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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access Title: EFFECT OF ORGANIC SOURCES AND PPFM ON MORPHOQUALITATIVE TRAITS AND SOIL HEALTH IN ORGANIC COTTON UNDER RAINFED CONDITION.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-25) Authors: GAIKWAD, GODAVARI SAHEBRAO.; Advisor: Paslawar, Dr. A. N.Abstract: The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition” was carried out at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2016-17 and 2017-18.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. The treatments consisted of T1: Absolute control (no organics / Inorganics), T2: RD of nutrient through organics on P equivalent basis (FYM @12.5t ha-1), T3: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + foliar application of PPFM @1 % at FL & BD, T4: Neem cake (NC) @ 250 kgha-1, T5 : GM of sunhemp in between cotton rows (GMS) (1:1), T6: Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1), T7: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC, T8: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1), T9: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @ 1 % at FL & BD+ NC + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1) and T10 :Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC + Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1). The experimental soil was Vertisol with clay loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (175.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (15.10 kg ha-1) and very high in potassium content (375.4 kg ha-1). The soil pH, EC and organic carbon were 8.08, 0.34 dSm-1 and 3.80 g kg-1, respectively. The crop was sown on 15th June 2016 and 22nd June 2017. Application of recommended dose of nutrient through farm yard manure @12.5 t ha-1 have pronounced significant effect on growth attributes and yield attributes of organic cotton crop and being at par with seed treatment of biofertilzers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) along with application PPFM @ 1% spray and neem cake application @ 250 kg ha-1 with in- situ mulchning of sunhemp GMS (1:1). The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in the treatment FYM @12.5 t ha-1, however, maximum seed cotton equivalent yield was found in seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram BGS (1:1) and intercrop with cotton + blackgram BGS (1:1) only. Organic sources of manures had no significant impact on ginning percentage, seed index, lint index, oil content and all the fiber quality parameters, but numerically higher values were observed in FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 followed by seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray at flowering and boll development stage + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with cotton + blackgram. The treatment of recommended dose of nutrient supplied through FYM differ significantly in relation to growth, yield and uptake of nutrients as compared to plant based organic sources of manures. The NPK uptake, physico-chemical and biological properties were improved through different organic sources. The organic carbon values were improved with treatment of FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 + in-situ green maurring sunhemp at 40DAS and cotton + intercropping over initial values of organic carbon as well as over control. Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g/kg of seed) + PPFM+ neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram with cotton was found better in terms of GMR, NMR and B: C ratio as well as economic efficiency. On the basis the above findings, it is concluded that the use of different organic sources i.e biofertilizers, neem cake, PPFM and green manures, intercropping with blackgram among that treatment of FYM found better for maximizing yield and improving soil health. However, based on low cost technology seed treatment of biofertilizers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) followed by PPFM PGR spray @ 1% + neem cake 250 kgha-1 with cotton + blackgram intercropping system (1:1) was emerged as the best alternative to FYM for economic efficiency and monetary returns of organic cotton along with enhancing soil health by growing improved Hirstum variety of cotton under rainfed conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Title: SITE SPECIFIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT BASED ON STCR IN SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.).(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-30) Authors: HIWALE, SUMEDH DEVIDAS.; Advisor: Chorey, Dr. A. B.Abstract: A field experiment entitled “Site specific nutrient management based on STCR in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius l.)” was conducted during the rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Experimental plot was clayey in texture with medium in organic carbon (0.59%), low in nitrogen (194 kg ha-1), medium in phosphorus (26.10kg ha-1),fairly high amount of potash (325 kg ha-1) and slightly alkaline in nature. The soil was medium deep black belonging to Vertisols. