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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

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20155
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Analysis in bread wheat under different enviroments
    (JNKVV, 2015) Bisen, Pankaj; Shukla, R.S.
    ABSTRACT Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the world's second most important staple food crop for more than 35 percent of world's population next to the rice. It produces about 20% food resources of the world, high productivity and the prominent position. Currently irregularity in monsoon, distribution of rainfall and global warming creates great problem in form of drought and heat stress at the time of wheat production. Global warming is predicted to increase the frequency and severity of heat stress leading to drastic reduction in the food production (Talukder et al. 2014). The experiment consists of 89 uniform wheat lines of advance generation including 11 checks. The sowing was done in three environment, irrigated timely sown (E1), restricted irrigated (E2) and rainfed sowing (E3). In the experiment randomized block design with three replications was used. The present studies included estimation of genetic variability, heritability (broad sense), genetic advance as percentage of mean, correlation analysis (genotypic and phenotypic) and path coefficient analysis. The analysis variance for three environment including pooled environment revealed highly significant differences larger differences in phenotypic and genotypic variances grain yield per plant, harvest index, number of ears, per plant, number of grains per ear, number of effective tillers per plant, chlorophyll content, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, membrane thermo-stability, spike density, length of ear plant height, number of spikelets per ear, days to full stem elongation indicated the substantial influence of pooled environment whereas days to 50% flowering, RWC of flag leaf, days to stay green, days to maturity, canopy temperature. On the basis of performance of different genotypes of advance generation, out of 89 genotypes twelve (G-13, G-15, G-20, G-30, G-31, G- 35, G-43, G-79, G-80, G-82, G-88, G-100) were recorded high grain yield as compare to best check K307 under all three environments. Heritability and genetic advance as per mean exhibited high for number of effective tillers per plant, number of ears per plant, number of spikelets per ear, length of ear, spike density, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, harvest index, membrane thermo-stability, chlorophyll content that indicate selection of such traits in all tree environments may be effective. While, grain yield revealed high heritability with high genetic advance as per mean indicated good response to selection Grain yield per plant recorded significant positive correlation with number of effective tillers per plant, number of ears per plant, number of spikelets per ear, length of ear, number of grains per ear, biological yield per plant, harvest index in both environment including pooled environment. However, plant height and canopy temperature was significant negative association with grain yield per plant in first environment. Spike density and 1000-grain weight had significant negative association with grain yield per plant in second environment. However, spike density was observed significant negatively correlated with grain yield per plant in third environment. While canopy temperature noticed significant and negative correlation with grain yield per plant in pooled environment. Path efficient analysis revealed that canopy temperature, number of effective tillers per plant, biological yield per plant exhibited high direct effect on grain yield in all three environments including pooled environment. The effects of these characters were further increased by positive indirect effect days to 50% flowering, days to stay green, days to maturity, RWC of flag leaf, chlorophyll content, membrane thermo-stability, plant height, number of ears per plant, number of spikelets per ear, length of ear, spike density, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, harvest index. Stability analysis for different genotypes revealed that variation due to genotype x environment (linear) was found significant for different characters except ear length, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant and membrane thermo-stability. Genotypes G-27, G-4, G-36, G-37, G-6, G-30, G-87, G-7, G-100, G-43 exhibited regression coefficient equal to unity (or close to unity) with greater mean value to grand mean and deviation from regression was equal to zero (or close to zero), revealed that the genotype give stable performance in all situations.