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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola was established on 20th October, 1969 with its head-quarter at Akola. This Agricultural University was named after the illustrious son of Vidarbha Dr. Panjabrao (alias Bhausaheb) Deshmukh, who was the Minister for Agriculture,Govt. of India. The jurisdiction of this university is spread over the eleven districts of Vidarbha. According to the University Act 1983 (of the Government of Maharashtra), the University is entrusted with the responsibility of agricultural education, research and extension education alongwith breeder and foundation seed programme.
The University has its main campus at Akola. The instructional programmes at main campus are spread over in 5 Colleges namely, College of Agriculture, College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Post Graduate Institute. At this campus 4 degree programmes namely B.Sc.(Agri.) B.Sc. (Hort.), B.Sc. (Forestry) and B.Tech. (Ag. Engg.) , two Master’s Degree Programmes viz. M.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Tech. (Agri.Engg.) and Doctoral Degree Programmes in the faculties of Agriculture and Agril. Engineering are offered.
The University has its sub-campus at Nagpur with constituent College, College of Agriculture which offers B.Sc.(Agri.) and M.Sc.(Agri.) degree programmes. The Nagpur Campus is accomplished with a garden, surrounded by its natural beauty and a well established Zoo which attract the general public and visitors to the city. A separate botanic Garden is being maintained on 22 hectares with a green house for the benefit of research workers.
In addition there are 2 affiliated grant-in-aid colleges and 14 private non-grant-in-aid colleges under the umbrella of this University
A Central Research Station is situated at the main Campus which caters to the need of research projects undertaken by Crop Scientists of the principle crops of the region are Cotton, Sorghum, Oilseeds and Pulses.
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ThesisItem Open Access GRAM PRODUCTION IN INDIA: TREANDS AND DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-08) BHARGANDE, SANTOSH BANDU.; Shende, Dr. N. V.The research entitled “Gram production in India: Trends and decomposition analysis” was carried out with the objectives to work out the state wise growth rate of area, production and productivity of gram in India, to estimate state wise instability of gram in India, to study state wise trends of area, production and productivity of gram in India and to study the relative contribution of area and productivity on production of gram in India. The study was based on the secondary data of area, production and productivity of gram in India. The complete data of gram available for all states of India from 1996-97 to 2015-16 was split into two sub-periods i.e. period-I 1996-97 to 2005-06 and period-II 2006-07 to 2015-16. The growth rates were calculated by exponential function and instability by Coefficient of variation and Cuddy Della Valle’s instability index. The relative contribution of area and yield to change in output was estimated by using Minhas decomposition model. The state wise analysis was carried out for the period-I, period-II and overall. The result showed that, the compound growth rates for area was positive for all the gram growing states except Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh during period-I, Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh during period-II. At overall level the compound growth rates of area, production and productivity of gram were highest in Andhra Pradesh. The highest coefficient of variation for area was observed in Karnataka. Whereas, the highest coefficient of variation for production and productivity under gram cultivation was observed in Andhra Pradesh. The highest Cuddy Della Valle’s instability index for area and production was observed in Rajasthan. And productivity was observed in Andhra Pradesh. The highest average area and production was observed in Madhya Pradesh whereas, the highest average productivity was observed in Andhra Pradesh. The average area under cultivation of gram for last twenty year was 75.45 lakh hectares, production 64.63 lakh tonne and productivity 848.70 kg / ha. For all most all the states the cubic functions were best fitted, except for Maharashtra and Karnataka. The R2 was estimated in the range 0.36 to 0.91 for area, 0.38 to 0.90 for production and 0.22 to 0.67 for productivity. The decomposition analysis for India was estimated the largest area effect on gram production. In both the period as well as overall. If represent that policy maker should focus on the income in productivity through providing high yielding varieties and improved technology.ThesisItem Open Access TRADE PERFORMANCE OF INDIA SUGAR.