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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF ONION UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER LEVELS IN SURFACE AND DRIP IRRIGATION(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-30) ZANJAD, AJIT BANSI.; Pimpale, Dr. A. R.The field experiment to study the “Comparative performance of onion under different fertilizer levels in surface and drip irrigation” was conducted at Chilli and Vegetable Research Unit, Dr. PDKV, Akola, which comes under Western Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra, during rabi season of 2018-19. The experiment, comprising of 4 treatments with 5 replications was laid out in randomized block design. In treatment T1, the fertilizers were applied through soil application with check basin irrigation. The fertigation levels of 60%, 80% and 100% recommended dose of NPKS were applied through drip irrigation (T2, T3 and T4). Plant spacing was 15 x 10 cm. The total water requirement in treatment T1 (soil application with 100% RDF) was found 1000 mm, whereas in fertigation treatments using drip irrigation, the total 623.19 mm water was applied. This reflects saving of 37.68% water in drip irrigation as compared to surface irrigation (check basin) traditionally used for onion crop. Treatment T2 (fertigation with 100% RDF) showed maximum values of growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant and neck thickness during crop period. The highest values of polar diameter and equatorial diameter were recorded in treatment T2 followed by treatments T3, T4 and T1. The maximum average weight of bulb (g), highest total bulb yield (t/ha), highest marketable bulb yield (t/ha) and maximum per cent marketable bulb yield was recorded in treatment T2 (fertigation with 100% RDF). All these parameters were recorded lowest in treatment T1 (soil application with 100% RDF). Bolters percentage and rotten bulb percentage was found maximum in treatment T1 (soil application of fertilizers) whereas these values were lower in fertigation treatments indicating the superiority of fertigation over soil application of fertilizers. Highest percentage of double bulbs was found in treatment T4. The bulbs recorded under treatment T4 exhibited highest value of TSS followed by T3, while the bulbs observed under soil application of fertilizers showed lowest value of TSS. The fertigation treatment T2 showed maximum B:C ratio of 2.77 whereas it was lowest (1.85) in treatment T1. The other fertigation treatments gave higher B:C ratios indicating the importance of using drip irrigation and fertigation technology for water and nutrient management in onion. The treatment T2 (Fertigation with 100% RDF) was found best having highest B:C ratio and as water saving treatment, can be recommended for maximum onion production in Western Vidarbha region.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF BRINJAL TO DRIP FERTIGATION WITH DIFFERENT FERTILIZER LEVELS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-25) GEDAM, SWAPNIL ARUN. SWAPNIL ARUN.; Deshmukh, Dr. M. M.A field experiment was conducted to study the comparison of brinjal production under drip fertigation and traditional method of fertilizer application, at Dr. PDKV, Akola during November 2018 to May 2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five treatments which includes four drip fertigation levels (75, 100, 125, and 150 % of RDF) and control treatment of traditional fertilization at 100 % RDF and these all treatments are replicated four times. The study indicated higher plant growth, more number of branches, higher number of fruits per plant and enhancement in the yield under all drip fertigation levels. Yield of brinjal was maximum in treatment of drip fertigation at 125 % RDF (T3) (607.89 q/ha) and found at par with treatment of drip fertigation at 150 % RDF (T4) (599.36 q/ha). It was seen that yield of brinjal in treatment T3 was found to be higher than that of treatment T4, which was statistically at par. So, the advantage in treatment T3 was requirement of 25 % less amount of fertilizer. Considering requirement of less amount of fertilizer in treatment T3 than treatment T4; the treatment T3 may be suggested as a best treatment. Minimum yield of brinjal was found in treatment of traditional fertilization at 100 % RDF. Higher irrigation water use efficiency 8.86 q/ha-cm was found in treatment of drip fertigation at 125 % RDF (T3) followed by treatment of drip fertigation at 150 % RDF (T4). On the basis of benefit cost ratio (2.88) and net monetary returns (238167 Rs/ha), it is economically viable for the farmers to adopt drip fertigation at 125 % RDF for brinjal production.ThesisItem Open Access SIMULATION OF MOISTURE DISTRIBUTION UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION USING HYDRUS-2D.