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design replicated four times. The factor ‘A’ consisted of three manure application treatments i.e. M0- no manure, M1 - 5 t FYM ha-1 and M2 - greengram residue incorporation. while the factor ‘B’ consisted of five nutrient management treatments viz., F0- control (no fertilizer), F1 - recommended NPK, F2 - SSNM (STCR equation), F3 - SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)and F4 - SSNM (NPK) (deficient + 25 % rec.; Medium: rec.; high: -25 % rec.) with fifteen treatment combination. Objective of study was to evaluate the manure application, nutrient management treatments and their interaction effect on growth, yield, quality, nutrient uptake and economics of rabi safflower.Crop variety used in the present investigation was AKS-207. This variety has been evolved by AICRP safflower Centre, Dr. P.D.K.V. Akola. This variety has suitable for Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Experimental results revealed that, out of various manure application the application of 5 t FYM ha-1 significantly improved the all growth contributing characters, root parameters, yield attributing parameters, seed yield (kg ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1), and straw yield (kg ha-1) as compared to no application of manure and found comparable with greengram residue incorporation treatment. The treatment of manure application with 5 t FYM ha-1 significantly improved the days to 50% flowering, days to rosette stage of safflower and chlorophyll content in leaves over no manure application treatment and greengram residue incorporation treatment. Significantly higher oil content (%), oil yield (kg ha-1) and protein content (%), protein yield (kg ha-1) were recorded with application of 5 t FYM ha-1 than the other manure application treatments. No significant influencewas noticed with respect to aphid population and test weight (g) by manure application treatments. Total uptake of nitrogen (kg ha-1), phosphorus (kg ha-1), potassium (kg ha-1), sulphur (kg ha-1), zinc(g ha-1) and available nitrogen (kg ha-1), phosphorus (kg ha-1), potassium (kg ha-1) and sulphur (mg kg-1) found significantly higher under application of 5 t FYM ha-1 than other manure application treatments.Available zinc in soil at harvest was found to be non-significant due to manure application treatments during both the years of i.e. 2017-18 and 2018-19. Soil bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population at harvest of safflower was found significantly higher under the treatment with application of 5 t FYM ha-1andsuperior over remaining other manure application treatments during both the years study. Higher values for gross monetary returns, net monetary returns and economic efficiency were recorded under application of 5 t FYM ha-1 than no manure and greengram residue incorporation during both the years. However, benefit cost ratio of safflower was found significantly greater with application of greengram residue incorporation, and found superior over no manure and 5 t FYM ha-1 treatments. No manure treatment was recorded lowest growth, yield attributes, root characters, seed yield, biological yield, straw yield, protein yield, oil yield and total uptake of N, P, K, S, as well as economics of safflower. Among the various nutrient management practices treatment of SSNM (STCR equation) along with ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + S @10 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher growth characters viz. plant height, number of branches plant-1, leaf area plant-1, dry matter accumulation plant-1, root dry weight than rest of the treatments and found statistically at par with treatment of SSNM (STCR equation) during both years of investigation. Similarly, yield attributes of safflower were also recorded significantly higher with the application of F3 - SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSo4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)and remain at par with fertilizer application through F2 - SSNM (STCR equation). Application of fertilizer through SSNM (STCR equation) along with ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1 recorded higher seed, protein, oil yield, GMR, NMR, economic efficiency and B:C ratio ha-1. The NPK uptake by the crop was higher with fertilizer application through F3 - SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4@ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)and found statistically comparable with the treatment of SSNM (STCR equation). The available NPK in soil after harvest were also found highest with the application of fertilizer with SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1) during both years of investigation. From the two years study, it is concluded that, the nutrient management treatments did not showed significant influence on aphid population and soil moisture content (%) at different growth stages of safflower. Days to 50% flowering, days to rosette stage and chlorophyll content in plant increased significantly with SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4@ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)as compared to other nutrient management treatments and found numerically on par with treatment of SSNM (STCR equation). Among nutrient management treatments, the treatment of SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)registered higher microbial population of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes and found statistically at par with SSNM(STCR equation) treatment during both the years. As regards growth characters, yield attributes quality parameter, seed yield, biologicalyield, straw yield, economics and total uptake of N,P,K, S,Zn and availableN,P,K, S as well as microbial population were found lowest under the treatment of no fertilizer during the years of study.ThesisItem Open Access Title PERFORMANCE OF Bt COTTON UNDER ETc BASED DRIP IRRIGATION AND POLYMULCH TECHNIQUE.