3 group (3253.88g) and lowest in the T1 group (3014.19g). The final body weight per broiler was found to be significantly (P<0.05) highest in the T3 group (1989.43±43.16g) followed by T2 (1793.34±34.56g), T0 (1733.76±57.33g) and T1 (1653.31±49.57g) group. During the 6th week of age, the body weight gain was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T3 group (546.37±27.97g) and lowest in the T1 (360.11±17.48g) group. The overall FCR of the entire experimental period was best in the T3 group (1.67) followed by T2 (1.83), T1 (1.87) and T0 (1.90) group. Among the different treatment groups, highest BPEI was found in the T3 group (119.11) followed by T2 (97.99), T0 (91.21) and T1 (88.40) group. The per cent livability of CLP supplemented groups (T1, T2 and T3) was found to be higher (97.22) as compared to control (91.67) group. The production cost per broiler was highest in the T3 group (ƻ) (226.28) followed by T0 (224.90), T2 (224.48) and T1 (213.88) group, respectively. However, the recorded gross profit per broiler was highest in the T3 group (ƻ) (28.87) followed by T2 (17.17), T1 (8.87) and T0 (8.65), respectively. The carcass traits comprising of pre-slaughter live weight, dressed weight, dressing percentage, giblet weight and giblet yield did not differ significantly (P>0.05) under different experimental groups. The per cent yields of cut-up parts like neck, wings,back, breast, thighs and drumsticks showed no significant (P>0.05) differences among the different treatment groups. The per cent weights of relative organs on pre-slaughter live weight basis did not differ significantly (P>0.05) for different experimental groups. In the present study, the blood biochemical parameters like serum glucose and superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed significant (P<0.05) differences among the different experimental groups. The serum glucose level decreased gradually as the level of incorporation of CLP was increased. On the other hand, the SOD level increased gradually with the increased level of CLP in the basal diet. The organoleptic evaluation of broiler chicken meat for colour, flavour, texture, juiciness and overall acceptance did not show any significant (P<0.05) differences among the different treatment groups. The gross, histology and ultrastructure (scanning electron photomicrograph) of lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius) and jejunum of intestine of T0, T1, T2 and T3 groups of broiler chicken were studied. From the histological observations of lymphoid organs and jejunum, it was found that the average length, diameter, thickness and weight of spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were significantly (P<0.05) higher in T3 group of broiler chicken along with numerous lymphocytes aggregation in these organs. The mean length of villi and diameter of crypts of the jejunum of T3 group of broiler chicken were also significantly (P<0.05) higher as compared to the T0, T1 and T2 groups of broiler chicken. The lymphoid follicle of jejunum of T3 group of chicken contained numerous T and B lymphocytes. This might be due to the concentration and immunogenic effect of CLP. Hence, it can be concluded that, the CLP can be supplemented as herbal feed additives in the diet of broiler chicken at the level of 0.75% to improve the overall performance of broiler chicken with higher gross profit per broiler. The observations in the current study has established a major role in recording the anatomical norms in respect of gross, histology and ultrastructure of lymphoid organs and jejunum of intestine of broiler chickens fed with CLP at different levels.