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-18) CHOPRA, AYUSH SURENDRA.; Kale, Dr. M. U.Water scarcity is the major concern in arid and semi-arid region for agriculture authorities around the world. Micro Irrigation system such as drip irrigation systems are often recommended over traditional irrigation system to overcome this problem by increasing the water use efficiency. For proper management of drip irrigation systems, precise prediction of distribution and transport of soil water content around the emitters must be known. The study aims to develop a model for soil moisture distribution under drip irrigation using Hydrus-2D with an objective to calibrate and validate the model. Also to predict the water spread area of different emitters. A box experiment on soil moisture distribution under drip irrigation was conducted from 8th December 2018 to 8th April 2019 at Instructional farm of Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Dr. P.D.K.V. Akola. Experimental unit was setup by transplanting two tomato plants. Irrigation was done using emitter of 4 lph discharge on daily basis. The experiment was carried out in order to represent the actual system with the model. Soil moisture observations were recorded using gypsum sensors before, and after 8 hours of irrigation over the study period. In this research, the computer software package Hydrus-2D was used to evaluate the distribution and transport of soil water content around an emitter in a clay loam soil. The model was calibrated and validated by comparison with measured data from field experiments. Hydrus-2D model was calibrated for the period of 30 days. The simulated soil moisture content values were found in close agreement with the observed soil moisture content values during calibration. Calibrated model parameter i.e. saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and fitting parameter (n) were found to be 32.63 cm/day and 1.179, respectively. Whereas Coefficient of determination and Root mean square error from calibrated were found to be ranged from 0.862 to 0.96 and 0.09% to 0.45%, respectively. Calibrated model was validated for the period of 15 days. Similar to calibration, the model computed soil moisture content were in close agreement with the observed value. Based on model calibration and validation, the model was used for predicting the water spread area for emitter of 4lph and 8 lph discharge. Result showed that the spacing between the emitter having 4 and 8 lph discharge should not be more than 60 cm and 80 cm, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER IRRIGATION ON SOILS AND CROPS IN PERI-URBAN AREA OF NAGPUR.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-12-03) PANGUL, CHETAN SURESH.; Mhaske, Dr. A. R.The wastewater of Nagpur city discharged into Nag River is utilized for irrigating vegetables and other agricultural crops without giving due consideration to soil, plant and human health. Therefore, the study was conducted to see impact of wastewater irrigation on soils and crops in peri-urban area of Nagpur. The wastewater and soil samples were collected from five different villages from the farmers’ fields in Kamptee and Kuhi talukas of Nagpur district where the wastewater is continuously used for irrigation over the years. For reference (control), well water and soil under well water irrigation were also collected from nearby area of each selected wastewater sites. The samples of different crops were collected from the fields irrigated with wastewater and well water. The pH of wastewater was in the range of 7.18-7.60 with higher EC (0.64-0.85 dSm-1), low BOD (10.98-27.88 mgL-1) and COD (25.25-60.23 mgL-1). The concentration of HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Mg2+, Na+, K+, total hardness, micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Co) in wastewater was higher than that of well water. The concentration of trace elements like Mn, Cu, Cd, Cr and Co in wastewater was higher than the recommended safe limit hence wastewater use in agriculture indicating chances of toxicity hazards to soil and plant. The soils under long term use of wastewater irrigation showed relatively lower bulk density (1.27-1.33 Mg m-3) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (1.40-1.48 cm h-1). The wastewater irrigated soils showed slightly lower reaction (pH 7.33-7.60) with higher EC (0.70-0.84 dSm-1), high organic carbon (5.41-5.53 g kg-1). The available N, P, K status of wastewater irrigated soils was appreciably higher as compared to those in the well water irrigated soils. The concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Co was comparatively higher in wastewater irrigated soils and found above recommended safe limit. The concentration of these elements was observed to be approaching their critical concentration and may lead to soil contamination in near future if the same levels of wastewater are applied on these soils. The concentration of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Co) in wastewater irrigated crops like wheat, chickpea and spinach was higher than that of well water irrigation. Thus, it can be concluded that the long-term use of wastewater for irrigating agricultural crops was beneficial in improving soil chemical properties like organic carbon, available N, P and K, micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). However, higher concentration of bicarbonates, chlorides, sodium and potassium and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Co) in wastewater showed considerable contamination of soil and plant which may enter in the food chain hence the continuous use of wastewater in agriculture for irrigation should be done cautiously.ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF OKRA CROP GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION LEVELS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-18) SHINDE, ARVIND NAGNATH; Wadatkar, Dr. S. B.The field experiment was conducted to study the economic viability of okra crop grown under different irrigation and fertigation levels during rabi season at research farm of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Dr. PDKV, Akola during November 2018 to February 2019.The experiment was framed in randomized block design with seven treatments and three replications.Thetreatmentsof study comprised of various combinations of different irrigation levels (60% and 80% of ETc) and fertigation levels (60, 80, 100% of RDF) with polyethylene mulch and control treatment (100% ETc and 100% RDF). The study indicated that the highest seasonal water requirement of okra was found to be (33.48 ha-cm) under irrigation scheduling at 100% ETclevel and non-mulch (control treatment). It was found to be lowest (21.61 ha-cm) under irrigation scheduling at 60% ETc level under silver polyethylene mulch with drip irrigation and drip fertigation. The highest saving of water over control treatment was achieved in I1T1, I1T2 and I1T3 (60% ETc with PM,) with (35.45%), followed by I2T1, I2T2 and I2T3 (80% ETc) with (17.76%). The treatment I2T3 (80% ETc with 100% RDF and PM) recorded highest water use efficiency (3.42 q/ha-cm) followed by treatment I2T2 (3.37 q/ha-cm), I1T3 (2.83 q/ha-cm), I1T2 (2.39 q/ha-cm), I1T1 (2.19 q/ha-cm), I2T1 (2.17 q/ha-cm) and control treatment (0.60 q/ha-cm). Highest water use efficiency was recorded in treatment I2T3. However, lowest WUE was recorded in control treatment. The maximum yield of okra was observed in Treatment I2T3 i.e. 80% ETc and 100%RDF with PM (94.22 q/ha). Whereas minimum yield of okra was observed in control treatment i.e. 100% ETc,100% RDF and non-mulch (20.15 q/ha). The maximum B:C ratio (3.54) recorded for treatment I2T2 (80% ETc with 80% RDF and PM) and found to be most economically viable while it is minimum for control treatment(0.95). It is also recorded that B:C ratio for mulch treatments is higher than that for non-mulch treatment.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF SEASONAL RAINFALL IMPACT ON RAINFED AGRICULTURE AND MAJOR WATER BODIES IN AMRAVATI DISTRICT USING RS AND GIS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-03-12) MOLKE, ASHWINI VIJAY.; SATPUTE, Dr. G. U.ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF AGROCLIMATIC WATER BALANCE AND LENGTH OF GROWING PERIOD FOR CROP PLANNING IN YAVATMAL DISTRICT.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2018-10-10) JIWTODE, KANCHAN VILAS.; TALEY, Dr. S. M.An agroclimatic study was conducted at Yavatmal district using database of 20 years (1998-2017) to study the effect of climate change on rainfall and temperature and assess agroclimatic water balance and length of growing period for crop planning. Average annual maximum temperature shows the increasing trend at the rate 0.29 °C/year whereas minimum temperature shows the decreasing trend at the rate 0.23 °C/year over the study period. The rainfall shows more or less constant in Arni, Mahagaon and Kelapur. Yavatmal, Babulgaon, Kalamb, Darvha, Digras, Ner, Pusad, Ghatanji and Ralegaon shows decreasing trend of rainfall at the rate of 0.18 mm/year, 0.16 mm/year, 0.21 mm/year, 0.27 mm/year, 0.14 mm/year, 0.04 mm/year, 0.26 mm/year, 0.02 mm/year and 0.01 mm/year respectively whereas Umarkhed, Wani, Maregaon and Zari Jamani shows the increasing trend of the rainfall at the rate of 0.10 mm/year, 0.02 mm/year, 0.04 mm/year and 0.14 mm/year. The normal annual rainfall varies from about 850 to 1150 mm in south-west monsoon season, i.e., June to September. Pusad shows maximum average rainfall whereas Zari Jamani shows minimum average rainfall in the monsoon month as compared to other talukas. Average weekly PET value observed more than 30 mm during 7 to 43 SMW. The average weekly total AET is varied from 0.05 mm to 32.49 mm. The total annual surplus was varied from 67.14 mm in Zari Jamani to 332.93 mm in Darvha. The 50% of AWHC duration lasts maximum for Darvha (18 weeks) whereas it is lesser for Zari Jamani (8 weeks). The annual effective rainfall was found highest in the Pusad i.e. 655.49 mm and lowest in Darvha i.e. 474.94 mm during period of 1998 to 2017. The highest effective rainfall was found in June to July i.e. from 23 to 43 SMW. Under average rainfall condition, water availability period observed during 24 to 42 SMW. The average length of growing period of the study area is 154 days. Crop planning based on LGP, available rainfall and crop evapotranspiration in the growing stages of cotton, soybean, pigeon pea, sorghum, green gram and black gram suggested are suitable to grow in Yavatmal, Kalamb, Darvha, Ner, Wani and Maregaon. Zari Jamani is not suitable to grow cotton and pigeon pea. Babulgaon, Digras, Arni, Pusad, Umarkhed, Mahagaon, Kelapur, Ghatanji and Ralegaon are suitable for cotton and pigeon pea only if protective irrigation facilities are available.