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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20192
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Subject: Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN AND ENERGY BALANCE IN CROSSBRED COWS DURING POST-PARTUM UTERINE INFECTION
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2019-07) BORAH, PRANJAL; Biswas, Ranjan Kumar
    The present research work was conducted to evaluate the haematobiochemcial status on supplementation or without supplementation of bypass fat in periparturient cows that developed or not developed uterine infection subsequently following calving. Study was also carried out to find the haemato-biochemical changes on different days of cycle in post partum cyclic cows with uterine infection along with treatment response. A total of 48 crossbred cows comprising 24 peri-partum and 24 post-partum cyclic cows at their third to fifth lactation were used as experimental animals in the study. Haemato-biochemical investigation carried out in four groups comprising six peri-partum cows in each, viz., non-supplemented with uterine infection (Group-I), nonsupplemented without uterine infection (Group-II), supplemented with uterine infection (Group-III) and supplemented without uterine infection (Group-IV) on day -14, 2, 7 and 14 of peri-parturition revealed that the mean lymphocyte and neutrophil count varied significantly between groups and between days, while monocyte, eosinophil and basophil counts and haemoglobin levels differed significantly between days of observation. WBC and RBC counts and PCV level showed no significant variations. The mean level of serum Hp, total protein, GGT, ALT, AST and ghrelin differed significantly between groups and between days while SAA varied significantly between days of sampling. No significant variations could be observed in serum albumin, IGF-I and Leptin levels. In non-supplemented and supplemented groups, 66.67 and 69.44 per cent uterine samples were positive for presence of bacteria. The frequency percentage of occurrence of bacterial isolates on day 2, 7 and 14 postpartum was 75.00, 66.67 and 58.33 and, 66.67, 75.00 and 66.67 in non-supplemented and supplemented group respectively. Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli were isolated from both the groups, Staphylococcus spp. being predominant. Serum ghrelin level had significant negative correlation with WBC count and serum total protein level while IGF-I had significant positive correlation with serum albumin and negative correlation with serum AST activity when assessed in nonsupplemented crossbred cows with uterine infection during day 2, 7 and 14 post-partum. The mean first post-partum oestrus in Group I, II, III and IV peri-parturient cows was found to be 118.29±12.33, 104.00±18.05, 86.50±9.97 and 82.75±8.27 days respectively with first A.I conception rates of 57.14, 60.00, 62.50 and 75.00 per cent in corresponding groups. Haemato-biochemical study done in four groups, comprising six post-partum cows in each, viz., normal cyclic (Group-I), antibiotic (Levofloxacin Hemihydrate, Ornidazole and Alpha Tocopherol Acetate)-treated (Group-II), E. Coli LPS (100 μg single dose at oestrus)- treated (Group-III) and E. coli LPS + bypass fat supplementation for 21 days (Group-IV) indicated that among the haematological parameters (estimated on day 0, 7 and 21 of oestrus) the mean haemoglobin level, PCV per cent, WBC, lymphocyte and eosinophil counts varied significantly between groups, the mean RBC and monocyte counts differed significantly between groups and between days of observation, neutrophil count varied significantly between days while basophil count did not very significantly. Among the biochemical parameters (estimated on day 0 and 21) the levels of mean SAA, GGT, ALT, IGF-I, leptin and ghrelin differed significantly between groups, that of Hp and AST varied significantly between groups and between days while there was no significant variation in the level of mean serum total protein and albumin.Bacteriological study revealed that in uterine infected cows cent per cent uterine samples were positive for bacterial growth; while post-treatment it reduced to 33.33, 16.67 and 16.67 per cent in Group II, III and IV cows respectively. Two types of bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli; Staphylococcus spp. being predominant. First A.I conception rate was higher in group of cows treated with E. coli LPS 100μg I.U + bypass fat supplementation (83.33 %) in cyclic uterine infected crossbred cows followed by E. coli LPS 100μg I.U (66.67 %) and antibiotic (50.00 %). SDS- PAGE analysis of pooled samples for different days in different groups of pari-parturient and normal cyclic and post-partum infected and treated cows raveled 10 protein bands with molecular weight of 157.65, 90.41, 72.73, 59.94, 55.74, 51.84, 47.07, 39.74, 34.37 and 33.55 kDA. No difference in band profile was observed among groups and days indicating no expression of new protein.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MANAGEMENT OF POSTPARTUM ANOESTRUS AND REPEAT BREEDING IN CROSSBRED CATTLE THROUGH NUTRITIONAL AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS
    (College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 2019-01) DAS, ARUNODAY; BISWAS, R. K.
    The relationship of managemental condition with infertility, reproductive status and incidence of different reproductive problems of crossbred cattle were studied in a few parts of Lower Brahmaputra Valley Agro-Climatic Zone of Assam. A total of seven nutritional and hormonal interventions and six nutritional and therapeutic interventions were used for addressing postpartum anoestrocity and repeat breeding in crossbred cattle respectively. The incidence of infertility was significantly (P<0.01) higher under poor as compared to good housing and feeding conditions. The mean age at puberty, age at first service, age at first calving, postpartum interval of oestrus and calving interval were significantly (P<0.05) higher in poor managemental condition as compared to good one. Among the reproductive disorders, post-partum anoestrus (19.75%) and repeat breeding with or without infection (17.73%) were most predominant in crossbred cattle. The response to different treatments was studied based on oestrus response, interval from treatment to onset of oestrus and conception rate in postpartum anoestrous cows. The response to treatment in case of repeat breeder cow was estimated on the basis of conception rate. The blood biochemical constituents, viz. IGF-1, oestrogen, progesterone, cortisol, T3, T4, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, zinc, magnesium, total protein and albumin were estimated before treatment, on day of oestrus and day 20 of oestrus in postpartum anoestrous cattle, and on day of oestrus, day of subsequent oestrus and day 20 of subsequent oestrus in repeat breeding crossbred cows for different interventions. The conception rate at induced oestrus of postpartum anoestrous cows in groups treated with Bypass fat, Probiotics, Injectable phosphorus, Area specific mineral mixture+ Bypass fat + Probiotics + Injectable phosphorus, Progesterone + eCG and Area specific mineral mixture + Bypass fat +Progesterone + eCG was 83.33, 66.67, 60.00, 83.33, 83.33 and 100.00 per cent respectively. Out of five nutritional interventions, Area specific mineral mixture + Bypass fat + Probiotics + Injectable phosphorus regime brought about the highest rate of oestrus induction and conception rate in postpartum crossbred cattle. Progesterone + eCG supplemented with Area specific mineral mixture + Bypass fat resulted in higher rate of oestrus induction, lower interval from the end of treatment to onset of oestrus and higher conception rate in postpartum anoestrous cows as compared to without supplementation. The conception rate in infectious and non-infectious repeat breeder crossbred cows following different treatment regimes was 60.00, 71.43, 85.71, 42.86, 83.33. 57.14, and 16.67 per cent in Intrauterine antibiotic, E. coli Lipopolysaccharide, Selenium + Vitamin E orally + E. coli Lipopolysaccharide i.u., Area specific mineral mixture + Bypass fat + Probiotics, GnRH + Injectable Progesterone + COX-2 inhibitor, AI+ hCG on day 0 and on day 10 of the oestrous cycle treatment regime and control group respectively. E. coli LPS intrauterine fortified with oral selenium + vitamin E, and GnRH + Injectable progesterone + COX-2 inhibitor were superior for treatment of infectious and non-infectious repeat breeder cows respectively.