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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

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Subject: Horticulture × Author: Ahirwar, Dinesh Kumar × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Post Harvest Treatment on Shelf-Life and Quality of Langra Mango
    (JNKVV, 2013) Ahirwar, Dinesh Kumar; Singh, Rajesh
    ABSTRACT Present experiment entitled “Comparative performance of summer green gram (Vigna radiata, (L.) Wilczek) varieties against insect pest complex.” was carried out at Experimental Field of Entomology, JNKVV, Jabalpur, during summer season 2012. The experiment was conducted with the following objectives: 1. Recording seasonal incidence of insect pests on summer green gram and observing the correlation of pest population with temperature and R.H. 2. Evaluation of comparative performance of different green gram varieties against insect pests during summer. 3. Recording the incidence level of yellow mosaic virus and whitefly as a vector in different varieties of green gram. 4. Observing the influence of morphological features and chemical composition of green gram varieties on population level of insect pests. In present experiment six insect species were observed infesting green gram crop at different stages of crop growth during summer season of 2012. These pests included sap feeders viz., white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), jassids Empoasca kerri, thrips Taeniothrips sp., green stink bug, Nezara viridula, pod sucking bug, Anoplocnemis phasiana and Field cricket, Gryllus sp. Out of these, the first three pests were recorded on different varieties. The infestation of jassids started from third week of April at 15 days after sowing (DAS) with an average population of 1.28 adults/6 leaves. Highest population was observed in fourth week of May with an average 3.88 adult/6 leaves at 50 DAS and thereafter population of the pest declined gradually till the maturity of the crop. The infestation of thrips started from third week of April at 15 DAS with the average population of 0.80 adults/6 leaves and continued till the end of the crop season. Highest population (6.96 adults) was observed in third week of May at 42 DAS. Thereafter population of the pest decreased gradually till the end of crop season. The infestation of white fly started from third week of April (15 DAS) with an average population of 2.40 flies/10 cm twig. The population of the pest gradually increased up to third week of May (5.55 flies/10 cm twig) at 50 DAS and the pest remained active till the maturity of the crop. Jassid population showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature (r=0.79), thrips population showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature and evaporation (r=0.93 and 0.86 respectively) whereas significant negative correlation with morning relative humidity (r=-0.78). Whitefly population did not show significant correlation with any of the abiotic factors studied. Eight varieties namely Pusa Vishal, PDM-11, K-851, HUM-1, Ganga-8, TJM-3, TM-37 and LGG-460 were sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 replications. Population of insect pests namely jassids, Empoasca kerri , thrips, Taeniothrips sp. and whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, were recorded at 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50 and 57 days after sowing. Overall mean population of these pests indicated significant differences on different varieties. Significantly lower jassid population per 6 leaves was recorded on K-851 (1.32), followed by Pusa Vishal (1.48), and PDM-11 (1.57) that were at par. Highest jassid population per 6 leaves was recorded on variety Ganga-8 (2.06). Significantly lowest thrips population per 6 leaves was recorded on K 851 (1.25), followed by PDM-11(1.38) and Pusa Vishal (1.41) that were at par. Highest thrips population per 6 leaves was recorded on variety TM-37 (1.93). Significantly lowest white fly population per sample (10 cm twig) was recorded on HUM-1 (2.00) followed by PDM-11 (2.25) and LGG-460 (2.35) that were at par. Highest white fly population per sample was recorded on variety TM 37 (3.30). Yellow Mosaic Virus incidence were observed to work out the percent leaves infected/sample plants. Significant differences were observed in percent leaf infestation by YMV among varieties. Lowest leaf infestation was observed on HUM-1 (7.49%), followed by PDM-11 (8.98%), which was at par with LGG-460 (13.05%), Pusa Vishal (19.76%), and K-851 (21.67%). Highest percent leaf infestation was observed on variety TM-37 (32.54%), which was at par with, Ganga-8 (30.28%) and TJM-3 (25.07). No specific morphological character, in different varieties of green gram was found to influence the pest population. The highest amount of phenol content was estimated in leaves of variety HUM-1 (14.77 mg/g) that had the minimum incidence of whiteflies population (2.00/10cm twig) and MYMV disease (7.49%). It revealed that the variety was tolerant one. The highest amount of total sugar, reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar was estimated in variety TM-37 (3.57 mg/g, 2.27 mg/g and 1.30 mg/g respectively) and this variety was highly susceptible to MYMV incidence. Whereas the lowest amount of total sugar, reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar were estimated in variety K-851 (2.55 mg/g, 1.19mg/g and 1.36mg/g respectively) and this variety was tolerant one to MYMV incidence.