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Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur
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ThesisItem Open Access A study on impact assessment of adoption of weed management practices by the farmers of Saikheda block of Narsinghpur district(JNKVV, 2015) Shrivastava, Varsha; Khare, N.N.ABSTRACT Weeds are the most severe and widespread biological constraint to crop production and causes invisible damage till the crop is harvested. They compete with crops for soil moisture, nutrients, solar radiation and space, and thus reduces the crop yield and degrade the quality of produce besides raising cost of production. Weeds also act as alternate hosts that harbour insects, pests and diseases and other micro-organism. Total losses caused by the agricultural pests, weed contribute to as high as 37 per cent. Enhancing food and feed production to meet the demands of increasing population is possible only when biological constraints such as weed are understood properly and alleviated by evolving and implementing appropriate management strategies. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to evaluate impact on adoption of weed management practices among the farmers and identify constraint by the farmers while adopting weed management practices. The present study “A study on impact assessment of adoption of weed management practices by the farmers of Saikheda block of Narsinghpur District (M.P.)” has been undertaken with the following specific objectives :- 1. To know the profile of selected farmers. 2. To assess the impact of weed management practices. 3. To determine the extent of adoption of weed management practices. 4. To work out association between dependent and independent variable. 5. To identify constraint in adoption of weed management practices and suggestions to overcome them. In order to achieve these objectives, the investigation was carried out in Saikheda block of Narsinghpur district. Khursipar, Kamti, Pittehra, Gardha and Khairi villages were selected randomly for study. By using random sampling method 120 farmers were selected from 5 villages, from each villages respondents were selected by proportionate random sampling method. Data were collected with the help of pre-tested interview schedule. These were analysed by investigator using frequency, percentage, mean, Z test, chi- square and rank order. Conclusion In case of profile of selected farmers most of the farmers were belong to middle age group, acquired up to higher secondary education, having medium operational land holding, having farming as an occupation and having low annual income. In case of farm power most of the farmers have medium farm power, grown 3-4 crops in a year, having medium information source, having low extension participation and majority of farmers had high knowledge about weed management practices. In case of economic viability on the basis of cost of cultivation and cost of specific IWM practices, maximum farmers had medium economic viability and had medium drudgery level. In case of impact assessment of weed management practices most of the farmers had high adoption of weed management practices and due to adoption of weed management practices major weed, severity of weed and production losses was decreased. Due to adoption of weed management practices Farmers were growing more 3-4 crops and 5 crops in a year and yield of crops were increased and area, in sugarcane crop has been increased than other crops. In case of extent of adoption of weed management practices it is cleared from study that before intervention all respondents were doing hand weeding while after intervention of weed management practices almost all farmers were adopted chemical method to control weeds. After intervention of weed management practices more than half of the farmers adopted hand weeding and before intervention of weed management practices most of the farmers used bakhar to control weed, whereas after intervention most of the farmers used tractor drawn implement for mechanical weeding. It is concluded from study that before intervention of weed management practices some of the farmers applied 24-D in wheat crop and no one used herbicide to control weed and after intervention soybean growers and pigeon pea growers applied pursuit herbicide, very few farmers applied nomineegold to control weed in paddy, in wheat farmers were applied 24-D and sugarcane growers applied 24-D and metribuzin. The association between independent variable like education , operational land holding, occupation, annual income, farm power, cropping pattern, information source of utilization, knowledge of weed management practices, economic viability based on cost of cultivation and cost of specific integrated weed management practices were found to be significant with adoption of weed management practices, whereas age, extension participation and drudgery level found to be non-significant association with adoption of weed management practices. In case of reactions of the farmers all the respondents said that weed is major obstacles in crop production and integrated weed management gives better weed control and yield than traditional method. Most of them said that integrated weed management was not time consuming and costly affairs. Farmers were also aware about the preventive measures, where no one farmers known about quarantine law. While all the farmers agreed with that weeds gave shelter to insect and deteriorate quality of seed. All selected farmers said that chemical method was most economical than other methods. It is also found in the study that no one farmers applied herbicide during high wind and cloudy weather and farmers applied spray when moisture present in the field. Most of the farmers applied herbicide at recommended dose, used less than required quantity of water and most of the farmers used knapsack sprayer and flat fan nozzle to spray herbicides. All the herbicide adopters used fresh water for herbicide application and most of the respondents express that labourer availability is to some extent. The major constraint reported by the farmers for adoption of weed management practices was there is no recovery mechanism to recouped the crop if anything happened wrong due to use of herbicide, fear about residual effect on next crops, supply of spurious/adulterated material, high cost of herbicide, lack of knowledge about the precautions during spray, lack of awareness about IWM practices, less risk bearing capacity about new technology, social fear about use of herbicide, high labour charges, lack of proper technical knowledge about herbicides, lack of information on method of herbicide application. To overcome from these constraint training and demonstration should be provide regular basis and information about herbicide application and IWM practices should be publicise regularly.