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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF ODISHA MILLET MISSION ON FINGER MILLET FARMERS OF KPORAPUT DISTRICT(Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra., 2024-06-21) PATNAIK SABYASACHI; Katole, Dr. R. T.The study entitled “Impact of Odisha Millet Mission on Finger millet farmers of Koraput district” was purposively implemented in alone tribal prone Koraput district of Odisha state. The study was conducted in two blocks of Koraput district and three villages from each blocks were selected respectively, on the basis of large numbers of tribal farmers and also because of poverty prone area. Kumuli, Dulaguda and Aunli villages of Borigumma block and Kumbhariput, Charagaon and Cherangul villages of Semiliguda block of koraput district were selected, 10 beneficiary farmers and 10 non-beneficiary famers from each village and in total 30 beneficiary farmers and 30 non-beneficiary farmers from each block taken into consideration. The data was collected from 60 beneficiary and 60 non-beneficiary farmers, thus the sample of 120 farmers were drawn and information from each beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers were collected with the help of structured and pretested interview schedule. The ex-post-facto design of social research was used for the present study.ThesisItem Open Access UTILITY PERCEPTION OF AGRICULTURE STUDENTS TOWARDS RURAL AWARENESS WORKS EXPERIENCE PROGRAMME.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-15) SONAWANE, VIVEK BHAGAVAT.; LAMBE, Dr. S. P.The present study entitled “Utility perception of agriculture students towards rural awareness works experience programme” was conducted College of Agriculture Akola, Dist-Akola and Shri Shivaji Agriculture College, Amravati. Dist- Amravati. 1. To study the profile of RAWE students 2. To study the utility perception of agriculture students towards RAWE programme 3. To study the relationship between profile of RAWE students and their utility perception towards RAWE programme 4. To identify the constraints faced by the students during RAWE programme The present study was conducted mainly with the objective to study “Utility Perception of agriculture students towards rural awareness work experience programme.” The present investigation was conducted in two colleges of agriculture under Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. i.e. College of Agriculture, Akola and Shri Shivaji Agriculture College Amaravti, with a view to know the utility perception of agriculture students towards rural awareness work experience programme. Agriculture Students who were registered for the final year (2019-20) were, purposively selected. From each selected college 60 students were selected comprising a sample of 120, through proportionate random sampling technique. Exploratory research design was used for the study. The findings of present study observed that, majority (65%) of respondents were male. It was found that, majority (59.17 %) of the agriculture students were from rural background. It was observed that, more than half (59.17 %) of the respondent secured 7.50 to 8.49 cumulative grade point (CGPA) and secured first class. It was observed that, majority (40%) of the respondent’s family had belongs to college group. The majority (60.83%) of the student’s parental occupation was agriculture. Maximum (50%) of the respondents were from medium income group (Rs. 99961.14 to 240638.87/-). The data indicated that, 37.5 per cent participants had high aspiration level. It was observed that, majority (67.5 %) of participants had medium achievement motivation. It was observed that, majority (78.34 %) of participants had medium Participated in co-curricular and extra-curricular activities. The data revealed that, majority (54.17%) of the participants perceived medium utility of RAWE in terms of communication skill. The data revealed that, c. The data revealed that, majority (63.33%) of the participants perceived medium utility of RAWE in terms of socio-economic aspects. The data revealed that, majority (61.67%) of the participants perceived medium utility of RAWE in terms of agriculture extension activity. Overall utility perception of student towards RAWE programme: The data revealed that, majority (65.83%) of the participants perceived medium overall utility perception. The constraints as realized by the RAWE students were Problem in understanding the specific reasons for gap in adoption of recommended practices (98.33 %), Problems in conducting Participatory Rural (PRA) in village ( 85.83 %), Problems in organizing social awareness camp in the village (82.50 %), Problems in getting secondary data of village required for socio economic survey (72.50 %), Lack of interest by some of the host farmers (70.00 %), Unable to cover all the activities in given time due to lack of expert advice in villages (69.16 %), More than 80 per cent attendance is essential, however some students are sincere and some are not about the attendance during the programme (68.33 %), Unable to build rapport with farmers initially (63.33 %), Unsatisfactory accommodation facility (62.50 %), Don’t know what to do and how to do in the initial days of RAWE programme (59.16 %).ThesisItem Open Access KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF RECOMMENDED TECHNOLOGIES BY MANDARIN GROWERS.