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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur
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ThesisItem Open Access A Study on Women’s Participation and Decision Making Pattern in Agriculture Activities in Sehore District of Madhya Pradesh(JNKVV, 2013) Bhairve, Vivek; Jaiswal, D.K.ABSTRACT Title: '' A study on women’s participation and decision making pattern in agricultural activities in Sehore district of Madhya Pradesh Major Advisor: Dr.D.K.Jaiswal Student: Vivek Bhairve Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in our country where farm business has become a family enterprise in which both men and women take part evenly. The roles of women’s are generally complimentary, not only in physical participation in agricultural activities, but also in respect of decision making process. Agricultural activities mainly involve three stages viz. production, post harvest management and marketing. In most of the stages women are found actively involved in respect of participation as well as in decision making process. There are plenty of empirical evidence to show that women do participate practically and for decision making in all regions, crop/climatic zones and at different stages of agricultural production. Decision making is the prerogative of the male head of the farm family, but any such decision taken is strongly influenced by the attitude and opinion of the women partner. A proper standing of the complexity of the decision making process and ascertaining the role of farm women’s in agricultural activities will help in toning up agriculture modernization in the country as well as transformation of family life in rural society. Thus, considering the importance of farm women’s participation in agricultural operations and decision-making pattern, the present study has been conducted with the following objectives: Objectives: 1. To study the profile of selected farm women. 2. To measure the extent of participation of women in agricultural activities. 3. To identify the decision making pattern of women regarding agricultural activities. 4. To find out the association between profile of women and their extent of participation and decision making pattern in agricultural activities. 5. To identify the constraints faced by farm women in participation and decision making in agricultural activities and suggest the ways and means to over come them. Conclusions: The analysis of the data led to the following conclusions: A. Profile of farm women:- It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were in middle age group followed by young and old. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were in medium annual income group followed by low and high annual income group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to illiterate group followed by primary education and middle and above education group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were have medium size of land holding followed by small and big size of land holding group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to medium social participation group followed by high and low social participation group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to individual family group followed by joint family group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to medium size of family group followed by large and small size of family group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to other backward caste group followed by Sc/St and general caste group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to medium material possession group followed by high and low material possession group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to medium farm power possession group followed by high and low farm power possession group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to farming group followed by farming+business and farming+service+other group. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were have mixed type of house followed by packa and kachacha type of house. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to overall medium socio economic status group followed by low and high socio economic status group. B. Participation of farm women in agricultural activities. It may be concluded that the farm women over all participated medium level among the all agricultural activities. The farm activities in which farm women participated in first foremost agriculture activities were weeding followed by selection of seed varieties, harvesting, soil testing and winnowing process. The least performance activities were preparatory of land, marketing and soil treatment respectively. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were found to overall medium participation group followed by high and low participation group. C. Decision making pattern of farm women in agricultural activities:- It may be concluded that the farm women participated in decision making process was found to medium level among all the agricultural activities. In respect of agriculture activities in which the farm women took highest decision and the foremost were sowing, grain storage, irrigation management and weeding respectively. The least decision making preference activities were soil treatment marketing, plant protection and preparatory of land respectively. It can be concluded that in study area, most of the farm women were performed overall medium decision regarding agricultural activities followed by low and high decision. D. Association between profiles of farm women with extent of participation in agricultural activities:- It may be concluded that age had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 12.8 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that annual income had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 12.1 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that socio economic status had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 11.9 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that economic motivation had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 11.7 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that aspiration had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 11.1 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that extension participation had no influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 7.9 was found to be non significant. It may be concluded that cosmopoliteness had an influence on the extent of participation of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 9.7 was found to be significant. E. Association between profiles of farm women with decision making pattern in agricultural activities:- It may be concluded that age had an influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 12.8 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that annual income had an influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 9.5 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that socio economic status had no influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 9.1 was found to be non significant. It may be concluded that economic motivation had an influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 9.7 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that aspiration had no influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 9.0 was found to be non significant. It may be concluded that extension participation had an influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 10.0 was found to be significant. It may be concluded that cosmopoliteness had an influence on the extent of decision making of farm women in agricultural activities. The calculated Chi-square value 13.5 was found to be significant.ThesisItem Open Access A Study on the Impact of Vocational Training Conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra on Income Generation among Women in Jabalpur District M.P.(JNKVV, 2013) Jain, Payal; Singh, D.K.ABSTRACT Krishi Vigyan Kendra has been established by ICAR, New Delhi at district level to enhance the productivity, profitability, and sustainability of different agricultural occupations in the district level through various extension methods considering socio-economic and environmental conditions of the districts. KVK imparts various need based and skill oriented vocational trainings to create the income for women. Vocational Training Programme plays a positive role for the empowerment of women. Vocational trainings are the important tool to prepare respondents for job that are based on manual or practical activities traditionally non-academic and totally related to a specific trade, occupation or vocation. It is sometimes referred to as technical education as the respondent directly develops expertise in a particular group of techniques or technology. Income generation through Vocational Training Programmes is a major mandate of Krishi Vigyan Kendra. KVK has emphasized on four categories for imparting Training i.e. agriculture, agro processing, agro based enterprise and non farming sector. KVK imparts need based and skill oriented trainings to create the income for women. Vocational Training Programmes take into account all methods and means which will result in skill development in rural youths in the area of their interest. Keeping the view, the present study entitled “A study on the impact of Vocational Training conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra on Income Generation among women in Jabalpur District (M.P.)” was undertaken with the following specific objectives. Objectives of the study:’ 1. To know the profile of selected trainees. 2. To determine the extent of income generation. 3. To analyze the association between profile of selected trainees and income generation. 4. To find out the problem faced by the women and suggest ways for effective training. Methodology: The investigation was carried out in panagar block of Jabalpur district in the operational area of KVK, Jabalpur. Maximum numbers of vocational training on tailoring & stitching and handicraft have been conducted among women by KVK, Jabalpur during the years 2007-10.Out of which ninety women respondents was taken as sample for the study. The data were collected with the help of pre-tested structured schedule by personal interview method. Percentage and chi square test was used to analyze the data. Variables: Independent: Age, education, caste, Size of family, type of house, social participation, annual income, attitude towards vocational training, number of training received, employment generation. Dependent: Income generation. Conclusion: The majority of respondents belonged to young age group and was formally educated up to higher secondary and above, higher percentage of respondents was found in schedule caste/schedule category, the majority of the respondents had medium size of family structure, higher percentage of respondents had pakka type of house, majority of the respondents had low social participation and was from low annual income group. Higher percentage of respondents belonged to the medium attitude towards vocational training, majority of the respondent received only one training. Majority of the respondents who received vocational trainings in aspects, namely tailoring & stitching and handicraft were having medium employment and majority of respondents had medium level of income generation. Caste, size of family and type of house were found non-significantly associated with income generation of the respondents. Age, education, social participation, annual income, attitude towards vocational training, number of vocational training received and employment generation were found significantly associated with income generation of the respondents. The important problem faced by rural women were lack of marketing facilities, duration of training were not sufficient, complex learning procedure, lack of capital to start work, methodology of training were not explained in detail by trainer etc. Some suggestion were given as - marketing facilities should be created by involving government and KVK, duration of training programmes should not be less than one week, easy and local terminology should be used during training progromme, involving Government and KVK should provide credit to start work, methods of training should be explained in detail by the trainer.