(Publisher : Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-09-27) Authors: ISAL, RAJABHAU LAXMAN; Advisor: Wanjari, Dr. S. SAbstract: A field experiment entitled "PERFORMANCE OF Bt COTTON UNDER ETc BASED DRIP IRRIGATION AND POLYMULCH TECHNIQUE."was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra (India) during kharif 2013-14 and 2014-15 on clayey soil. The cotton crop was sown on 12th June during both the years. The experiment was sown on broad bed furrow laid out with eight treatment combinations in Factorial Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. Treatment comprises of without polythene mulch and with polythene mulch and four irrigation levels as 0.4 ETc, 0.6 ETc,0.8 ETc and 1.0 ETc were constituted the factor I and the factor II respectively and check treatment was taken as farmers practice, where sowing was done on ridges and furrow with polythene mulch and without polythene mulch. 12The soil of experimental plot was medium deep black with fairly uniform and levelled topography. The rainfall at initial stages of crop growth was more than normal during first year and less than the normal during second year of experimentation. During 2013-14, the weather parameter were about normal, whereas during 2014-15, weather parameters fluctuations were sometimes extreme and not so satisfactory for crop growth . Plant height along with growth parameter viz., number of leaves, number of sympodial branches, leaf area and total dry matter plant-1 were significantly improved under polythene mulch during 2013-14 and 2014-15. Application of polythene mulch recorded significantly higher number of bolls plant-1 and seed cotton yield plant-1 seed cotton yield ha-1, stalk and biological yields ha-1 over without polythene mulch during both the years of experimentation. The soil moisture content, water use efficiency and soil temperature were higher under polythene mulch than without polythene mulch. Uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were also higher under polythene mulch. The gross and net monetary returns and B:C ratio were marginal under polythene mulch. Among the four irrigation levels, irrigation level of 1.0 ETc showed higher values of growth parameters such as functional leaves, sympodial branches, leaf area plant-1 and total dry matter plant-1. Whereas, it was comparable with irrigation at 0.8 ETc. As regards yield attributes, number of bolls plant-1, boll weight and seed cotton yield plant-1 were significantly higher with irrigation level 0.8 ETc over 0.4 ETc and 0.6 ETc but was found on par with irrigation level 1.0 ETc. Irrigation level of 0.8 ETc recorded higher seed cotton yield, stalk yield and harvest index. The soil moisture content was significantly higher under the irrigation level at 1.0 ETc, however, water use efficiency was higher under irrigation level 0.4 ETc followed by 0.6 ETc and 0.8 ETc. The higher uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, gross monetary returns, net monetary returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the irrigation level 0.8 ETc fallowed by 1.0 ETc,0.6 ETc and 0.4 ETc irrigation levels. Polythene mulch produced higher growth contributing,yield and yield attributes over without polythene mulch due to higher growth of plant under the polythene mulch. Irrigation level of 1.0 ETc gave the highest values as regards to growth and growth contributing characters, however yield and yield attributes were higher in irrigation level 0.8 ETc As regards to check treatments (farmers practice) sowing on ridges and furrow with polythene mulch gave higher values of growth parameters viz., number of leaves, number of sympodial branches, leaf area plant-1, total dry matter plant-1, yield attributes, gross monetary returns, net monetary returns, and B:C ratio over sowing on ridges and furrow without polymulch during 2013-14 and 2014-15. On the basis of two years data, it could be concluded that application of polythene mulch (silver-black) with 0.8 ETc irrigation throug drip found better for increasing the productivity and economic returns of cotton while saving the water.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORGANIC SOURCES AND PPFM ON MORPHOQUALITATIVE TRAITS AND SOIL HEALTH IN ORGANIC COTTON UNDER RAINFED CONDITION.(2020-12-25) GAIKWAD, GODAVARI SAHEBRAO; Paslawar, Dr. A. N.The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition” was carried out at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2016-17 and 2017-18.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. The treatments consisted of T1: Absolute control (no organics / Inorganics), T2: RD of nutrient through organics on P equivalent basis (FYM @12.5t ha-1), T3: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + foliar application of PPFM @1 % at FL & BD, T4: Neem cake (NC) @ 250 kgha-1, T5 : GM of sunhemp in between cotton rows (GMS) (1:1), T6: Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1), T7: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC, T8: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1), T9: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @ 1 % at FL & BD+ NC + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1) and T10 :Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC + Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1). The experimental soil was Vertisol with clay loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (175.