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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20192
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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Pathak, Purnima × Start date: 2006 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ROUGH LEMON (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) OF ASSAM
    (2019-07) Pathak, Purnima; Khangia, B.
    Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), commonly known as ‘Gol Nemu’ is an underutilized citrus fruit of Assam. It is mostly grown as backyard crop in homestead garden. The fruit is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, limonoids etc. It is polyembryonic in nature and highly cross pollinated. Most rough lemon plants are of seedling origin in the region and thus tend to exhibit a wide range of variability in terms of morphological and biochemical parameters. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken during 2016-2017 on ‘Morpho-biochemical characterization of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) of Assam to study the existing variability. One district in each of the six agro climatic zones was chosen and five plants were selected in each district, comprising of thirty plants. Wide variability was observed among the selected rough lemon accessions for qualitative characters of tree, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Four different fruit shapes were recorded viz. spheroid, obloid, obovoid and ellipsoid. Wide variations in pulp colour i.e. ivory white, orange, orange-red, yellow were recorded in the selected rough lemon. Cluster analysis of 45 qualitative and 25 quantitative characters using SPSS resulted in grouping of the rough lemon accessions into three broad groups. Group I consisted of 17 accessions (AR01T1, AR01T2, AR01T3, AR02T1, AR02T2, AR02T3, AR02T4, AR03T2, AR03T3, AR04T4, AR05T1, AR05T2, AR05T3, AR05T4, AR06T2, AR06T3, AR06T5) of all locations. Group II consisted of six accessions (AR01T5, AR03T1, AR03T4, AR03T5, AR04T1, AR06T1). Group III consisted of seven accessions (AR01T4, AR02T5, AR04T2, AR04T3, AR04T5, AR05T5, AR06T4). No groups were formed based on geographical location indicating that qualitative and quantitative traits were largely influenced by genetic factor. The quantitative characters of flower, leaf and fruit showed significant variation among the rough lemon accessions. The maximum fruit weight was recorded in accession number AR02T5 (144.34 g) and the minimum was recorded in AR03T1 (17.36 g). In terms of biochemical constituents, the highest TSS was recorded in accession number AR06T4 (8.87 °B) and the lowest was recorded in AR02T1 (6.13 °B). The highest TSS-acid ratio was recorded in accession number AP06T4 (2.12) and the lowest was recorded in AR02T1 (1.00). HPLC quantification of limonin showed significant variations among the rough lemon accessions which ranged from 10.42 to 24.07 mg/100ml. Among the 30 rough lemon accessions, two main groups were recognized based on 12 biochemical constituents with strong genetic similarity within a location. All the morphological quantitative traits i.e. fruit length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, seeds per fruit, seed weight, juice content, juice per cent showed significant variation among different locations. Significant differences among the locations were observed with respect to biochemical constituents except essential oil content. The highest TSS, total sugar, TSS-acid ratio were recorded in location L6 (Cachar) and the lowest value was recorded in location L4 (Biswanath). Present study on propagation of rough lemon through seed showed an average germination percentage of 87.67 % and air layering recorded a success percentage of 92.11%. However, propagation through stem cutting was found to be comparatively difficult with moderate success percentage (79.11%). Three elite types i.e. AR03T1, AR06T1 and AP06T4 were identified in terms of high overall acceptability (>8), TSS-acid ratio (>2.00), less seed content (≤10 per fruit), low limonin content, high essential oil (>4%), high ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (>80mg/100ml juice) and thin to medium rind thickness.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHO-BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ROUGH LEMON (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) OF ASSAM
    (2019-07) Pathak, Purnima; Khangia, B.
    Rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), commonly known as ‘Gol Nemu’ is an underutilized citrus fruit of Assam. It is mostly grown as backyard crop in homestead garden. The fruit is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, limonoids etc. It is polyembryonic in nature and highly cross pollinated. Most rough lemon plants are of seedling origin in the region and thus tend to exhibit a wide range of variability in terms of morphological and biochemical parameters. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken during 2016-2017 on ‘Morpho-biochemical characterization of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) of Assam to study the existing variability. One district in each of the six agro climatic zones was chosen and five plants were selected in each district, comprising of thirty plants. Wide variability was observed among the selected rough lemon accessions for qualitative characters of tree, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Four different fruit shapes were recorded viz. spheroid, obloid, obovoid and ellipsoid. Wide variations in pulp colour i.e. ivory white, orange, orange-red, yellow were recorded in the selected rough lemon. Cluster analysis of 45 qualitative and 25 quantitative characters using SPSS resulted in grouping of the rough lemon accessions into three broad groups. Group I consisted of 17 accessions (AR01T1, AR01T2, AR01T3, AR02T1, AR02T2, AR02T3, AR02T4, AR03T2, AR03T3, AR04T4, AR05T1, AR05T2, AR05T3, AR05T4, AR06T2, AR06T3, AR06T5) of all locations. Group II consisted of six accessions (AR01T5, AR03T1, AR03T4, AR03T5, AR04T1, AR06T1). Group III consisted of seven accessions (AR01T4, AR02T5, AR04T2, AR04T3, AR04T5, AR05T5, AR06T4). No groups were formed based on geographical location indicating that qualitative and quantitative traits were largely influenced by genetic factor. The quantitative characters of flower, leaf and fruit showed significant variation among the rough lemon accessions. The maximum fruit weight was recorded in accession number AR02T5 (144.34 g) and the minimum was recorded in AR03T1 (17.36 g). In terms of biochemical constituents, the highest TSS was recorded in accession number AR06T4 (8.87 °B) and the lowest was recorded in AR02T1 (6.13 °B). The highest TSS-acid ratio was recorded in accession number AP06T4 (2.12) and the lowest was recorded in AR02T1 (1.00). HPLC quantification of limonin showed significant variations among the rough lemon accessions which ranged from 10.42 to 24.07 mg/100ml. Among the 30 rough lemon accessions, two main groups were recognized based on 12 biochemical constituents with strong genetic similarity within a location. All the morphological quantitative traits i.e. fruit length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, seeds per fruit, seed weight, juice content, juice per cent showed significant variation among different locations. Significant differences among the locations were observed with respect to biochemical constituents except essential oil content. The highest TSS, total sugar, TSS-acid ratio were recorded in location L6 (Cachar) and the lowest value was recorded in location L4 (Biswanath). Present study on propagation of rough lemon through seed showed an average germination percentage of 87.67 % and air layering recorded a success percentage of 92.11%. However, propagation through stem cutting was found to be comparatively difficult with moderate success percentage (79.11%). Three elite types i.e. AR03T1, AR06T1 and AP06T4 were identified in terms of high overall acceptability (>8), TSS-acid ratio (>2.00), less seed content (≤10 per fruit), low limonin content, high essential oil (>4%), high ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (>80mg/100ml juice) and thin to medium rind thickness.