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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access ESTIMATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF CHICKPEA USING VEGETATION INDICES BASED CROP COEFFICIENTS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra, 2022-11-28) AKKARA, MONCY S.; Pimpale, Dr. A. R.Ever growing water demand of world along with the severe reduction in water availability- quantitatively and qualitatively, necessitates monitoring and management of existing water resources in the best possible way. Agriculture being major shareholder of fresh water consumption calls for an immediate action to adopt proper irrigation methods and develop technology to make judicious use of water. Better estimation of irrigation water requirements is essential for water conservation aspects as well as better yield and economic aspects. Evapotranspiration being the major consumptive use of irrigation water, crop evapotranspiration represents crop water requirement and is calculated by FAO-56 procedures based on literature derived crop coefficients. Irrigation scheduling based on literature derived crop coefficients often leads to over irrigation due to the non optimal actual field conditions and spatial and temporal variations in Kc. Remotely sensed multispectral vegetation indices (VIs) have similar pattern as that of crop coefficients (Kc). Hence, Kc can be modelled using VIs. The Kc derived from VI responds to actual field conditions and captures spatial variability. Thus, VI based approach can be used for crop identification, acreage estimation and precision irrigation management. Furthermore, yield and quality of moisture sensitive chickpea crop can be considerably increased by applying precise irrigation in critical stages though it is a rabi crop. The present investigation entitled ‘Estimation of Evapotranspiration of Chickpea using Vegetation Indices Based Crop Coefficients’ was undertaken with major objective of identifying the most appropriate VI having highest correlation with crop coefficients of rabi chickpea crop in order to estimate the water demand. The study was conducted in Akola district located in Maharashtra. Multidate Sentinel 2 A (MSI sensor) satellite images were used to extract most commonly used vegetation indices RVI, NDVI, NDWI and SAVI. The spectral behaviour of the chickpea crop suggested that the VIs follow a similar pattern to crop coefficients. The two stage hybrid classification technique of remote sensing was employed to compute the crop acreage. The results showed an overestimation of 3.12% than the crop statistics published by the Department of Agriculture, Government of Maharashtra. The values of multi-date vegetation indices RVI, NDVI, NDWI and SAVI were distributed according to the age of the crop on each day of satellite data acquisition. Simple linear regression analysis was applied to derive the relationship between the mean weekly VI values and the week-wise crop coefficients (Kc) recommended by MPKV Rahuri and the relationships were established in the form of prediction models. All the vegetation indices exhibited good correlation with crop coefficients (Kc) with high R² values. However, NDWI-Kc model outperformed all other regression models. NDWI-Kc model showed highest R² and D values of 0.9550 and 0.9884 respectively with lowest values of SE, RMSE and PD of 0.0743, 0.0698 and 4.1016 respectively. Hence, NDWI was identified as the most superior remote sensing indicator for estimation of chickpea crop coefficients. The weekly crop coefficients were derived from the best performing NDWI-Kc model and the crop water requirement was estimated as 248.23 mm for chickpea crop. Crop water demand of rabi chickpea in Akola district was determined as 213.4138 Mm3. The outcomes of this study show the potential of multispectral vegetation indices for estimating spatial crop coefficients, leading to the determination of site-specific crop water demand and thus ultimately helping in precise irrigation water management, by providing irrigation with high water use efficiency and saving significant amount of water.ThesisItem Open Access ESTIMATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF CHICKPEA USING VEGETATION INDICES BASED CROP COEFFICIENTS.