Thumbnail Image

Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur

Browse

201410
Reset filters
Subject: Forestry × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 10
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact of variable spacing on the pattern of genetic variability and heritability on growth, yield and specific gravity in five year old trees of dalbergia sissoo roxb.
    (JNKVV, 2014) Choudhary, Neha; Pathak, N.N.
    In India, it was realised that there was an increasing demand for wood, and forests resources had been over-used, fast growing tree plantations as wood crops were considered as the best alternative by various governmental and non- governmental agencies. Dalbergia sissoo fetch a better price for their wood, in addition to various intangible products such as fodder and ash which are commonly used by locals. The study of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, as well as character assocition is a prerequisite for any systematic and sound tree improvement program. Although, variability in growth traits and flexibility of wood (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, maximum crushing strength parallel to the grain, etc.) makes it useful for many kinds of products such as door and window shutters and frames, flooring and paneling, and also for cabinet making, vehicle bodies, boat building, handles, implements such as shoe lasts, turnery, carving, veneer and plywood, etc. giving it greater utility. Many factors are responsible for the variability (wood quality) in wood and specific gravity is one of them. Spacing of plants is an important aspect that needs to be carefully conducted and properly arranged for successful plantation. In the present investigation, attempts may be made to achieve the following objectives: 1. To estimate the pattern of genetic variation and heritability in growth, yield and wood quality trait (specific gravity) within and between trees of Dalbergia sissoo under variable spacing. 2. Inter-relationship between growth, yield and wood quality trait (specific gravity) under variable spacing. The present investigation entitled “Impact of Variable Spacing on the Pattern of Genetic Variability and Heritability on Growth, Yield and Specific Gravity in Five-Year-Old Trees of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.” was carried out at Forestry Research Farm, Imalia, Department of Forestry, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) during the year 2013-14 in five years old D.sissoo plantation. This was the fifth year of experimentation on the same site without changing the treatment and layout plan. The assessment of growth, yield and specific gravity was done on the basis of dbh, total tree height, basal diameter, etc. under variable spacing. A set of four treatments (Spacing/Planting density) 1 m X 1 m (10,000 trees/ha), 2 m X 1 m (5,000 trees/ha), 2 m X 1.5 m (3,333 trees/ha) and 2 m X 2 m (2,500 trees/ha) was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated six times. Results revealed that the basal diameter, dbh, cylindrical volume, mean specific gravity, specific gravity at the bottom (0.30 m), dbh (1.37 m) and top of tree (4.00 m), and tree weight having maximum value in the spacing of 2 m X 2 m i.e. 9.18 cm, 9.06 cm, 0.050 m3, 0.785, 0.794, 0.795, 0.770 and 30.0 kg respectively indicated the suitability of 2 m X 2 m spacing i.e., 2500 tree /ha for better growth and yield. The present data demonstrate the pattern and magnitude of specific gravity under variable spacing within and between trees. The specific gravity at wider spacing (2 m X 2 m) was significantly higher than that of trees grown at narrower spacing (1 m X 1 m). Mean specific gravity was found significant with different density, as trees at the wider spacing (2 m X 2 m) have higher specific gravity (0.785) than those at closer spacing (1 m X 1 m). Within tree variation in specific gravity was recorded at three different heights and found statistically different with respect to different height levels. Within tree variation of specific gravity at base i.e., old growth was more compared to top growth (juvenile growth). It showed increase in specific gravity with decreasing age of the tree is seen in a negative relationship between specific gravity and tree height. Current Annual Increment (C.A.I.) was found significant for tree height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height (dbh) and weight of pruning material. Mean Annual Increment (M.A.I.) found significant for weight of pruning material, basal area and cylindrical volume showed that these are statistically different among population. Analysis of variance for different characters under study revealed that the treatment effects were highly significant suggesting existence of high genetic variability in the population under study. Such variability is desirable and can be utilized for developing new genotypes in D.sissoo. This variability provides many avenues for genetic improvement in the Sissoo High heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was manifested by basal area, basal diameter and dbh revealed predominance of additive gene action and indicated strong genetic control of these variables. Pooled analysis of growth traits from 2010-2013 showed significant year and spacing interaction for all growth traits except for tree height. A correlation matrix of various growth attributes revealed strong and positive association among these attributes. The linear regression equation between cylindrical volume and basal diameter, dbh, diameter at 2 m height of tree, mean specific gravity, specific gravity at bottom, specific gravity at dbh, specific gravity at top, tree weight and basal area characters showed a unit increase with values of 0.0103, 0.0104, 0.0415, 0.556, 0.0064, 0.6934, 0.368, 0.0025 and 8.418, respectively.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic variability and inter-relationships between growth traits and seed yield of pongamia pinnaa (L.) Pierre
    (JNKVV, 2014) Thakur, Preeti Singh; Pathak, N.N.
