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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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Subject: Livestock Production and Management × Author: Lalremruata, C. × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECTS OF CLIMATIC ELEMENTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN MIZORAM
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2012-07) Lalremruata, C.; Saharia, Jitendra
    The study was carried out in four districts of Mizoram namely Aizawl, Lunglei, Champhai and Kolasib. To study the effect of climatic elements on the performance of pigs in Mizoram, monthly information i.e. meteorological data and pig performance data were collected from MIRSAC (Mizoram Remote Sensing Application Center) and organized piggery farms located in selected districts of Mizoram (from 2002 January till 2012 December). The average maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean temperature, rainfall and relative humidity were 29.019±0.2°C, 16.18±0.27°C, 22.60±0.18°C, 254.03±0.15 mm and 79.721±0.49 per cent respectively. There was a significance variation in climatic elements from 2002- to 2012. It was also found that summer/monsoon is the longest season. The average birth weight of piglet ranges from 1.003 Kg-1.172 Kg and average weaning weight ranges from 8.261- 9.605 Kg. There was no significant difference in different years and season has no significant effect on weaning weight but significant effect on birth weight (P<0.05). Maximum temperatures and relative humidity was found to be negative correlate (P<0.05) with the weaning weight. The average range of litter size at birth was 5.910- 7.656 and litter weight at birth was 6.144-8.684 Kg. The average litter size at weaning ranges from 5.001-6.758 and litter weight at weaning ranges from 45.353-61.148 Kg. The year wise studies revealed the significant difference (P<0.05) in litter size at birth with highly significant difference (P<0.01) in litter weight at birth, litter size at weaning and litter weight at weaning indicating that period has significant effect on the reproductive performance of pigs. Winter and summer/monsoon seasons had negative correlation (P<0.05) with the litter traits. There is a positive correlation between the climatic elements and the litter size at weaning and litter weight at weaning. Secular trend showed that ambient temperature is having a positive correlation with the litter size and litter weight. The average farrowing interval ranges from 6.188±0.20 to 7.688±0.23 months. Period had significant effect on the farrowing interval (P<0.01). Secular trend revealed the correlation between ambient temperature and farrowing intervals. The average pre-weaning mortality per cent ranges from 8.15 to 22.93 per cent over the 11 years and there was significant effect of year on the pre-weaning mortality (P<0.01). Secular trend revealed that pre-weaning mortality is having a correlation with mean temperature. Causes of piglet mortality were diarrhoea, respiratory diseases, cold stress, overlying, general weakness and hereditary. Diarrhoea was highest during monsoon, cold stress during winter, overlying in autumn and monsoon and respiratory problem during autumn and winter season. Forecasting from 2012-2015 revealed that climatic elements showed almost straight trend line. However, the mean temperature slightly decreases from 2013 to 2015. Forecasting analysis revealed that average litter size, total litter at birth, litter size at weaning, total litter at weaning will significantly increase (P<0.01) from 2012-to 2015. The significant increase (P<0.01) in the forecasted value of total pre-weaning mortality (2013 to 2015) might be having a negative correlation with decreasing trend of ambient temperature. The present study revealed that warm temperature is required for the better performance of piglets. Cold temperature was found to be less stressful for the sows and heavy rainfall increased the piglet mortality. Overall, study of climatic elements during 11 years (2002 to 2012) was found to have direct and indirect effect on the performance of pigs in Mizoram.