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-10-14) INGOLE, VAIBHAV SANJAY.; Kale, Dr. N. M.The present study entitled “Knowledge and adoption of recommended technologies by mandarin growers” was conducted Chandur Bazar, Achalpur, tehsil of Amravati district of Maharashtra State with following specific objectives. 1. To study the profile of mandarin growers 2. To study the knowledge and adoption of mandarin growers about recommended technologies 3. To study the relationship between the profile of mandarin growers with their knowledge and adoption about recommended technologies 4. To identify the constraints of mandarin growers in adoption of recommended technologies The sample of study comprised of 120 mandarin growers purposively selected from Six villages of each Chandur Bazar and Achalpur taluka of Amravati district The salient findings of the present study revealed that 42.50 per cent of the respondents educated up to higher secondary school level. More than half (55.83%) of the respondents possessed semi medium category of land holding (2.01 to 4.00 ha). Nearly 98.80 per cent of respondent using well/tube well as a source of irrigation.More than three fourth i.e. 85 per cent of the respondent had area under orchard upto 2.00 ha.Majority of the respondents 81.67 per cent using drip irrigation method to irrigate the orchard.Majority of the respondent (41.67 %)had an annual income between 2,00,001 Rs to 4,00,000 Rs.Maximum number of the respondents used to obtain information regarding recommended technologiesoccasionally throughtaluka agriculture officers (66.67%),.More than half (71.67%) of the respondents were observed in medium level of innovativeness.Majority of the respondent had medium (75.00%) level of risk preference Nearly (63.33%) of respondents belonged to medium category of knowledge about recommended technologies of mandarin High proportion (65.83%) of respondents belonged to medium category of adoption about recommended technologies of mandarin The findings of correlation analysis revealed that characteristics such as education, annual income, extension contact innovativeness and risk preference were having positively significant with knowledge and adoption; whereas other variables like land holding, irrigation source, method of irrigation and area under orchard were non-significant with knowledge and adoption about recommended technologies of mandarin As far as constraints in adoption of recommended technologies of mandarin are concerned, all of respondents (100%) faced the constraint of availability market storage facility and location of research station at large distance, followed by 96.67 per cent of the respondents faced the constraints of high cost of labour for orchard operation. Majority (94.17%) of the respondents faced the constraints of High cost for application of recommended technologies. It was observed that 91.67 per cent of the respondents faced the constraints of lack of awareness about crop insurancescheme. Near about 87.50 per cent of the respondent faced the constraint of lacking of training activities. 83.33 per cent of the respondents faced the constraint of lack of awareness about measures to control alternate host. Lack of participation in extension activities is the another constraint faced by more than half (66.67%) of the respondents. Nearly 47.50 per cent of the respondents faced the constraints of lack of awareness about latest technologies used in mandarin orchardThesisItem Open Access TECHNOLOGICAL GAP IN GROUNDNUT CULTIVATION.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-12-08) INGLE, VIJAY NAMDEO.; Chinchmalatpure, Dr. U. R.The study entitled; “Technological Gap in Groundnut Cultivation” was purposively conducted in Yavatmal district of Maharashtra state with the specific objectives. 