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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20151
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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: Das, Sangita × End date: 2018 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Interactive effect of elevated carbondioxide and temperature on physiological characterisation of bhoot jolokia (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2015) Das, Sangita; Das, Ranjan
    A study was conducted during 2012-2014 in Carbondioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnels (CTGTs) and in ambient condition to assess the interaction effect of elevated carbondioxide and temperature in two cultivars of Capsicum chinense Jacq. The treatments consisted of field (ambient CO2 and ambient temperature), CTGT I (380 ppm CO2 and ambient temperature), CTGT II (550 ppm CO2 with ambient temp. + 20 C elevation) and CTGT III (750 ppm CO2 with ambient temp. + 40C elevation). The elevation of temperature as compared to ambient was maintained from flower bud initiation to maturity stage. The results revealed that CTGT II had a greater impact on the various morpho physiological parameters viz. plant height, leaf number, branch number, plant spread, leaf area index, leaf area duration, specific leaf weight, root: shoot ratio, relative leaf water content, water potential, osmotic potential, C: N ratio, photosynthesis and chlorophyll stability index. However, at a higher CO2 and temperature in CTGT III, most of the above parameters showed a declining trend indicating the deleterious effect of high temperature. But, some parameters viz. senescence index, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly reduced at CTGT II. The phyllochron index was significantly reduced in both the elevated CO2 and temperature treatments. Similarly in biochemical parameters viz. accumulation of sugars, starch, total non structural carbohydrate, proline, antioxidant enzymes, capsaicin content showed a significantly higher value in both CTGTs as compared to ambient condition. A decline in pigments content of leaves such as chlorophyll and carotenoid were observed under both the CTGTs. A better status of membrane was recorded at CTGT II as compared to CTGT III and ambient condition in terms of lower activity of lipoxygenase, MDA (Lipid peroxidation) and H2O2 content and relative stress injury; hence a higher value of membrane stability index was recorded in CTGT-II. An enhancement in flowering was observed in both the elevated CO2 and temperature than ambient condition. Anatomical studies revealed better pollen characters; stem xylem and phloem status in CTGT II when compared to CTGT III. RT PCR data showed up-regulation of some genes viz. photosynthetic genes, antioxidant genes and capsaicin synthase gene under both the CTGTs. Better yield attributing parameters were recorded in CTGT II as compared to CTGT III and other treatments, which could be correlated to a higher percent of fruit dropping in CTGT III. Reduction due to high temperature in terms of above parameters was ameliorated under CTGT II. From the above experiment, it is evident that some degree of tolerance exhibited against high temperature stress which could be attributed to higher accumulation of carbohydrate, proline, adjustment of anatomical features, modification of antioxidant pool, better water status, lower fruit drop percent, in cv. Manipur as compared to cv. Assam under elevated carbondioxide and temperature condition. This indicates the differential responses of genotypes under future climate change conditions.