(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2022-11-28) AKKARA, MONCY S.; Pimpale, Dr. A. R.Ever growing water demand of world along with the severe reduction in water availability- quantitatively and qualitatively, necessitates monitoring and management of existing water resources in the best possible way. Agriculture being major shareholder of fresh water consumption calls for an immediate action to adopt proper irrigation methods and develop technology to make judicious use of water. Better estimation of irrigation water requirements is essential for water conservation aspects as well as better yield and economic aspects. Evapotranspiration being the major consumptive use of irrigation water, crop evapotranspiration represents crop water requirement and is calculated by FAO-56 procedures based on literature derived crop coefficients. Irrigation scheduling based on literature derived crop coefficients often leads to over irrigation due to the non optimal actual field conditions and spatial and temporal variations in Kc. Remotely sensed multispectral vegetation indices (VIs) have similar pattern as that of crop coefficients (Kc). Hence, Kc can be modelled using VIs. The Kc derived from VI responds to actual field conditions and captures spatial variability. Thus, VI based approach can be used for crop identification, acreage estimation and precision irrigation management. Furthermore, yield and quality of moisture sensitive chickpea crop can be considerably increased by applying precise irrigation in critical stages though it is a rabi crop. The present investigation entitled ‘Estimation of Evapotranspiration of Chickpea using Vegetation Indices Based Crop Coefficients’ was undertaken with major objective of identifying the most appropriate VI having highest correlation with crop coefficients of rabi chickpea crop in order to estimate the water demand. The study was conducted in Akola district located in Maharashtra. Multidate Sentinel 2 A (MSI sensor) satellite images were used to extract most commonly used vegetation indices RVI, NDVI, NDWI and SAVI. The spectral behaviour of the chickpea crop suggested that the VIs follow a similar pattern to crop coefficients. The two stage hybrid classification technique of remote sensing was employed to compute the crop acreage. The results showed an overestimation of 3.12% than the crop statistics published by the Department of Agriculture, Government of Maharashtra. The values of multi-date vegetation indices RVI, NDVI, NDWI and SAVI were distributed according to the age of the crop on each day of satellite data acquisition. Simple linear regression analysis was applied to derive the relationship between the mean weekly VI values and the week-wise crop coefficients (Kc) recommended by MPKV Rahuri and the relationships were established in the form of prediction models. All the vegetation indices exhibited good correlation with crop coefficients (Kc) with high R² values. However, NDWI-Kc model outperformed all other regression models. NDWI-Kc model showed highest R² and D values of 0.9550 and 0.9884 respectively with lowest values of SE, RMSE and PD of 0.0743, 0.0698 and 4.1016 respectively. Hence, NDWI was identified as the most superior remote sensing indicator for estimation of chickpea crop coefficients. The weekly crop coefficients were derived from the best performing NDWI-Kc model and the crop water requirement was estimated as 248.23 mm for chickpea crop. Crop water demand of rabi chickpea in Akola district was determined as 213.4138 Mm3. The outcomes of this study show the potential of multispectral vegetation indices for estimating spatial crop coefficients, leading to the determination of site-specific crop water demand and thus ultimately helping in precise irrigation water management, by providing irrigation with high water use efficiency and saving significant amount of water.ThesisItem Open Access Title: RESPONSE OF WHEAT TO SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS UNDER DIFFERENT LATERAL AND EMITTER SPACINGS(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-02-18) Authors: LOKHANDE, JAYA NARENDRA; Advisor: Deshmukh, Dr. M. M.Abstract: A field experiment was conducted in clay loam soil at Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., Jalgaon during rabi seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Experiment was consist of eighteen treatments with three replications. The experiment comprised of three factors; (i) Irrigation methods – Surface (S1) and subsurface (S2) drip irrigation, (ii) Lateral spacings - 60 cm (L1), 80 cm (L2) and 100 cm (L3), and (iii) Emitter spacings - 20 cm (E1), 30 cm (E2) and 40 cm (E3). In subsurface drip irrigation lateral was placed at 20 cm depth in soil. 100 days wheat variety AKAW-4210-6. (PDKV Sardar) was sown at 20 cm crop spacing. The experiment was framed in Split-split plot design. Control was check basin irrigation method in which irrigation’s were given at six critical growth stages of wheat crop. Total water requirement of wheat was found to be 404.5 mm (40.45 ha-cm) under surface and subsurface drip irrigation method; whereas it was found 603.4 mm (60.34 ha-cm) in check basin method of irrigation; which results in 32.96 per cent saving of water through drip irrigation methods. Soil moisture content in 0-45 cm depth of soil gradually decreases with increase of both lateral spacings and emitter spacings. The soil moisture content in subsurface drip irrigation for different lateral and emitter spacings was found maximum between 15-30 cm soil depths; whereas in surface drip irrigation it was