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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20151
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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: Choudhury, Hemendra × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2015 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Carbon sequestration through bamboo plantation
    (AAU, Jorhat, 2015) Choudhury, Hemendra; Kalita, P.
    A study was conducted during 2011-13 in i) inside open top chambers (OTC) with four CO2 concentrations (control, 380, 550 and 750 ppm), ii) in the experimental bamboo field of B N College of Agriculture, AAU Biswanth Chariali (OST) and iii) in farmer’s field of Biswanath Chariali (OFT) to assess the carbon sequestration potential of four bamboo species viz. S1: Bambusa tulda, S2: B. nutans, S3: B. balcooa and S4: Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. The result revealed that with the increase in CO2 concentration from 380 ppm to 750 ppm the seedling height, seedling girth, number of shoot/seedling, phyllochron, leaf number and leaf area/seedling, weight of leaf, branch, main stem, rhizome and whole seedling, specific leaf weight, relative leaf water content, stomatal frequency, stomatal index, stomatal pore area, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability index, carotenoid content, Rubisco activity, photosynthetic rate, content of starch, reducing and nonreducing sugar total sugar, non structural carbohydrate and soluble protein of bamboo seedlings showed better results in all four bamboo species tested. Being C3 plant the bamboo seedlings increase the rate of photosynthesis at elevated CO2 concentration and thereby register the higher values of growth parameters. At OST and OFT the S4 maintained the highest average culm height, DBH of culm, cum thickness, RLWC, stomatal frequency, stomatal index, percent pore area of leaf, LAI, Rubisco activity, rate of photosynthesis, content of chlorophyll, carotenoid, soluble protein, starch, total sugar in leaf and content of C, N, P, K in leaf branch, culm and in rhizome. In contrast the S1 registered the poorest performances among all four bamboo species. The S4 produced the highest (260.25 ton/ha) total dry biomass with the highest leaf (7.16 ton/ha), branch (24.83 ton/ha), culm (207.64 ton/ha) and rhizome (10.98 ton/ha) biomass while S1 produced the lowest (212.10 ton/ha) total dry biomass with lowest leaf (3.88 ton/ha), branch (20.36 ton/ha), culm (171.84 ton/ha) and rhizome (8.86 ton/ha) biomass. S4 sequestered the highest total carbon (118.72 ton/ha) followed by S3 (110.00 ton/ha) and S1 sequestered the lowest total carbon (93.52 ton/ha) at 5th year of plantation. The S4 also produced the highest average leaf (1.35 kg), sheath (0.90 kg) and branch (0.12 kg) litter per clump. The bamboo plantation also enriched the soil with organic carbon, available N, P, and K up to 50 cm soil depth. The present study therefore, concludes that bamboo being an efficient carbon sequesterer could contribute tremendously to mitigate the climate change, besides providing other economic and social contributions.