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-08) AMOOLYA, S. N.; Shende, Dr. N. V.Sugar is derived mainly from sugarcane and sugar beet. Sugar is one of the most important commodity produced and consumed around the world. The present study explores the growth and performance of export and import of sugar in India. The secondary time series data for the last 20 years i.e. (1997-2017) regarding export and import were collected from various websites were India Agristat, FAO STAT and ISMA. The entire 20 years was equally divided into two periods i.e. period I (1997-2007) and period II (2007-2017). The following specific objectives were considered to accomplish the study: Growth and instability in export and import of Indian sugar, export competitiveness of sugar in India and factors influencing sugar export from India. The collected data were analysed with the help of statistical tools like CGR, CV, NPC and factors affecting export of sugar (Cobb-Douglas) in order to fulfil the objective of the study. The study indicates that the export of sugar has shown a positive and significant growth for the entire study period for export quantity (22.79 per cent per annum) and value (16.72 per cent per annum) but in period II of export value has shown negative growth (-4.98 per cent per annum).The import of sugar has shown a positive and significant only for import quantity of period II (69.97 per cent per annum). The CGR of import quantity and value for period I (-27.93 per cent per annum and -24.52 per cent per annum) was negative and non-significant. High instability was found in import than in export of sugar during the whole study period. The highest instability was found in import value with 129.57 per cent. The NPC value of sugar was found greater than unity (1.14) indicates that the sugar is protected and effective incentives were given to producers, when it was analysed for the two different period in period I and period II, it was observed during the period I with average NPC value 1.12 while the period II was worked out to 1.16 which shows sugar is not competitive. Sugar export was observed to be affected by two factors i.e. export price and exchange rate.Thus, the study concluded that Indian sugar export are not competitive in world market, Hence there is need to increase the production of sugar, maintain sanitization and standardization which will ultimately increase the demand for Indian sugar in global market and will also improve the international price of sugar.ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SERICULTURE IN NAGPUR DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-26) KADU, KU. ASMITA GOVINDRAO.; Bagde, Shri. N. T.The present study entitled “Economic analysis of sericulture in Nagpur district” was undertaken in two tehsils of Nagpur district i.e. Kuhi and Ramtek with a view to know socio economic characteristics of mulberry growers, examine input used, cost structure, returns and problem faced by farmers in production and marketing of cocoon. Data pertains to the year 2017-18. The standard cost concepts were used for working out per hectare cost and returns from mulberry. Whereas amortized cost concept were used for working out per hectare cost and returns from cocoon. The constraint in production and marketing was identified by using simple tabular analysis. The following conclusions were drawn from the study. The study was based on total 60 mulberry growers. It states that, the average size of the family worked out to 5 individuals per households. Out of which 2 mens, 2 women and and 1 children. Whereas 6.66 per cent illiterate and 93.34 per cent are literate. The possession of average land holding was 2.06 hectares. The gross cropped area was 3.73 hectares. The cropping intensity was found to be 195.28 per cent. The per hectare establishment cost of mulberry garden was worked out to at cost A, cost B and cost C was Rs. 28405.55, Rs. 29380.88 and Rs. 33522.12, respectively. The cost of cultivation of mulberry crop for the year 207-18 was worked out to cost C was 54654.41 Rs/ha. The major share of cost of cultivation goes towards human labour i.e. 20.44 per cent. Whereas return obtained from mulberry leaves was 18890.90 kg./ha (Rs. 56672.70). The input output ratio was found to maximum as 1:1.51 at cost C. The per hectares cost of silk cocoon production was incurred as Rs. 77104.63. The estimated per hectares net return from cocoon production was Rs. 55983.29. The cost benefit ratio worked out was 1:1.45. The high cost of establishment of rearing unit, inadequate knowledge about improved method of rearing and more transportation cost for transport of cocoon to distance market were the major problems in production and marketing of cocoon.ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF GINGER IN INDIA.