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (15.10 kg ha-1) and very high in potassium content (375.4 kg ha-1). The soil pH, EC and organic carbon were 8.08, 0.34 dSm-1 and 3.80 g kg-1, respectively. The crop was sown on 15th June 2016 and 22nd June 2017.The present investigation entitled “Effect of organic sources and PPFM on morphoqualitative traits and soil health in organic cotton under rainfed condition” was carried out at the farm of Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2016-17 and 2017-18.The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. The treatments consisted of T1: Absolute control (no organics / Inorganics), T2: RD of nutrient through organics on P equivalent basis (FYM @12.5t ha-1), T3: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + foliar application of PPFM @1 % at FL & BD, T4: Neem cake (NC) @ 250 kgha-1, T5 : GM of sunhemp in between cotton rows (GMS) (1:1), T6: Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1), T7: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC, T8: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1), T9: Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @ 1 % at FL & BD+ NC + cotton+ sunhemp (GMS) (1:1) and T10 :Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB each @ 25 gkg-1 of seed) + PPFM @1 % at FL & BD+ NC + Intercrop with blackgram BGS (1:1). The experimental soil was Vertisol with clay loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (175.6 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorus (15.10 kg ha-1) and very high in potassium content (375.4 kg ha-1). The soil pH, EC and organic carbon were 8.08, 0.34 dSm-1 and 3.80 g kg-1, respectively. The crop was sown on 15th June 2016 and 22nd June 2017. Application of recommended dose of nutrient through farm yard manure @12.5 t ha-1 have pronounced significant effect on growth attributes and yield attributes of organic cotton crop and being at par with seed treatment of biofertilzers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) along with application PPFM @ 1% spray and neem cake application @ 250 kg ha-1 with in- situ mulchning of sunhemp GMS (1:1). The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in the treatment FYM @12.5 t ha-1, however, maximum seed cotton equivalent yield was found in seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram BGS (1:1) and intercrop with cotton + blackgram BGS (1:1) only. Organic sources of manures had no significant impact on ginning percentage, seed index, lint index, oil content and all the fiber quality parameters, but numerically higher values were observed in FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 followed by seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray at flowering and boll development stage + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with cotton + blackgram. The treatment of recommended dose of nutrient supplied through FYM differ significantly in relation to growth, yield and uptake of nutrients as compared to plant based organic sources of manures. The NPK uptake, physico-chemical and biological properties were improved through different organic sources. The organic carbon values were improved with treatment of FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1, seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) + PPFM @ 1% spray + neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 + in-situ green maurring sunhemp at 40DAS and cotton + intercropping over initial values of organic carbon as well as over control. Seed treatment of biofertilizer (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g/kg of seed) + PPFM+ neem cake @ 250 kg ha-1 with intercropping of blackgram with cotton was found better in terms of GMR, NMR and B: C ratio as well as economic efficiency. On the basis the above findings, it is concluded that the use of different organic sources i.e biofertilizers, neem cake, PPFM and green manures, intercropping with blackgram among that treatment of FYM found better for maximizing yield and improving soil health. However, based on low cost technology seed treatment of biofertilizers (Azatobactor and PSB @ 25 g /kg of seed) followed by PPFM PGR spray @ 1% + neem cake 250 kgha-1 with cotton + blackgram intercropping system (1:1) was emerged as the best alternative to FYM for economic efficiency and monetary returns of organic cotton along with enhancing soil health by growing improved Hirstum variety of cotton under rainfed conditions.ThesisItem Open Access SITE SPECIFIC NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT BASED ON STCR IN SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.).(2020-12-30) HIWALE, SUMEDH DEVIDAS.; Chorey, Dr. A. B.A field experiment entitled “Site specific nutrient management based on STCR in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius l.)” was conducted during the rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Experimental plot was clayey in texture with medium in organic carbon (0.59%), low in nitrogen (194 kg ha-1), medium in phosphorus (26.10kg ha-1),fairly high amount of potash (325 kg ha-1) and slightly alkaline in nature. The soil was medium deep black belonging to Vertisols. