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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20172
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    REACTION OF AROMATIC AND GLUTINOUS RICE GENOTYPES AGAINST SHEATH ROT (Sarocladium oryzae) DISEASE AND ITS MANAGEMENT WITH IDM MODULE
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2017-07) Singh, Manjay; Das, B. C.
    Sheath rot of rice caused by Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) Gams and Hawksworth, has gained the status of major disease of rice, and yield losses varies from 9.6 to 85%. The present investigation was under taken to identify the resistant genotypes/cultivars as a donor gene for the development of HYV and to evaluate the efficacy of different IDM Modules for management of sheath rot of rice. The sheath rot disease sample was collected from the rice field of Regional Agriculture Research Station, Titabar. The isolates were cultured, purified and mass culture was prepared in half boiled rice grain, and single grain insertion method was followed for inoculation in aromatic and glutinous rice genotypes/ cultivars. Among the genotypes/ cultivars that were screened, eight entries showed resistant reaction from aromatic rice and five entries showed resistant reaction from glutinous rice genotypes/ cultivars. The physiological parameters were evaluated in both resistant and susceptible genotypes/ cultivars of both aromatic and glutinous rice. The resistant entries possess a higher concentration of phenol, protein and lower concentration of starch and sugar as compared to the susceptible one. The total phenol concentration was increased in, Resistant (R), Moderately resistant (MR), Moderately susceptible (MS) and decreased in susceptible genotypes/ cultivars after infection. Similarly, protein, starch, and TSS were found to be decreased in all the categories of genotypes/ cultivars (R, MR, MS, S). However, maximum reduction was observed in susceptible genotypes/ cultivars after infection. The interaction among the stem attacking fungal pathogens showed that Sarocladium oryzae suppresses the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium oryzae. in both in vitro and in vivo, while Sclerotium oryzae was more sensitive against Sarocladium oryzae as compared to Rhizoctonia solani. Among the modules that were evaluated for management of sheath rot disease of aromatic and glutinous rice. PDI and PDS were significantly reduced and increase of growth parameters and yield, in the entire module as compared to the inoculated control. However, the maximum reduction of PDI, PDS and increase of growth parameters and yield were recorded in Module- 2, where seeds were treated with carbendazim @ 2g/ kg of seed, soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescence @ 2.5kg/ha (2.5kg +50kg FYM) and 50% of potash of recommended dose at tillering stage along with Foliar spray with Carbendazim @ 0.2% after 30 days of transplanting and Foliar spray with Bioveer @ 2% at booting stage.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioremediation and management of bacterial blight of rice with compatible consortia of arsenic degrading bacteria and plant growth promoting microbes
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2017) Talukdar, Kuldeep; Bora, L. C.
    Microorganisms influence the fate of heavy metals in the environment. Increasing anthropogenic and irrigation activities had escalated the risk of arsenic pollution in crop fields and this has added new thoughts for research workers to explore microbial transformation as a tactic to achieve arsenic bioremediation. Present study was made to exploit the potential of arsenic absorbing bacteria (AAB) and develop consortial formulation with plant growth promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-1 for bioremediation of arsenic and management of bacterial blight (BB) of rice in Assam. Out of six Bacilli bacteria isolated from arsenic contaminated soils of Assam, two Bacilli showing phylogenetic similarity with Paenibacillus sp. and Bacillus cereus had potential for arsenic bioremediation. The two Bacilli strains could tolerate 1000ppm of arsenic with 98.30 and 97.68 per cent absorption ability, respectively. Talc based consortial bioformulations were prepared using these arsenic absorbing microbes along with P. fluorescens Pf-1 and field evaluated for management of bacterial blight of rice along with arsenic bioremediation. Significantly highest reduction of bacterial blight severity (41.11%) and highest reduction of arsenic (17.56ppm) was recorded with the treatment comprising consortial formulation of Paenibacillus sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-1. Population dynamics of the bioagents in different bioformulations were assayed upto 90 days for their compatibility assessment in sterilized and unsterilized soil conditions. Significantly higher population count of Paenibacillus sp., Bacillus cereus and P. fluorescens Pf-1 was recorded upto 90 days of soil inoculation in both sterilized and unsterilized soil depicting positive compatibility of the microbes in varied soil micro-environmental conditions. The consortial formulation of Paenibacillus sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-1 also significantly enhanced yield of rice (24.67g/plant) as well as other yield attributing characters of rice plant. Enzymatic assay experiment tested the activity of glutaredoxin-dependent arsenate reductase (glutaredoxin 2 from E. coli), with NADPH/arsenate being the electron donor/acceptor. Compared to the control without protein extracts or glutaredoxin, arsenate reduction by E. coli glutaredoxin 2 was observed, with absorption decreasing at a rate of 0.0012 ABS/min.