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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

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2012 - 20198
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Epidemiology and Development of Integrated Module for the Management of Dirty Panicle Disease of Rice
    (Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, 2019) Silodia, Kunika; Bhale, M.S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic variability for resistance against root lesion nematode and dry root rot fungus in chickpea
    (Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, 2018) Jatav, Rajbabbar; Singh, S.N.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Investigation on variability in Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. incitant of blight of mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]
    (Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, 2018) Kumar, Ashwini; Singh, S.N.
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    Radiation induced mutation for resistance against dry root rot of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (JNKVV, 2016) Shivajirao, Pawar Maruti; Gupta, Om
    ABSTRACT Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important cool-season food legume grown extensively throughout the Indian subcontinent. In India chickpea is being grown in 8.32 million hectare with production of 9.8 million tonnes and 925 - kg/ha productivity (Project coordinators report, 2015-16). Dry root rot of chickpea caused by Rhizoctonia bataticola is becoming serious disease under the changing climate scenario resistant sources in the available genotypes / varieties is the demand of the day. Present investigation entitled “Radiation Induced Mutation for Resistance against Dry Root Rot of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” was aimed at identification of suitable mutant or a combination of mutants influencing resistance to dry root rot in chickpea. The experimental material was consisted of the population of three selected cultivars of chickpea (JG 63, JG 74, and JG 130) grown in factorial randomized block design in the Seed Breeding Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Jabalpur (M.P) under AICRP on chickpea project during Rabi 2014-15 first season 2015-16 Kharif second season offseason nursery Dharwad and Rabi 2015-2016 third season. The laboratory studies were conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur. Dry seeds (10-12% moisture content) of these varieties were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (150 GY, 200 GY and 400 GY). Another set of pre soaked seeds in distilled water (12hrs.) were treated with ethyl methane sulphonate at different concentration (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4%) prepared for 6 hours with constant intermitted shaking in shaker and washed under running tap water. A portion of seeds irradiated at 150 and 200 GY gamma- ray doses were also treated with 0.3% and 0.4% EMS independently for 6 hours. Present findings revealed that JG 63, JG 74, JG 130 showed significant variation in biological and physiological parameters and disease resistance against dry root rot for mutagenic treatments i.e, 200 GY, 400 GY, 0.3% EMS, 0.4% EMS, 150 GY+0.3% EMS, 200 GY+0.3% EMS. Among 11 treatments, seven have shown effect on biological traits of experimental varieties i.e. change in seedling height; decrease in germination percentage and in plant height as compared to control in M2 and M3 generations. The efficacy of Gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and their combination treatment for resistance in M3 progeny against the dry root rot resistance by using blotter paper technique and sick field screening concluded that 200 GY treatment of physical mutagen, combination treatment of 200 GY+0.2% EMS and in chemical treatment 0.3% EMS shows dry root rot resistance against JG 63 and highly susceptible against two varieties JG 74 and JG130 in M3 generation. JG 63 possess maximum relative water content percent, maximum chlorophyll content and minimum leakage of ions in membrane stability index percent and less percent mortality due to dry root rot and considered as resistant as compared to other varieties JG 74 and JG 130 at different mutagenic treatments in M3 generation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    Wilt of chickpea with special reference to characterization of races and variant of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and parameters associated with resistance
    (JNKVV, 2015) Patil, Minakshi Ganeshrao; Gupta, Om
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the most important pulse crop among the major Rabi pulses of India. Fusarium wilt which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris is considered to be the most devastating disease of this crop. Among the different seven isolates used in this study, Isolates I-19 and I-28 resulted 100 per cent mortality within 11 days whereas, isolates I-13 and I-80 resulted 100 per cent mortality within 16 and 17 days respectively on highly susceptible cultivar JG 62. Whereas, in highly resistant cultivar JG 315 isolates I-19 and I-28 showed resistant reaction, I-20, I-13 and I-1 showed moderately resistant whereas, I-4 and I-80 showed susceptible reaction within 25 days after transplanting. In case of cultural and morphological characters, growth pattern among the isolates varied as fluffy, partial fluffy, cottony growth, partial submerged and submerged. Studies on growth rate i.e. colony diameter and time required for maximum spore production exhibited the maximum and fast growth was obtained by Isolates I – 20 and I – 13 within seven days of incubation whereas, the isolates I-4 showed slow growth on 9th day. Macro conidia varies from 1.7 to 9.1x105on 5th and on 7th DAI whereas, microconidia possessed 2.0 to 9.1x105 after 5th and 7th DAI. Isolates I-1 showed minimum and I-13 showed maximum dry weight of mycelial mat on liquid media respectively. The highest growth was observed in Czapek’s Dox agar and on PDA among the all tested medium. While, Ashby’s agar was less favorable for the growth of many isolates. Temperature ranged from 25-30OC and pH ranged from 6.0-6.5 exhibited best for the growth and sporulation of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Seedling reaction of ten chickpea differential genotypes against races and variants of F.oxysporum f. sp. ciceris revealed the existence of pathogenic variability among these isolates. The cultivar JG 74 and JG 315 showed resistant reaction to almost all isolates and cultivar JG 74 showed susceptible reaction to isolate I-19 whereas, cultivar JG 62 exhibited susceptible reaction to all isolates. Pathogenic variation by in-vitro screening through root feeding of pathotoxin revealed that the genotypes JG 74, JG 11 and JG 322 took 12 days for wilting, while the three genotypes JG 63, JG 14 and JG 24 took 10 days. The remaining two genotypes JG 16 and JG 130 survived for 4 and 6 days whereas, JG 62 died on the 6th day after transplanting. On the other hand, all seedlings of JG 315 survived for 14 days, without showing any symptoms of wilting. Co-efficients of the seven isolates of F. oxysporum based on SSR markers ranged from 0.7 to 0.3 among all the genotypes. Accessions of isolates I-20 and I-13 showed the highest similarity index (0.7), while the lowest similarity index (0.3) was found in between isolates I-80 and I-1. The root exudates of the susceptible cultivar JG 62 and late wilting cultivar K 850 did not inhibit colony growth and spore germination of all isolates of FOC whereas, it was strongly inhibited by root exudates of JG 315. On the contrary, the root exudates of JG 74 resulted higher colony growth and spore germination percent. In the histopathological study distinct browning of the vascular cylinder in the infected JG 62 showing the advance of disease progression from root to shoot while the infected JG 315 plant did not show any prominent browning in the vascular cylinder. Studies on host resistance under multiple disease sick field led to conclusion that among 285 entries two entries showed less than 10 percent mortality and may be considered as resistant, 11 entries exhibited 10.1 to 20 percent mortality and regarded as moderately resistant during 2013-14 however, during 2014-15, six entries showed less than 10 percent mortality and considered as resistant, 14 entries exhibited 10.1 to 20 percent mortality and regarded as moderately resistant. The cultural, morphological and molecular study of New variant showed the similar virulence, pathogenicity and growth pattern on PDA with Race 4. The effect of temperature and pH on growth and sporulation of new variant was similar as on Race 1. However, t he root exudates and molecular study grouped this variant in Race 2. Hence it can be concluded that conformity of any pathogen needs to addresses the both conventional (cultural and morphological) and molecular approach to come out with its appropriate ide ntifications and for further emulation of its management.