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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20171
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Subject: Animal Biotechnology × Author: DUTTA, MADHUSMITA × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND GENOTYPING OF STAPHYLOCOCCI ASSOCIATED WITH BOVINE MASTITIS
    (Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara,Guwahati, 2017-07) DUTTA, MADHUSMITA; Borah, P.
    Mastitis is an important disease of dairy cows and buffaloes causing huge economic losses in the form of reduced milk production. It is an inflammation of the mammary gland (udder) that causes physical and chemical changes in milk, and leads to pathological condition of the glandular tissue. It is generally associated with poor hygienic and husbandry practices. The present study was undertaken with a view to isolate and identify Staphylococcus aureus from both mastitic and apparently normal bovine milk samples. The study also included molecular typing of representative isolates and detection of important virulence-associated genes by PCR. A total of 204 milk samples comprising both clinically affected (14) and apparently normal (190) milk were used for this study. The apparently normal milk samples were subjected to California mastitis test, of which 85.79 % tested positive for sub-clinical mastitis. Bacteriological and biochemical examinations were performed to isolate and identify staphylococci associated with mastitis. A total of 60 (33.8%) out of 177 milk samples yielded Staphylococcus aureus, which were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of conserved sequences of aroA gene. All the isolates (100 %) were found to possess three virulence-associated genes, namely surface protein A (spa), thermonuclease (nuc) and coagulase (coa) genes, while 58 (96.6%) of the isolates showed the presence of clumping factor A (clfA) gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all the 60 isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and Cotrimoxazole, while the highest susceptibility (100%) was shown to Gentamicin, Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol followed by Streptomycin (80%). On the other hand, significantly lower susceptibility was shown to Ceftriaxone (13.33%), Tetracycline (8.33%) and Cefapime (1.67%). Out of the total 60 isolates, seven were subjected to PCR-RFLP of the coagulase (coa) gene. Polymorphism was shown by all the isolates (100%) with four different restriction patterns. Ten isolates were subjected to staphylococcal protein A (Spa) typing and PFGE. Spa typing revealed two different types, t165 and t1611. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses based on spa typing and PFGE, it was concluded that isolate number 9 of Spa type t165 is the ancestral strain, the clonal descendents of which are endemic in the study area causing subclinical bovine mastitis.