found maximum up to 20 cm soil depth only. The soil moisture content under L1 (60 cm) with all three emitter spacing was found more uniform in comparison with L2 (80 cm) and L3 (100 cm). The study indicated that maximum plant growth, flag leaf area, number of effective tillers per square metre, number of grains per earhead, test weight, grain yield and straw yield were recorded in L1 and E1. However growth and yield parameters were found to be statistically at par in surface and subsurface drip irrigation methods. The combination of L1E1 recorded desirable growth and yield parameters as compared other treatment combinations. Similarly surface and subsurface drip irrigation methods recorded higher growth and yield parameter as compared to check basin irrigation method. L1 recorded significantly highest yield of wheat compared to L2 and L3. E1 recorded significantly highest yield of wheat as compared to E2 and E3. As regards the water use efficiency (WUE) in wheat crop, treatment combination S1L1E1 recorded higher irrigation WUE (1.58). Whereas check basin irrigation method exhibited lower irrigation WUE (0.52). Economic analysis revealed that, maximum gross monetary returns (GMR) (114242 Rs ha-1) and net monetary returns (NMR) (72662 Rs ha-1) were observed in the treatment S1L1E1. While, minimum GMR (53120 Rs ha-1) and NMR (23813 Rs ha-1) were recorded in the control treatment T19 i.e. check basin irrigation method. The highest benefit cost ratio of 2.75 was recorded by the treatment combination S1L1E1 and lowest benefit cost ratio (1.71) was recorded by the treatment combination S2L3E3.ThesisItem Open Access Title : CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF AQUACROP MODEL FOR IRRIGATED WHEAT CROP.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2022-10-04) Authors : ASOLKAR, SURAJ DNYANDEO.; Advisor : Mankar, A. N.Abstract : Predicting attainable yield under water limiting conditions is an important goal in rainfed agriculture. Proper irrigation planning is not only essential for water saving, but also for yield enhancement and it is possible only when an accurate and reliable decision-making tool has been adopted. AquaCrop is one of the model, extensively used for irrigation planning purposes. To evaluate the performance of the model entitled study “Calibration and Validation of Aquacrop model for Irrigated Wheat Crop” was undertaken with objectives to calibrate and validate the AquaCrop model. AquaCrop model was calibrated using Wheat production data for the period 13th December 2010 to 30th March 2011. The harvest index was observed as 32 % for Wheat. Thus, validation was carried out without any further adjustment to calibrated parameter. The model validated for the period 8th December 2011 to 15th March 2012. Using irrigation level I1 to I4. Two statistical parameters i.e. root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash Sutcliff coefficient of efficiency (R2NS) were used as performance indicator. Results indicated that both statistical parameters were in acceptable limit for both calibration and validation period. Verification of four formulated Irrigation schedules was carried out for the period of 11th December 2012 to 18th March 2013. Simulations were carried out using calibrated model for the formulated schedules. The R2NS value 0.9702 was obtained in the perfect fit limit and RMSE value was observed as 0.8998 q for yield. Highest water use efficiency was recorded for schedule S0 (0.6 IW/CPE) followed by S1 (0.8 IW/CPE) S2 (1.0 IW/CPE) S3 (1.2 IW/CPE) which may be due to lowest water use. Schedule S2 (1.0 IW/CPE) recorded second highest yield with water use efficiency of 0.79, with slightly decrease in water use efficiency i.e. 0.77 for schedule S3 (1.2 IW/CPE) yield was obtained to be highest which is 41.14 q/ha. Therefore S3 (1.2 IW/CPE) should be used for wheat production.ThesisItem Open Access Title : CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF AQUACROP MODEL FOR IRRIGATED CHILLI CROP.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2022-10-04) Authors : GARDE, VAIBHAV ,BABASAHEB.; Advisor : Deshmukh., M. M.Abstract : Predicting attainable yield under water limiting condition is an important goal in rainfed agriculture. Proper irrigation planning is not only essential for water saving, but also for yield enhancement and it is only possible when an accurate and reliable decision-making tool has been adopted. AquaCrop is one of the models extensively used for irrigation plaining purposes. To evaluate its performance, a study entitled ‘Calibration and Validation of AquaCrop model for irrigated chilli crop’ was undertaken, with objective to calibrate and validate this AquaCrop model and also to verify the field results with the simulated outputs. Experimental study on chilli crop was carried out during 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17. AquaCrop model was calibrated using chilli production data