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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20171
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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: Goswami, Jonali × End date: 2018 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF CROP CONDITION UNDER ABIOTIC STRESS USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE IN UPLAND RICE CROP
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2017-09) Goswami, Jonali; Das, Ranjan
    The rise of CO2 (600 µmol mol-1 CO2 by the middle of 21st century) will effectively influence the productivity of crop plants. Again nitrogen is a limiting nutrient in most of the agricultural soils. In the present investigation, the responses of local genotypes of rice were studied in Carbondioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel (CTGT) to simulate elevated CO2 concentration and temperature. Similarly, pot experiment was done at varying levels of nitrogen fertilization. The results revealed that CTGT II had a greater impact on various morpho-physiological parameters and showed a declining trend indicating the deleterious effect of high temperature, at a higher CO2 and temperature in CTGT III, but, some parameters viz. stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly reduced at CTGT II. From the above experiment, it is evident that some degree of tolerance exhibited against high temperature stress which could be attributed to higher accumulation of carbohydrates, proline, adjustment of anatomical features, water status, better defense mechanism particularly in the genotype Inglongkiri followed by Banglami as compared to IET 22238 and Bash under elevated carbondioxide and temperature conditions. Similarly, nitrogenous fertilizer application had a statistically significant effect on yield components of rice genotypes. There was an increase in yield components with increase in each successive level of nitrogen fertilizers. Enhancement of yield components under high nitrogen levels might be attributed to vigorous and healthy growth, higher photosynthetic pigments, improved water relations and the formation of the membrane system of chloroplasts. Among rice genotypes Inglongkiri recorded significantly higher yield components at low nitrogen levels as compared to the Banglami, IET22238 and Bash. Further, it was revealed that hyperspectral remote sensing could effectively be used for detection of varietal performance, nutrient content and other biochemical parameters of the crop. It was observed that few specific bands were sensitive to chlorophyll (704,803 nm), protein (1514nm), nitrogen (2060, 2300nm), Fluorescence (730nm). Apart from specific bands, indices like NDVI, PSSRa, PSRI, FRI were highly correlated to different parameters of the crop. It is observed from regression analysis that yield can be estimated as function of different spectral indices with a R square value more the 0.7 under both the conditions at a statistical significance with 95% confidence level. A GUI has been developed for display and retrieval of information for the target plants which aided in generation of spectral data base to discriminate spectral behavior of commonly grown genotypes of rice in this region.