    ABSTRACT Self-reliance in energy is vital for overall economic development of India and other developing countries. The need to search for alternative source of energy which is renewable, safe and nonpolluting assumes top priority in view of the uncertain supplies & frequent price hike of fossil fuels in the international market. The recent huge demand for oil and depleting fossil fuel reserves have rekindled interest in promotion of tree-borne oil seed species as an alternate source of energy. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Karanj) is one of the fast growing leguminous trees that has a high potential for oil seed production, with the ability to grow on marginal lands which supports its cultivation as a potential biofuel crop for biodiesel industry. The effectiveness of tree improvement programme depends upon the nature and magnitude of existing genetic variability in the crop and also on the degree of transmission of traits or heritability as because the knowledge on genetic variation and heritability of different traits is the basic requirement for long-term stability in terms of biodiesel production. The present investigation entitled, “Genetic Variability and Inter-relationship between Growth traits and Seed yield of karanj [Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre]” was conducted at Forestry Research Farm, Dusty Acre, Department of Forestry, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), during 2013-14. The plantation was done in 2005. The present study was done at the age of eight years. A set of twenty-two treatments (viz., T1- Bandole-1 Seoni, T2 - Kosamghat, T3 - Bahoripar, Bargi, T4 - Kailwas, Barha, T5 - TFRI, Gour river, T6 - Kalpi Depot , T7 - Cantt Area, T8 - Bandole – 2, T9 - Maihar – I, T10 - Bargi (JN-4), T11 - Maihar – II, T12 - Lalpur Nagod Road, T13 - Nagod Road, T14 - 4th mile Mandla, T15 - Kushmeli Road Amarwada, T16 - TFRI, Garden, T17 - Lalpur- II Nagod Road, T18 - Circular Road, T19 - Jhighri, T20 - Khajurahoo Road, T21 - KVK, Seoni,T22 - Nagod was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. The observations on growth and seed yield traits (tree height, dbh, basal diameter, basal area, seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed volume, 100 pods weight, 100 seed weight, pod weight per tree, pod yield, seed weight per tree, seed yield, kernel oil content) were recorded. The present investigation attempts may be made to achieve the following objectives: • To estimate the extent and magnitude of genetic variation for growth and oil seed yield traits of Pongamia pinnata. • To estimate the extent and magnitude of inter-relationships between growth and oil seed yield traits of Pongamia pinnata. • Identification of specific growth and oil seed yield traits for genetic improvement of Pongamia pinnata. The genetic parameter (viz., genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance) and statistical analysis (viz., correlation and regression) were calculated to find out the suitable growth and yield character required for tree improvement of karanj. From the above results it may be concluded that the analysis of variance revealed that sufficient variability was present in the experimental material. The mean kernel oil content was found highest in progenies Maihar –I, (T9) followed by Bandole-2, Seoni, (T8). The mean value of kernel oil content and its various component characters studied in the present investigation revealed that progenies under study had variation for all the characters. However, superior progenies had high mean value for kernel oil content. Finding of the result revealed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits which might be due to the interaction of genotypes with environment. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for seed yield, pod yield, and volume of seed suggested greater phenotypic and genotypic variability among the accessions and responsiveness of the attributes for making further improvement by selection. High heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for seed weight per tree, seed yield, pod weight per tree and pod yield this manifested revealed predominance of additive gene action. High heritability with moderate genetic advance was observed for 100 pod weight, 100 seed weight and basal area. These characters offered limited scope of selection due to non additive pattern of inheritance and selection pressure may be applied to successive generation. High heritability and low genetic advance was observed for seed length and seed width. This indicated that non additive gene effect. Kernel oil content and seed weight per tree exhibited low heritability with low genetic advance as percent of mean indicating low scope for the improvement of this trait through selection. The correlation studies concluded that the positive association of kernel oil content was observed with volume of seed followed by seed length, seed width, seed thickness, , seed yield, pod yield and seed-pod ratio. The regression coefficient analysis carried out to know the contribution characters on dependent variable kernel oil content. It had found that the dependent character for kernel oil content was volume of seed, seed thickness, seed length, seed width, seed yield and pod yield and showed significant result. ABSTRACT Self-reliance in energy is vital for overall economic development of India and other developing countries. The need to search for alternative source of energy which is renewable, safe and nonpolluting assumes top priority in view of the uncertain supplies & frequent price hike of fossil fuels in the international market. The recent huge demand for oil and depleting fossil fuel reserves have rekindled interest in promotion of tree-borne oil seed species as an alternate source of energy. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (Karanj) is one of the fast growing leguminous trees that has a high potential for oil seed production, with the ability to grow on marginal lands which supports its cultivation as a potential biofuel crop for biodiesel industry. The effectiveness of tree improvement programme depends upon the nature and magnitude of existing genetic variability in the crop and also on the degree of transmission of traits or heritability as because the knowledge on genetic variation and heritability of different traits is the basic requirement for long-term stability in terms of biodiesel production. The present investigation entitled, “Genetic Variability and Inter-relationship between Growth traits and Seed yield of karanj [Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre]” was conducted at Forestry Research Farm, Dusty Acre, Department of Forestry, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), during 2013-14. The plantation was done in 2005. The present study was done at the age of eight years. A set of twenty-two treatments (viz., T1- Bandole-1 Seoni, T2 - Kosamghat, T3 - Bahoripar, Bargi, T4 - Kailwas, Barha, T5 - TFRI, Gour river, T6 - Kalpi Depot , T7 - Cantt Area, T8 - Bandole – 2, T9 - Maihar – I, T10 - Bargi (JN-4), T11 - Maihar – II, T12 - Lalpur Nagod Road, T13 - Nagod Road, T14 - 4th mile Mandla, T15 - Kushmeli Road Amarwada, T16 - TFRI, Garden, T17 - Lalpur- II Nagod Road, T18 - Circular Road, T19 - Jhighri, T20 - Khajurahoo Road, T21 - KVK, Seoni,T22 - Nagod was laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. The observations on growth and seed yield traits (tree height, dbh, basal diameter, basal area, seed length, seed width, seed thickness, seed volume, 100 pods weight, 100 seed weight, pod weight per tree, pod yield, seed weight per tree, seed yield, kernel oil content) were recorded. The present investigation attempts may be made to achieve the following objectives: • To estimate the extent and magnitude of genetic variation for growth and oil seed yield traits of Pongamia pinnata. • To estimate the extent and magnitude of inter-relationships between growth and oil seed yield traits of Pongamia pinnata. • Identification of specific growth and oil seed yield traits for genetic improvement of Pongamia pinnata. The genetic parameter (viz., genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance) and statistical analysis (viz., correlation and regression) were calculated to find out the suitable growth and yield character required for tree improvement of karanj. From the above results it may be concluded that the analysis of variance revealed that sufficient variability was present in the experimental material. The mean kernel oil content was found highest in progenies Maihar –I, (T9) followed by Bandole-2, Seoni, (T8). The mean value of kernel oil content and its various component characters studied in the present investigation revealed that progenies under study had variation for all the characters. However, superior progenies had high mean value for kernel oil content. Finding of the result revealed that the phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits which might be due to the interaction of genotypes with environment. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for seed yield, pod yield, and volume of seed suggested greater phenotypic and genotypic variability among the accessions and responsiveness of the attributes for making further improvement by selection. High heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for seed weight per tree, seed yield, pod weight per tree and pod yield this manifested revealed predominance of additive gene action. High heritability with moderate genetic advance was observed for 100 pod weight, 100 seed weight and basal area. These characters offered limited scope of selection due to non additive pattern of inheritance and selection pressure may be applied to successive generation. High heritability and low genetic advance was observed for seed length and seed width. This indicated that non additive gene effect. Kernel oil content and seed weight per tree exhibited low heritability with low genetic advance as percent of mean indicating low scope for the improvement of this trait through selection. The correlation studies concluded that the positive association of kernel oil content was observed with volume of seed followed by seed length, seed width, seed thickness, , seed yield, pod yield and seed-pod ratio. The regression coefficient analysis carried out to know the contribution characters on dependent variable kernel oil content. It had found that the dependent character for kernel oil content was volume of seed, seed thickness, seed length, seed width, seed yield and pod yield and showed significant result.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access