for the period 21st July 2014 to 19th January 2015. The harvest index was observed as 77 % for the chilli whereas, water productivity were 18 g/m2. Thus, validation was carried out without any further adjustment to the calibrated parameters. The model validated for the period 21st July 2015 to 19th January 2016. Two statistical parameters i.e. root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (R2Ns) were used as performance indicator. Results indicated that both statistical parameters were in acceptable limit for both calibration and validation period. Using calibrated model different irrigation schedules were tested for the year 2016-17 and it was found that S1 (80 % ET with PM) irrigation schedule was best as compare to other irrigation schedule in terms of yield and water saving.ThesisItem Open Access Description : The experiment was conducted to Impact of drip fertigation and conventional fertilization on growth and yield of brinjal during rabi season at research farm of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Dr. PDKV, Akola during November 2019 to May 2020. The field experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with five treatments replicated four time each. The treatments of study comprised of various combinations of different drip fertigation levels (75 %, 100 %, 125 % and 150 % of RDF) and traditional fertilization method (control 100% of RDF) with polyethylene mulch.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-12) Authors : LONDHE, MAHESH TUKARAM.; Advisor : Deshmukh, Dr. M. M.Abstract : A field experiment was conducted to study impact of drip fertigation and conventional fertilization on growth and yield of brinjal, at Dr. PDKV, Akola during November 2019 to May 2020. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five treatments which includes four drip fertigation levels (75, 100, 125, and 150 % of RDF) and control treatment of traditional fertilization at 100 % RDF and these all treatments are replicated four times. The study indicated that all drip fertigation levels showed higher plant growth, more number of branches, higher number of fruits per plant and enhancement in the yield. It was also seen that treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125 % RDF) recorded significantly highest yield of brinjal (518.96 q/ha) which was found at par with treatment T4 of drip fertigation at 150 % RDF (511.60 q/ha). So, the treatment T3 may be suggested as a best treatment, considering the requirement of less amount of fertilizer in treatment T3 than treatment T4. Lowest yield of brinjal was observed in treatment T5 (Traditional fertilization at 100% RDF). Treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125 % RDF) was recorded highest water use efficiency 8.79 q/ha-cm followed by treatments T4, T2, T1 and T5. Considering the highest net monetary return (187338 Rs/ha) and B: C ratio (2.51) it can be concluded that treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125% RDF) was found best among all treatments. So it is economically viable for the farmers to adopt drip fertigation at 125 % RDF for brinjal production.ThesisItem Open Access Title : IMPACT OF DRIP FERTIGATION AND CONVENTIONAL FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BRINJAL.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-16) LONDHE, MAHESH TUKARAM.; Deshmukh, Dr. M. M.Abstract : A field experiment was conducted to study impact of drip fertigation and conventional fertilization on growth and yield of brinjal, at Dr. PDKV, Akola during November 2019 to May 2020. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with five treatments which includes four drip fertigation levels (75, 100, 125, and 150 % of RDF) and control treatment of traditional fertilization at 100 % RDF and these all treatments are replicated four times. The study indicated that all drip fertigation levels showed higher plant growth, more number of branches, higher number of fruits per plant and enhancement in the yield. It was also seen that treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125 % RDF) recorded significantly highest yield of brinjal (518.96 q/ha) which was found at par with treatment T4 of drip fertigation at 150 % RDF (511.60 q/ha). So, the treatment T3 may be suggested as a best treatment, considering the requirement of less amount of fertilizer in treatment T3 than treatment T4. Lowest yield of brinjal was observed in treatment T5 (Traditional fertilization at 100% RDF). Treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125 % RDF) was recorded highest water use efficiency 8.79 q/ha-cm followed by treatments T4, T2, T1 and T5. Considering the highest net monetary return (187338 Rs/ha) and B: C ratio (2.51) it can be concluded that treatment T3 (Drip fertigation at 125% RDF) was found best among all treatments. So it is economically viable for the farmers to adopt drip fertigation at 125 % RDF for brinjal production.