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design replicated four times. The factor ‘A’ consisted of three manure application treatments i.e. M0- no manure, M1 - 5 t FYM ha-1 and M2 - greengram residue incorporation. while the factor ‘B’ consisted of five nutrient management treatments viz., F0- control (no fertilizer), F1 - recommended NPK, F2 - SSNM (STCR equation), F3 - SSNM (STCR equation) + (ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1+ S @ 10 kg ha-1)and F4 - SSNM (NPK) (deficient + 25 % rec.; Medium: rec.; high: -25 % rec.) with fifteen treatment combination. Objective of study was to evaluate the manure application, nutrient management treatments and their interaction effect on growth, yield, quality, nutrient uptake and economics of rabi safflower.Crop variety used in the present investigation was AKS-207. This variety has been evolved by AICRP safflower Centre, Dr. P.D.K.V. Akola. This variety has suitable for Vidarbha region of Maharashtra.ThesisItem Open Access PERFORMANCE OF Bt COTTON UNDER ETc BASED DRIP IRRIGATION AND POLYMULCH TECHNIQUE.(DR. PANJABRAO DESHMUKH KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, AKOLA., 2020-08-27) ISAL, RAJABHAU LAXMAN; Wanjari, Dr. S. SA field experiment entitled "PERFORMANCE OF Bt COTTON UNDER ETc BASED DRIP IRRIGATION AND POLYMULCH TECHNIQUE."was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra (India) during kharif 2013-14 and 2014-15 on clayey soil. The cotton crop was sown on 12th June during both the years. The experiment was sown on broad bed furrow laid out with eight treatment combinations in Factorial Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. Treatment comprises of without polythene mulch and with polythene mulch and four irrigation levels as 0.4 ETc, 0.6 ETc,0.8 ETc and 1.0 ETc were constituted the factor I and the factor II respectively and check treatment was taken as farmers practice, where sowing was done on ridges and furrow with polythene mulch and without polythene mulch. 12The soil of experimental plot was medium deep black with fairly uniform and levelled topography. The rainfall at initial stages of crop growth was more than normal during first year and less than the normal during second year of experimentation. During 2013-14, the weather parameter were about normal, whereas during 2014-15, weather parameters fluctuations were sometimes extreme and not so satisfactory for crop growth . Plant height along with growth parameter viz., number of leaves, number of sympodial branches, leaf area and total dry matter plant-1 were significantly improved under polythene mulch during 2013-14 and 2014-15. Application of polythene mulch recorded significantly higher number of bolls plant-1 and seed cotton yield plant-1 seed cotton yield ha-1, stalk and biological yields ha-1 over without polythene mulch during both the years of experimentation. The soil moisture content, water use efficiency and soil temperature were higher under polythene mulch than without polythene mulch. Uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were also higher under polythene mulch. The gross and net monetary returns and B:C ratio were marginal under polythene mulch. Among the four irrigation levels, irrigation level of 1.0 ETc showed higher values of growth parameters such as functional leaves, sympodial branches, leaf area plant-1 and total dry matter plant-1. Whereas, it was comparable with irrigation at 0.8 ETc. As regards yield attributes, number of bolls plant-1, boll weight and seed cotton yield plant-1 were significantly higher with irrigation level 0.8 ETc over 0.4 ETc and 0.6 ETc but was found on par with irrigation level 1.0 ETc. Irrigation level of 0.8 ETc recorded higher seed cotton yield, stalk yield and harvest index. The soil moisture content was significantly higher under the irrigation level at 1.0 ETc, however, water use efficiency was higher under irrigation level 0.4 ETc followed by 0.6 ETc and 0.8 ETc. The higher uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, gross monetary returns, net monetary returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the irrigation level 0.8 ETc fallowed by 1.0 ETc,0.6 ETc and 0.4 ETc irrigation levels. Polythene mulch produced higher growth contributing,yield and yield attributes over without polythene mulch due to higher growth of plant under the polythene mulch. Irrigation level of 1.0 ETc gave the highest values as regards to growth and growth contributing characters, however yield and yield attributes were higher in irrigation level 0.8 ETc As regards to check treatments (farmers practice) sowing on ridges and furrow with polythene mulch gave higher values of growth parameters viz., number of leaves, number of sympodial branches, leaf area plant-1, total dry matter plant-1, yield attributes, gross monetary returns, net monetary returns, and B:C ratio over sowing on ridges and furrow without polymulch during 2013-14 and 2014-15. On the basis of two years data, it could be concluded that application of polythene mulch (silver-black) with 0.8 ETc irrigation throug drip found better for increasing the productivity and economic returns of cotton while saving the water.