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-26) VERMA, KAPIL.; Dangore, Dr. U. T.Ginger belonging to family Zingiberaceae which has about 50 genera and 1600 species. Ginger is one of the important commercial crop. It is a crop of tropical and sub-tropical region and requires warm humid climate. Its origin is tropical rainforest in south Asia. The objective of the study was to analyse the export performance of Ginger in India. The secondary time series data for the last 30 years i.e.1986-87 to 2015-16 regarding production export quantity and export value were collected from various issues of Spice board of India, APEDA and FAOSTAT. The entire 30 years was equally divided into two period i.e., period I (1986-87 to 2000-01) and period II (2001-02 to 2015-16). The collected data were analysed with the help of statistical tools like CGR, CV, Coppock’s instability Index, trend analysis and Index number in order to fulfil the objective of the study. There is increase in agriculture exports but percentage share of agriculture export to total exports was decreasing due to increase in share of manufacturing sectors, service sectors etc. There is increase in quantity of India’s ginger export during overall period and percentage share of worlds ginger export to India’s ginger export was also increasing in whole period of study. The growth rate of ginger production in India was found to be positive and highly significant during the period I, period II and overall period of the study. The growth rate for export quantity and export value of ginger export was found positive and highly significant for period I, period II and overall period. As regards the production, export quantity and export value of ginger shows the highest variation was observed 59.61,69.14 and126.19 per cent of coefficient of variation in overall period respectively. Instability in ginger production was increase in period II. The instability in export quantity and export value of ginger decrease in period II There was an increase in trend in production, export quantity, export value, domestic and International price of ginger during overall period was positive and among the competitive parametric models, all cases cubic models are found best fitted based on R2 and significance of coefficients. The index number shows the annual trend for the values, which indicate that the index number for production of world as well as India’s world export and India’s export, value of ginger export, domestic and International price of ginger were increasing trend in overall period on the initial tri-annum (1986-87 to 19888-89) ending as a base value. The NPC value of ginger showed that in period I with average NPC value as 0.71 and NPC value for the period II was 1.08 which indicate that, Indian ginger is competitiveness in international market.ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDE USE IN COTTON IN NAGPUR DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-16) MANE, SAURABH BABANRAO.; Shende, Dr. N. V.The present study entitled “Economic analysis of pesticide use in cotton in Nagpur district” was undertaken in three tahsils of Nagpur district i.e. Savner, Narkhed and Hingna with a view to know frequency and extent of pesticide used by cotton growers, examine cost and returns with special reference to pesticide use, optimum level of pesticide use and safety measures adopted by farmers in production of cotton. Data pertains to the year 2018-19. The standard cost concepts were used for working out per hectare cost and returns from cotton. The constraint in production and marketing was identified by using simple tabular analysis. The following conclusions were drawn from the study. The study was based on total 90 cotton growers. It states that, the average size of the and holding worked out to 2.19 hectare. Whereas The gross cropped area was 2.70 hectares. The cropping intensity was found to be 127.07 per cent. The per hectare cost of cultivation of cotton crop for the year 2018-19 was worked out to cost C1 was 72775.66 Rs/ha. The major share of cost of cultivation goes towards plant protection chemicals i.e. 8.70 per cent. Whereas return to scale of pesticide was 2.15. The input output ratio was found to maximum as 1:1.16 at cost C. The per hectares cost of cotton production was incurred as Rs. 5022.28 per hectare. The cost benefit ratio worked out was 1:1.65 . The optimum quantity of pesticide required for cotton was 5.27 litr./ha. Farmers spray average 5 to 6 spray per farm of cotton. 