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF DRY SPELLS IN YAVATMAL DISTRICT USING GEOINFORMATICS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2018-08-03) KOKATE, KIRAN MOHAN.; SATPUTE, Dr. G. U.The success or failure of crops particularly under rainfed condition is closely linked with the amount and distribution pattern of rainfall. The knowledge of onset of effective monsoon (OEM), its withdrawal, period of occurrence and distribution of dry spells during monsoon months are essential for crop planning and management of rainfed farming. The study on “Dry spells in Yavatmal district using geoinformatics” was undertaken with specific objectives of rainfall analysis at taluka level for onset of effective monsoon (OEM), dry spells and withdrawal of effective monsoon in Yavatmal district according to Ashok Raj (1979) criteria. The average monsoon seasonal rainfall in different taluka stations varied from 556.75 to 890.32 mm with coefficient of variation of 25 to 49 percent. The mean dates of onset and withdrawal of effective monsoon varied from 18th to 29th June and 17th September to 4rd October respectively at different taluka places in Yavatmal district. The average monsoon seasonal rainfall during low, medium and high rainfall years varied from 409.2 to 616.7 mm, 549.9 to 938.5 mm and 702.2 to 1201.0 mm respectively. The critical dry spells (CDS) in Yavatmal district varied from 1 to 3 in number during different years with an average of 2 Critical Dry Spells (CDS). The average starting date of CDS (in different monsoon months) varied from 19th to 28th June, from 13th to 24th July, from 12th to 20th August and from 6th to 19th September. The highest probability of occurrence of dry spells of different duration (2 to 3, 3 to 4, 4 to 5 and more than 5 week) during August, followed by September (except for 2 to 3 week duration dry spell) and July or June at almost of all talukas in Yavatmal district. The spatial variation of probability of occurrence of different duration dry spells indicated the maximum chances of occurrence in Arni, Darwha, Digras, Yavatmal, Babulgaon and Ner talukas and some parts of Ghatanji, Mahagaon and Kalamb taluka as compared to remaining talukas in Yavatmal district. The temporal variation in occurrence of different duration dry spells in four monsoon months indicated higher temporal variation in number of occurrence of 2 to 3 weeks duration events in all the monsoon months, followed by 3 to 4 weeks duration dry spell event only in August and September month and 4 to 5 week duration dry spell events in the month of August in different talukas of Yavatmal district. The spatial variation of available water holding capacity of soil in different talukas of Yavatmal district indicated that the available water holding capacity of the soils in the study area varies from 10 to 14 cm per meter depth of soilThesisItem Open Access WATER RESOURCE PLANNING OF MICRO WATERSHED USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUE.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2018-09-03) DONGARDIVE, MILIND BHIMRAO; PATODE, Dr. R. S.Geospatial Techniques like Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) were used for land and water management action plan for some part of Purna-Tapi micro watershed in Akola district, Maharashtra. Keeping in view the need of micro level planning and usefulness of modern tools and technology a study on water resource planning of water resources for micro watershed was conducted. The objectives of the present research work were to prepare the thematic maps of land use/ land cover, soil, slope and drainage using satellite imagery data and survey of India (SOI) toposheet, morphometric analysis of micro watershed and to integrate all the maps under GIS environment to prepare the water resource management plans for the study of micro watershed. The study will be helpful in identification of sites for construction of different soil and water conservation structures like water harvesting structures, check dams, farm ponds, percolation tanks, nala bunds, nala widening and deepening of drainage network etc. Different soil and water conservation works are suggested under water resource action plan with specific sites, locations and maps. The study will be helpful in sustainable development of the natural resources of the micro watershed with the proper implementation of the proposed action plans.