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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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  • ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FRESH AND FROZEN SEMEN OF SWAMP BUFFALO
    (College of Veterinary Science Assam Agricultural University Khanapara, Guwahati-781022, 2017-07) BARUTI, MANNA; Deka, B. C.
    Four Swamp buffalo bulls aged 5 to 8 years were used to study the biochemical characteristics of fresh and frozen semen and the effect of freezing on biochemical characteristics. The semen was subjected to protein profiling through SDS-PAGE in both fresh and frozen semen and their correlations with fresh and frozen semen characteristics were analyzed. A total of 60 ejaculates comprising 15 from each bull and a total of 40 ejaculates comprising 10 from each bull were used for evaluation and biochemical characterization in fresh and frozen semen respectively. For studying the effect of freezing on biochemical constituents of semen the AST and ALT activities, total protein, total cholesterol and total lipid concentration were estimated in seminal plasma of fresh semen and extracellular fluid of frozen semen. The overall mean values of the AST and ALT activities and total protein, total cholesterol and total lipid concentration were 26.05±0.74 U/L, 49.14±1.72 U/L, 3.44±0.02 mg/ml, 23.12±0.65 mg/dl and 2.20±0.07 mg/ml respectively in seminal plasma of fresh semen. The corresponding values in extracellular fluid of frozen semen were 124.95±1.66 U/L, 87.80±2.29 U/L, 1.66±0.06 mg/ml, and 82.07±1.63 mg/dl and 32.70±0.74 mg/ml. The mean value of AST and ALT activities and total cholesterol and total lipid concentration increased significantly (P˂ 0.01) and the total protein concentration was decreased significantly (P˂ 0.01) in extracellular fluid of frozen semen comparison with that in seminal plasma of fresh semen. The proteins of Triton X-100-treated sperm membrane extract of fresh and frozen semen, seminal plasma of fresh semen and extracellular fluid of frozen semen were characterized by SDS-PAGE. Seven protein bands in seminal plasma and ten protein bands in extracellular fluid were identified. A total of eight and five protein bands were identified in sperm membrane extract of fresh and frozen semen respectively. The relative densities of sperm membrane proteins of different molecular weights as determined by Integrated Density Value were correlated with semen characteristics. The per cent initially motile sperm, live sperm percentage and intact acrosome of fresh and frozen semen were significantly correlated (P˂ 0.01) with sperm membrane proteins of different molecular weight in fresh and frozen semen. The study revealed that the 42, 55 and 104 kDa proteins of sperm membrane had significant correlation with semen characteristics and could be considered as potential marker in screening of swamp buffalo bulls.