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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Gogoi, Bornali × End date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-biochemical characterization of Garcinia species of Assam
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2015) Gogoi, Bornali; Dr. R. P. Das
    An investigation was conducted during the period of 2012-14 to study the morpho-biochemical characterization of Garcinia species of Assam viz., Garcinia pedunculata Roxb, Garcinia cowa Roxb, Garcinia lanceaefolia Roxb and Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. The morphological parameters of plant, floral biology and biochemical composition of fruits were studied in healthy, bearing trees of uniform age from five locations of Jorhat district viz., Bahek gaon (L1), Charaibahi (L2), Atila gaon (L3), Chotai (L4) and Borbheta (L5). The five districts of Assam i.e. Dibrugarh, Sivsagar, Jorhat, Golaghat and Nagaon were selected purposively for ethno-botanical survey of the selected species. The ethno-botanical study revealed that majority of people uses the fruits of all the four species for different purposes than the seed, leaf and bark. However, most of the people from the five districts used these Garcinia plant as a source of medicine and for some social customs. Non significant difference was found in plant height of each species. However, plant height of G. pedunculata is highest (22.40 m) among the four species in which flowering occurs twice in a year i.e. once at last week of October to first week of November and another at last week of April to first week of May. Whereas in other species flowering occurred only once in a year. Duration of flowering was almost same in all the species and the maximum (52 days) was observed in G. xanthochymus and the minimum (42 days) was recorded in G. lanceaefolia. Anthesis took place early in the morning in all the species and the time period was from 1.00 A.M. to 6.00 A.M. Wide variations were observed in fruit weight and volume. The G. pedunculata exhibited highest (620.80 g) fruit weight whereas G. lanceaefolia exhibited lowest (22.51 g) fruit weight. In respect of number of seeds per fruit G. pedunculata had 9.35 numbers of seed whereas G. xanthochymus showed 2.50 numbers of seed. The moisture content was found to be highest (92.91%) in G. cowa and ascorbic acid content ranges from 35.37mg/100 g to 88.92 mg/100g and the highest was found in G. pedunculata and the lowest in G. lanceaefolia respectively. The total phenol content was highest (3.68%) in G.xanthochymus the lowest (1.89%) was recorded in G.cowa whereas total ash content was found highest (2.18%) in G. lanceaefolia. Reducing sugar content of all the four species were found to be in a lower range and no significant difference was observed among the locations of each species in terms of total carbohydrate and energy value. Total carbohydrate ranges from 50.75 per cent to 57.90 per cent and energy value ranges from 224.57Kcal/100 g to 245.49 Kcal/100 g, respectively. On the other hand total antioxidant activity was recorded to be highest in G. xanthochymus (9.45%) and the lowest (5.22%) was recorded in G. lanceaefolia. However, HCA content was highest in G. cowa (1.48%). Karyotype study revealed that chromosome number of G. pedunculata, G. cowa and G. lanceaefolia was found to be 2n=48 whereas G. xanthochymus had 2n=72 numbers of chromosome. The biochemical analysis of the present study will help to enrich diet formulations and nutraceuticals. The karyotype analysis and morphological study gives a scope for genetic assessment and breeding due to the presence of variability in different characters.