1. To study the personal, socio-economic, communication and psychological characteristics of groundnut growers 2. To study the technological gap in groundnut cultivation 3. To study the relationship between selected characteristics of groundnut growers and technological gap in groundnut cultivation 4. To identify the constraints faced by the groundnut growers in adoption of recommended cultivation practices of groundnut Exploratory research design was used for the study. A purposive sample of 120 farmers from villages in Yavatmal and Pusad talukas from Yavatmal district was drawn and the data was collected with the help of structured interview schedule. The findings indicated that, majority of the respondents (50.83%) were in middle age group of 36 to 50 years, 46.67 per cent of the respondents were educated up to high school, 48.33 per cent of the respondents belonged to category of small land holding ranging from 1.01 to 2.00 ha., 29.17 per cent of the respondents had annual income up to Rs. 50,001 to Rs 1,00,000/-, 56.67 per cent of the respondents come under1.01 to 2.00 area under groundnut cultivation, 72.50 per cent of the respondents had source of irrigation, 65.84 per cent of the respondents were having medium farming experience, 64.16 per cent of the respondents were having medium level of extension contact, 69.16 per cent of the respondents were having medium level of innovativeness, 68.34 per cent of the respondents were observed under medium level of scientific orientation, 62.50 per cent of the respondents were having medium level of risk orientation, 57.50 per cent of the respondents had medium level of knowledge about groundnut recommended cultivation practices. It was observed that, majority (56.67%) of the respondents were medium category of overall technological gap in adoption of recommended groundnut cultivation practices, followed by 43.33 per cent of respondents were observed in high level of technological gap. The selected characteristics of farmers viz., education, annual income, source of irrigation, farming experience, extension contact, innovativeness, Scientific orientation, risk orientation, and knowledge were negatively but significantly correlated with the technological gap at 0.01 level of probability and scientific orientation were negatively but significantly correlated with the technological gap at 0.05 level of probability. Whereas, age and land holding, area under groundnut crop is non-significantly associated with overall technological gap. It was observed that, majority of the respondents faced constraints in adoption recommended technologies for groundnut cultivation practices like Lack of knowledge about to pass alkali water through gypsum bed before irrigation (80.00), lack of knowledge about unavailability of gypsum (76.66%), followed by lack of knowledge about weather uncertainty (65.83%).ThesisItem Open Access ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR OF TURMERIC GROWERS.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-10-14) KHAWALE, VIVEK GAJANAN.; Chinchmalatpure, Dr. U. R.The present study entitled “Entrepreneurial behaviour of turmeric growers” was conducted Malegaon, Risod, tehsil of Washim district of Maharashtra State with following specific objectives. 1. To study the personal, socio-economic, communication and psychological characteristics of the turmeric growers 2. To study the adoption of the recommended turmeric production technology by the turmeric growers 3. To study the entrepreneurial behaviour of the turmeric growers 4. To study the relationship between personal, socio-economic, communication and psychological characteristics of the turmeric growers with their adoption of recommended turmeric production technology and entrepreneurial behaviour 5. To identify the constraints in adoption of recommended turmeric production technology and marketing as perceived by the turmeric growers The present study on “Entrepreneurial behaviour of turmeric growers” was conducted in Washim district of Maharashtra state. The exploratory research design of social research was used. In all, 120 respondents were selected by random sampling method. The data were collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of structured interview schedule. The data collected were carefully examined, classified, quantified and tabulated. Frequencies, mean, standard deviation were employed for interpreting the results. The findings of the present study revealed that, majority (59.16%) of the respondents belonged to middle age group i.e. between 36 to 50 years. 47.50 percent of the respondents were educated up to College (above 11th standard), together. the majority (48.34%) of the turmeric growers possess small land holding (01.01 to 02.00 ha), Majority (56.66%) of the respondents had 0.61 to 1.20 ha area under turmeric crop. Higher percentile of the respondents (27.50%) had annual income between Rs. 1, 00,001/- to 2,00,000/-. Majority (55.00%) of the respondents had experience up to 8 to 18 years in turmeric cultivation. High percentage (44.16%) of the respondents uses well or tube well as sources of irrigation. Majority (45.00%) of the respondents had medium extension contact for seeking information. Majority (50.83%) of the respondents had medium level of scientific orientation. Majority (71.66%) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge for cultivation of turmeric. Majority (68.33%) of the respondents had medium innovativeness. Majority (65.83%) of the respondents had medium achievement motivation. Majority (55.83%) of the respondents belonging to medium economic motivation category. Majority (54.16%) of the respondents found medium category of