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Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat

Assam Agricultural University is the first institution of its kind in the whole of North-Eastern Region of India. The main goal of this institution is to produce globally competitive human resources in farm sectorand to carry out research in both conventional and frontier areas for production optimization as well as to disseminate the generated technologies as public good for benefitting the food growers/produces and traders involved in the sector while emphasizing on sustainability, equity and overall food security at household level. Genesis of AAU - The embryo of the agricultural research in the state of Assam was formed as early as 1897 with the establishment of the Upper Shillong Experimental Farm (now in Meghalaya) just after about a decade of creation of the agricultural department in 1882. However, the seeds of agricultural research in today’s Assam were sown in the dawn of the twentieth century with the establishment of two Rice Experimental Stations, one at Karimganj in Barak valley in 1913 and the other at Titabor in Brahmaputra valley in 1923. Subsequent to these research stations, a number of research stations were established to conduct research on important crops, more specifically, jute, pulses, oilseeds etc. The Assam Agricultural University was established on April 1, 1969 under The Assam Agricultural University Act, 1968’ with the mandate of imparting farm education, conduct research in agriculture and allied sciences and to effectively disseminate technologies so generated. Before establishment of the University, there were altogether 17 research schemes/projects in the state under the Department of Agriculture. By July 1973, all the research projects and 10 experimental farms were transferred by the Government of Assam to the AAU which already inherited the College of Agriculture and its farm at Barbheta, Jorhat and College of Veterinary Sciences at Khanapara, Guwahati. Subsequently, College of Community Science at Jorhat (1969), College of Fisheries at Raha (1988), Biswanath College of Agriculture at Biswanath Chariali (1988) and Lakhimpur College of Veterinary Science at Joyhing, North Lakhimpur (1988) were established. Presently, the University has three more colleges under its jurisdiction, viz., Sarat Chandra Singha College of Agriculture, Chapar, College of Horticulture, Nalbari & College of Sericulture, Titabar. Similarly, few more regional research stations at Shillongani, Diphu, Gossaigaon, Lakhimpur; and commodity research stations at Kahikuchi, Buralikson, Tinsukia, Kharua, Burnihat and Mandira were added to generate location and crop specific agricultural production packages.

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20231
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Subject: Agricultural Economics × Author: Borah, Satabdi × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DYNAMICS IN RICE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY – A STUDY IN JORHAT DISTRICT OF ASSAM
    (2023) Borah, Satabdi; Halim, Riaz Abdul
    More than half of the world's population relies on rice as the primary means of dietary habits, with Asia, South America, Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa as its major consuming regions. This emphasizes how crucial it is to sustain sufficient food for a large population. Enhancing the rice crop's output potential, stability, and nutritional value is of the utmost importance right now. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the technical advancements in rice farming from 1981 to 2022, the consequences on farm income and the challenges farmers endured in implementing new technology throughout time. In order to sustain the research purpose detailed information were collected from 120 samples of Jorhat district, especially Titabar, with the help of a properly structured schedule by personal interview method and the considered 41 years was divided into three periods viz. Period I-1981, Period-II 2015 and Period-III 2022. Findings revealed that average operational holding of the farmers had declined from 1.17 ha in 1981 and 2.00 ha in 2015 to 1.01 ha in 2022. Morever during 2022, cropping intensity (105.94) showed 20.63 per cent and 15.92 per cent decline from 1981and 2015 respectively. The type and amount of labour, quantity of fertilizer, seed rate and variety were found to be the areas where technological variations had the most obvious effects. Over the time, rapid mechanization led to a decrease in the utilization of human and animal labour in rice farming. In all of the periods, less fertilizer was applied than what Assam Agricultural University had recommended. However, because of the concurrent use of DAP and SSP, phosphorus application was found to be higher during 2015 and 2022. The seed rate used in the current period was within the range of recommendations, unlike the improbable excess use of seeds in 1981 and 2015. Since the fields were previously dominated by local varieties, the application of HYV of Sali rice on farms in later periods had altered the total input utilization. These technological changes over time had increased the yield, attributed to higher earnings of the farmers. Although net income had increased by 279.30 per cent over 1981, it had decreased by 22.95 per cent from 2015 at current price. Over the periods, farmers had faced various challenges in adopting new technology, but the absence of irrigation infrastructure was consistently found to be a constraint to rice farming.