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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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Subject: Horticulture × Author: LUIRAM, SoLEI × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2013 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF SOME TURMERIC ( Curcuma longa L.) GENOTYPES OF NORTH EASTERN REGION OF INDIA
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2017-07) LUIRAM, SoLEI; Barua, P. C.
    A field experiment was conducted at Horticulture Experimental Farm, AAU, Jorhat, Assam for two consecutive years (2015 & 2016) to characterize and evaluate the performance of thirty one (31) turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes of north eastern region of India along with two check varieties. The experimental materials were collected from farmer’s field of all the eight north eastern states of India. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The individual plot size was 1.5m x 1.5 m with plant to plant spacing of 30 cm x 30 cm accommodating 25 plants per plot. In the present study, all the growth parameters at different growth stages showed significant variations due to genotypes. The effect of year was found significant for leaf length at 105 DAP, leaf width at 75, 105 and 135 DAP, number of leaves per hill and number of leaves per main shoot at 75 DAP, number of leaves per tiller at 75, 105 and 135 DAP, number of tillers per hill and plant height at all the growth stages. However, the effects of interaction between the genotypes and year were significant for number of leaves per tiller at 75 DAP, number of tillers per hill in all the growth stages and plant height at 165 DAP. Significant variations in both the fresh and dry rhizome yield per hectare were observed among the different genotypes evaluated. The maximum fresh rhizome yield was recorded in the genotype TMN-2. While the minimum was recorded in the genotype TAS-14. However, the dry rhizome yield was found highest in the genotypes TPR-2 while the lowest dry rhizome yield was recorded in TNL-1. Significantly high variation was noticed for dry recovery and harvest index showing the highest in the genotype TPR-2 and Check-2 variety respectively and the lowest was recorded both in the genotypes TAS-6. The high significant variations in the curcumin and oleoresin content among the different genotypes studied were observed due to genotypes. The highest curcumin content was recorded in the check-2 variety and the lowest curcumin content was observed in the genotype TAS-3 (1.72 %). The oleoresin content in the present study ranges from 7.63 % to 17.52 %. The correlation study showed that the plant height, leaf length and leaf width at 105, 135 and 165 DAP, length of mother and primary rhizome, finger rhizome per plant, weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizome, LAI at 135 DAP and LAD were found significant and positively correlated with rhizome yield of turmeric. Thus, these characters maybe considered very important factors in selecting the genotypes for increasing the yield of turmeric in any improvement programmes. Summarizing the PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance characters, it could be concluded that the genotypes giving higher values of these characters might be given more emphasis and hence better selection process for further crop improvement programme. Thus, the result of the present study demonstrates that there existed wide variability among different turmeric genotypes of north eastern region of India indicating high potential for effective crop improvement through breeding as the genotypes in this region are good sources of genes for many desirable traits. The promising genotypes, viz. TMN-1, TMN-2, TNL-2, TNL-4, TML-1, TPR-1, TPR-2, TAP-2, TSK-1, TAS-4, check-2 variety and TAS-10 gave high fresh rhizome TML-3, TPR-2, TAP-2, TAS-5, TAS-6, TAS-7, TAS-8, check-2 variety and TAS-14 variety gave appreciable yield per hectare in the range from 306.11q/ha to 413.89 q/ha whereas, the genotypes TML-1, TML-2, amount of curcumin contents in the range between 5.11 % to 6.51 % which were encouraging and thus suitable for commercial production of turmeric in the north eastern region of India.