decision making ability. Nearly two third (73.33%) of the respondents had medium category of risk preference. Majority (52.50%) of the respondents belonged to medium category of leadership ability. Majority (67.50%) of the respondents belongs to medium category of management orientation. Majority (40.00%) of the respondents possess medium entrepreneurial behaviour. The calculated co-relation co-efficient between adoption of respondents and their profile revealed the following results which clearly indicates that selected characteristics of turmeric growers i.e. land holding, area under turmeric crop, annual income, scientific orientation and knowledge had positive and significant relationship at 0.01 level of probability with adoption. Whereas, farming experience, extension contact had negative significant relationship at 0.01, percent level of probability with adoption level of turmeric growers. Age, education, source of irrigation had positive and non-significant relationship with adoption level. While only extension contact had positive and significant relation at 0.05 percent level of probability with adoption. The results of the co-relation co-efficient between entrepreneurial behaviour of respondents and their profile results which clearly indicates that selected characteristics of turmeric growers i.e. Land holding, annual income, and knowledge had positive and significant relationship at 0.01 level of probability with entrepreneurial behaviour whereas, area under turmeric crop, extension contact and scientific orientation had positive significant relationship at 0.05, percent level of probability with entrepreneurial behaviour of turmeric growers. While age, farming experience, sources of irrigation had negative and non-significant relationship with entrepreneurial behaviour. Most of the constraints faced by turmeric growers it can be observed at the time of cultivation that, majority (68.33%) of the respondents were expressed problem of rhizome are costly at sowing time, followed by 65 per cent of the the respondents expressed that they have not getting proper rhizome (quality) at required time and 60 per cent of the respondents facing problem in difficulties in land preparation. In addition, respondents facing problems of irregular supply of electricity (58.33), lack of availability of labours in time (57.5 %) and lack of availability of fertilizers in time (49.16%). Further, 45.83 per cent of the respondents expressed problem of High cost of harvesting and unavailable of cooker for harvesting at necessity time. In marketing condition, 63.33 percent of the respondent faced major problems in low price for the produce, followed by 61.67 per cent of the respondents expressed that they have non availability of proper storage facility. In addition, respondents facing problems of high cost of transportation (53.33), Price fluctuations (48.33 %) and lack of proper information of market is not available (43.33%).ThesisItem Open Access ADOPTION OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY PADDY GROWERS(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-08-24) CHANDANGIRIWAR, SHUBHAM SUNIL.; Shambharkar, Dr. Y. B.The present study entitled “Adoption of Integrated Nutrient Management by paddy growers” was conducted in Chamorshi, Gadchiroli and Dhanora talukas of Gadchiroli District of Maharashtra State with following specific objectives. 1. To study the personal, socio-economic, situational, communication and psychological characteristics of paddy growers 2. To study the knowledge of paddy growers about integrated nutrient management practices 3. To study the adoption of integrated nutrient management practices by the paddy growers 4. To study the relationship between selected characteristics of paddy growers and adoption of integrated nutrient management practices 5. To identify the constraints faced by the paddy growers in adoption of integrated nutrient management practices The farmers growing Paddy since last three years consecutively were identified and from each selected village. Paddy growers as respondents were selected randomly to constitute sample size of 120 respondents. The data from paddy growers was collected by personal interview method. The findings of personal characteristics indicated that, higher percentage of Paddy growers (44.17%) were in the middle age group, educated up to middle school (30.00%), possessed small land holding (45.83%), and having annual income up to Rs.1,14,000/- (36.67%). The findings with regards to situational and communicational characteristics indicated that, majority (36.37%) of the respondents had put 1.01 to 2.00 ha. area under paddy cultivation, medium level of availability of inputs (71.67%), medium level of mass media exposure (60.00%), medium level of extension contact (54.16%), medium level of both scientific orientation and economic motivation (70.00%) and (60.00%) respectively, medium level of knowledge (70.00%) and medium level