47.77 per cent farmers doesn’t use any protective covers during spraying. The high cost of pesticides, inadequate knowledge about safe handling practices and high cost of human labour were the major problems in production cotton.ThesisItem Open Access EMPLOYMENT, INCOME AND EXPENDITURE PATTERN OF TRIBAL IN AMRAVATI DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-05) SAWAI, KU. EKTA ANILRAO; Bagde, Shri. N. T.Present study was carried out to observe the pattern of Employment, Income and Expenditure of tribals in Amravati district. For the purpose of six villages were selected from two tehsils i.e. Achalpur and Dharani of Amravati district. The study was undertaken to investigate the employment pattern, income received from various sources, expenditure pattern and the factors influencing on employment, income and expenditure of tribal families. To accomplish the stated objectives, Amravati district in Maharashtra was selected purposively. From the district two tehsils namely Achalpur and Dharani were selected. From two tehsils, three villages from each tehsil were selected. The total six villages namely Mhasona, Ekalaspur, and Parasapur from Achalpur tehsil and Zilpi, Sadrabardi and Sawalikhed from Dharani tehsil were selected. Ten tribal families were selected, hence total number of sample of sixty tribal families were selected for the study. The average size of the family was estimated to 5.00 individuals per households. Out of which 2 male, 2 female and 1 children. Regarding education of families 10 per cent were illiterate and 90 per cent are literates. It is observed that average land holding of per household was 1.37 ha. The value of building was Rs.67749.17. Majority of households i.e. 32 were possessing the cows. Draft animals were maintained by the 26 households. Buffalos, Goat and poultry birds were reared by 4, 16 and 17 households respectively. The tribals employed in a year for 263.82 days. On an average tribals got employment from crop production for 33.81 days and from livestock rearing 6.32 days. They got more employment from government schemes i.e. 63.81 days and forest produce collection 37.07 days. Average net income derived from the crop production and livestock activities was estimated to Rs. 79760.25 ( i.e. 51.12 per cent ) income from business and services was worked out to Rs. 37400.00 ( i.e. 23.97 per cent ). Earning from government scheme and forest produce collection derived to Rs. 21605.97 and Rs.14868.67 (i.e. 13.85 per cent and 9.54 per cent) respectively. The average per family consumption expenditure worked out to be Rs. 49763.38 among different items of expenditure. The total expenditure on food was contributing Rs. 9056.81 and on other necessities of life Rs. 21780.08. Expenditure on input was derived as Rs. 16926.70. It shows very less expenditure on food item and education which result in poor health and low standard of living. The factors influencing the Employment, Income and Expenditure pattern of tribal are influenced by the gross family employment, gross cropped area, working members, family members, livestock, value of total assets, total consumption expenditure, loan and gross income. It may be concluded from the above study that the tribals are living under the line of poverty and they were having a very low level of standard of living.ThesisItem Open Access ACREAGE RESPONSE OF MAJOR CROPS IN NAGPUR DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-05) KHUNE, GIRISH VINAYAK.; Shende, Dr. N. V.The present study entitled “Acreage response of major crops in Nagpur district” was undertaken to know rate of growth in area, magnitude of instability, acreage response and price elasticity of major crops. The study has been taken in Nagpur district. Data pertains for the year 2002-03 to 2016-17. The decomposition analysis and regression model in the form of Nerlovian lagged adjustment model (1958) was used in the present study. The study calculated that, the growth rate for area and production under major crop was positive except soybean crop in Nagpur district for the study period and statically significantly. The instability of area, production and yield in major crops was estimated for Nagpur district. It was observed that more fluctuation. It may be because the crops largely depend on vagaries of nature which cause heavy losses. Per cent contribution of area effect was found most responsible factors for increasing the production of wheat, gram and cotton in Nagpur district. Interaction effect was positive for all the crops except soybean. The Nerlovian lagged adjustment regression model revealed that, the coefficient of farm harvest price in soybean, paddy and cotton significance at 1 per cent level. The lagged acreage variable was found significant in soybean and gram for Nagpur district with 1 per cent level of significance. Yield risk variable had a negative and statistically insignificant response in paddy, wheat and gram of Nagpur district and positive insignificant in soybean and cotton of Nagpur district which shows farmers are relatively better risk bearers. Long run price elasticity was comparatively higher than the short run price elasticity in some crop indicated that the farmers were relatively market oriented in their decisions in the long run than in the short run in respect to the major crops.ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAC PRODUCTION IN GONDIA DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-09-05) WANI, PRAMOD PANDURANG.; Nagpure, Dr. S. C.The research study “Economic analysis of lac production in Gondia district” with the objectives to study the socio-economic characteristics of selected lac growers, to work out the costs and returns of lac production, to study the constraints faced by lac growers in production were studied. The result pertaining to this aspect was based on primary data collected through survey method from six villages from Amgaon and Salekasa tehsils. In Amgaon tahsil 3 villages were selected surrounding Amgaon town namely Dhabaditola, Chichtola and Pipaltola. Similarly three villages viz. Sitepala, Halbitola and Gorre under Salekasa Tahsils were selected purposively of Gondia district for the year 2018-19. Sixty lac growers from different size groups of land holding and having more than ten palash trees were selected to study costs and returns of lac production. The study revealed that, regarding age of lac growers majority of them 48.33 per cent were in the middle age group, 43.33 per cent were in the old age group and only 8.32 per cent majority of young age group and the type of the family of selected 60 lac growers the 43 farmers belongs to nuclear family which was 71.70 per cent, and 17 farmers i.e. 28.30 per cent constitute in joint family. At overall level 5.00 per cent of Lac growers were illiterate and rest of them have educated. The average land holding was worked out to 2.09 ha and 91.87 per cent area was under net cultivation while 33.49 per cent area under irrigation and gross cropped area was 2.86 ha. The cropping intensity worked out to 148.96 per cent. The total cost of lac production of palash for per tree was found at Rs.558.30. The gross return obtained from lac of per tree of palash trees cultivation was found to be Rs.1298. The net return was found to be Rs.729.45. The per tree of benefit cost ratio was worked out to at Cost A 9.93, at cost B it was 4.49 and at Cost C was worked out to 2.32.ThesisItem Open Access EMPLOYMENT, INCOME AND EXPENDITURE PATTERN OF TRIBAL IN GADCHIROLI DISTRICT.(Dr. Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra., 2019-07-08) HALDAR, KU. POOJA HAREKRISHNA.; Nagpure, Dr. S. C.Tribals are known to be the autochthonous people of the land. A group of people, often of related families, who live together, sharing the same language, culture, and history, especially those who do not live in towns or cities. In the present study an attempt has been made to study the “Employment, Income and Expenditure Pattern of Tribal in Gadchiroli District”. On the basis of population of tribal people, two taluka i.e. Dhanora and Korchi from Gadchiroli district was selected adjoining to the forest area. Three villages from each taluka were selected randomly i.e. total six villages adjoin to the forest area. Functional analysis were carried out to know the employment pattern of selected tribals, income generated from different sources by the selected tribals, expenditure pattern of selected households and factors influencing employment, income and expenditure of selected samples, by using the multiple linear regression equations. From the present study it was concluded that, tribals have low standard of living, illiteracy and education upto primary level, low capital investment in productive asset was seen amongst the tribal families. The tribals households had mostly the poor quality lands and absence of quality facilities and hence, they are diverted towards other works as under MGNREGA. The period of idle days during the year intersect the tribal worker of per family member average work day for farm tribals were 139 days. The major sources of income from crop production, wages of human labour, livestock, business and services and sale of forest produce viz., the average income of family worked out to the tribals were Rs. 140892.48 at the overall level. The accrued income was not enough to meet the family expenditure which ultimately created a deficit in the family budget. There exists a scope to increase an average annual gross family income with an increase in gross cropped area, number of earners and expenditure on crop and livestock activities. The proportion of expenditure on food item was to the extent of sixty family for tribal was Rs. 6139046 per year with average of Rs. 102317.43 of the consumption expenditure. The major items of food were cereals followed by pulses, vegetables, meat, oil and milk etc. Consumption expenditure of tribals was found to be significantly influenced by the annual gross family income and family size of the sample tribal household.
