Thumbnail Image

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

Browse

20161
Reset filters
Subject: Plant Breeding × Author: Kujur, Monica Jyoti × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic analysis of important morphological and fodder yielding traits in rice bean
    (JNKVV, 2016) Kujur, Monica Jyoti; Bilaiya, S.K.
    ABSTRACT Rice bean [Vigna umbellate (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi] is a less known and underutilized legume, has emerged as a potential legume because of its nutritional potential, high fodder yielding potential and no major pest and disease incidence. It belongs to Fabaceae family having chromosome number 2n=22. Rice bean is considered to have been domesticated in Southeast Asia. Currently, the estimated availability of feed resources at the national level in terms of dry fodder, green fodder and concentrates is around 360, 619 and 54 million tons, respectively and the corresponding deficits are 25, 20 and 32 percent. There is tremendous pressure of livestock on available feed and fodder, as arable land available for fodder production has been decreasing. So this research work is undertaken with objective to study the extent of genetic variability of morphological and economic traits, estimate the direction and magnitude of association of traits with yield, estimate direct and indirect effect of various characters on fodder yield and estimate genetic divergence through D2 statistics. The investigation was carried at Seed Breeding Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur, during Kharif, 2015. The experimental material comprised of 85 germplasm lines of ricebean in randomized complete block design carried out in three replications. Observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each replication per treatment. Data were recorded for days to flower initiation, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of leaf, leaf area, number of branches, stem diameter, root length, root volume, root nodules, fresh root weight, dry root weight, green fodder yield per plant, green fodder yield per plant per day, dry fodder yield per plant, dry fodder yield per day, crude protein yield per plant, crude protein yield per plant per day, leaf stem ratio. The ANOVA indicated that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes were highly significant for all traits under study indicating substantial variability is present and genetic base is broadened. All the PCV values were higher than the GCV values for each character. The high PCV and GCV values were recorded by crude protein per day, green fodder yield per plant per day, green fodder yield per plant, crude protein yield per plant, number of leaves per plant, root volume, dry matter yield per plant per day, dry root weight, dry matter yield per plant, fresh root weight, number of nodules per plant, root length, leaf area, plant height, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, leaf stem ratio, days to 50% flowering and the lowest PCV and GCV recorded for days to flower initiation. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was recorded for plant height, leaf area, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, root length, nodules per plants, green fodder yield per plant day, crude protein yield per plant per day whereas, high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance was observed for days to flower initiation and days to 50% flowering. The results indicate the preponderance of additive gene action. On the basis of correlation of the present investigation, the most important traits identified among the promising genotypes of ricebean are green fodder yield per plant per day, number of branches per plant, leaf stem ratio, crude protein yield per plant, crude protein yield per plant per day, dry matter yield per plant per day, dry matter yield per plant and plant height. Hence, direct selection may be effective for the improvement of these characters and enhancement in the yield potential of future genotypes of ricebean may be achieved. The path coefficient analysis revealed that green fodder yield per plant per day recorded high estimate of positive direct effect for crude protein yield per plant and dry matter yield per plant per day, while days to 50% flowering, days to flower initiation and plant height recorded low value of positive direct effect on green fodder yield per plant. The very high negative direct effect on green fodder yield per plant was exhibited by crude protein yield per plant per day and dry matter yield per plant, while dry root weight recorded low value of negative direct effect on green fodder yield per plant. On the basis of D2 values, the 85 genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters out of which five were polygenotypic and one was monogenotypic. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and VI followed by cluster V and VI, cluster III and VI, cluster IV and VI whereas least inter cluster divergence was observed between genotypes of cluster I and VI, while highest intra cluster value was observed for Cluster VI followed by cluster IV, cluster II, cluster I and cluster III while, cluster V had no intra cluster divergence indicating that the hybridization within cluster or between the genotypes of distant clusters will lead to the desirable recombinants and broadening of genetic base for the future ricebean genotypes. In addition, the highest percentage contribution towards divergence was due to dry root weight, dry matter yield per plant, nodules per plant, crude protein yield per plant, root volume, green fodder yield per plant, fresh root weight, root length, green fodder yield per plant per day, number of leaves per plant, days to flower initiation, leaf stem ratio, dry matter yield per plant per day and leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, number of branches per plant and days to 50% flowering. Crude protein yield per plant per day had no contribution towards divergence. Five genotypes JRB 07-35-3, KRB 86-1, JRO 15-6 JRB 08-6-1 and JRB 08-6 have been identified as putative genotypes showing higher mean values for days to flower initiation, days to 50% flowering, green fodder yield per plant per day, dry matter yield per plant, dry matter yield per plant per day, crude protein yield per plant and crude protein yield per plant per day along with green fodder yield per plant. These genotypes may be utilized further in ricebean breeding programme to achieve better future genotypes or varieties.