of adoption (72.50%) of integrated nutrient management practices by paddy growers. Results of correlation analysis revealed that age, education, land holding, availability of inputs, mass media exposure, extension contact, scientific orientation and economic motivation had positive and highly significant correlation with knowledge. Also, age, education, land holding and availability of inputs had positive and highly significant correlation with adoption. Whereas area under paddy were found to be non-significantly correlated with adoption of Integrated Nutrient Management practices by paddy growers. The major constraints faced by the paddy growers in adoption of integrated nutrient management practices, were lack of knowledge about micronutrients required to overcome deficiency in paddy crop (70.83%), lack of technical knowledge and skill involved in seed treatment (57.50%), high cost of fertilizers (20.00%), lack of finance ( 48.33%) and no proper storage facility (42.50%).ThesisItem Open Access KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY MAIZE GROWERS(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-11-13) MOREY, MADHURI DYANESHWAR.; Bhople, Dr. P. P.The present study entitled “Knowledge and adoption of integrated pest management practices by maize growers” was conducted in Buldhana , Motala and Malkapur tahasil of Buldhana district of Maharashtra State with following specific objectives. 1.To study the personal, socio-economic, communicational and psychological characteristics of maize growers 2.To study the knowledge and adoption of integrated pest management practices by maize growers 3.To study the relationship between selected characteristics of maize growers with knowledge and adoption of integrated pest management practices by maize growers 4.To identify the constraints faced by the maize growers in adoption of IPM practices in maize crop The study conducted in Buldhana, Motala, Malkapur talukas of Buldhana District. On the basis of maximum area under maize crop; four villages were identified from the selected talukas on the basis of maximum area under maize crop.ten respondents were selected from each selected villages from above selected tahsils, thus making a total sample of 120 respodents. From 12 villages of three tahsils of Buldhana district. Thus, data was collected with the help of structured and pretested interview schedule from 120 farmers. The finding of present investigation indicate that , majority of the maize growers (50.83%) were in the middle age group of 36 to 50 years, near about half of the respondents i.e. 49.17 and 25.83 per cent were educated up to secondary school and middle school respectively, about (36.67%) of the respondents were possessed semi- medium land holding category, more than fifty per cent (57.67%) of the respondents having agriculture as their occupation, Three fourth of the respondents i.e. 65.00 per cent had medium farming experience, nearly fifty percent of the maize growers i.e. 49.17 and 20.83 per cent had annual income between Rs. 1,00,001/- to Rs. 2,00,000/- and upto Rs. 1,00,000/- respectively, nearly about three fourth (72.50%) of the respondents had seasonal cropping pattern, most of the respondents (60.83%) had medium (1.01 to 2.00 ha) area under cultivation of maize crop, majority of respondents (66.67%) were found to be in the middle level of use sources of information, nearly about three fourth i.e. 68.33 per cent of the respondents were found in medium category of economic motivation and near about three fourth of the respondents i.e. 66.67 % were found in medium category of scientific orientation. In case of knowledge, the findings among the selected variables, education was positively and highly significant with the knowledge of maize growers about IPM practices of maize crop. In case of adoption,The finding among the selected variables, education, farming experience and economic motivation were positively and highly significant with adoption of IPM practices of maize crop. The majority 70.84 per cent of the respondents had medium level of knowledge about recommended IPM practices of maize. The Majority of i.e.72.50 per cent of the respondents had medium level of adoption of recommended IPM practices of maize crop.ThesisItem Open Access PERCEPTION OF PADDY GROWERS TOWARDS PDKV TILAK VARIETY.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-11-12) RAMTEKE, TRUPTI NAGSEN.; GAWANDE, DR. S. A.The present study entitled: - Perception of paddy growers towards pdkv tilak variety was contacted Chandrapur district of Sindewahi tehsil of Maharashtra State with following specific objectives: - 1. To study the personal, socio-economic, communicational and psychological characteristics of paddy growers 2. To study the perception of paddy growers towards PDKV Tilak variety 3. To study the relationship between selected characteristics of paddy growers and their perception towards PDKV Tilak variety. 4. To study the spread-up area of PDKV Tilak variety 5. To identify the constraints faced by paddy growers in cultivation of PDKV Tilak variety of paddy. The Present study on perception of paddy growers towards pdkv tilak variety was conducted in Chandrapur district of Maharashtra state. The Random exploratory research design of social research was use. In all, 120 respondents were selected by random sampling method the data were collected by personally interviewing the respondents with help of structured interview schedule the data collected were carefully examined, mean, standard deviation were employed for interpreting the results. Finding of the study which is concluded as follows. 1) Majority of the respondents (43.33%) belonged to middle age group i.e. between 36 to 50 years 2) Majority of respondents (37.5%) of the respondents had completed ‘secondary school’ education 3) Majority of respondents (75.33%) of the respondents were having medium family size (5 to 8 members) 4) Majority of respondents (45.83%) had belonged to 2.01 – 4.00 ha land holding 5) Near about of the respondents (37.5%) using PDKV Tilak variety were having annual income up to Rs,1,00,001/- to Rs.1,50,000/- 6) Majority of the respondents (63.33%) had medium farming experience 7) Majority of the respondents (51.67%) had medium area under paddy. 8) Majority of respondents (42.5%) had ‘medium’ category of source of information 9) Majority of respondents (43.33%) had ‘medium’ category area under PDKV Tilak variety 10) Majority of respondents (61.67%) had medium level of economic motivation 11) Majority of respondents (54.17%) were including in the category of medium innovativeness. 12) Maximum number of respondents had (47.5%) high level of perception about PDKV Tilak varietyThesisItem Open Access TRAINING NEEDS OF SELF HELP GROUP MEMBERS ABOUT FRUITS AND VEGETABLES PROCESSING(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2020-11-13) GAWAI, POOJA MANOHAR.; Raut, Dr. R. S.The present study on “Training needs of Self Help Group members about fruits and vegetables processing” was conducted in Amravati districts of Maharashtra state. The exploratory research design of social research was used. In all, 120 SHG members were selected by random sampling method. The data were collected by personally interviewing the respondents with the help of structured interview schedule. The data collected were carefully examined, classified, quantified, and tabulated. Frequencies, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of correlation were employed for interpreting the results. Nearly half of the SHG members (49.17%) were in the middle age group of 36 to 50 years. 46.66 and 35.84 per cent of the SHG members were educated upto secondary and higher secondary school, respectively. More than fifty per cent of the members i.e. (56.67%) have medium experience in fruits and vegetables processing. Maximum number of the members (44.66%) were found in the small category of land holding. More than one third of members (80.00%) had nuclear type of family. Majority number of members (87.50%) were involved in the agriculture occupation along with SHG. Also, 48.34 and 21.66 per cent of the members had annual income between Rs. 1,00,001 /- to Rs. 1,50,000/- and Rs. 50,001/- to Rs. 1,00,000/-each. Majority (56.66%) of the members getting income between Rs. 50,001/- to Rs. 75,000/- from SHG. Many of the members (54.17%) were include in medium category of economic motivation. 58.34 per cent of the members were in medium level of the social participation. 61.66 per cent of the members were found to be in the medium level of the use of sources of information. Majority of the members (64.16%) had not received training related to fruits and vegetables processing. More than half of the members (62.05%) needed medium level of training in field of fruits and vegetables processing. With regard to training needs, the findings of correlation analysis revealed that characteristics such as sources of information was positively and highly significantly correlated with the training needs of fruits and vegetables processing. The variables namely education, experience in SHG, occupation, annual income, income from SHG and social participation, were positively and significantly correlated with the training needs of SHG members about fruits and vegetables. The variables age, land holding, and training received had a negative and non-significant correlation with the training needs of SHG members about fruits and vegetables. The major constraints faced by the SHG members were avaibility of raw material (65.00%), followed by low return (59.16%), weak financial management (57.50%). The other constraints faced by the members were inadequate financial assistance (56.66%), ignorance of members and problem of marketing (55.83%) and inadequate training facility (53.34%) and lack of stability and unity especially among women (49.16%) these were the constraints faced by the members of SHGs.
