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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Author: SETHI, MAMALI × Start date: 2022 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PREVALENCE OF SEVERE MALNUTRITION IN INFANTS LESS THAN 6 MONTHS OF AGE IN PURNIA DISTRICT OF BIHAR
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) SETHI, MAMALI; Singh, Usha
    Worldwide 8.5 million infants under 6 months of age are malnourished, while the prevalence in India is estimated 14.8% (The Indian Journal of Pediatrics 87,684- 685, 2020). This age group’s malnutrition is a serious global public health issue. In India wasting (low-weight-for-height) is prevalent in infant under 6 months of age (31.9%) and severe wasting is prevalent in this age group (14.9%), malnutrition in this age range is a critical problem. The likelihood of malnutrition in India is relatively well documented, but there is very minimal information for risk factors of severe acute malnutrition. SAM is one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants thereby infants under 6 months of age need special attention, physiologically this period represents the transition from neonatal life and mother’s milk is the only source of nutrition. The first 6 months of life are characterized by maximum growth and they are vulnerable to nutrition related events. Many programmes focus on infants over 6 months due to the fact that treating infants less than 6 months of age can be much more difficult than the treating older children. The key recommendation from WHO guideline is to recognize the SAM infants less than 6 months and the simple feeding support and follow up should be offered as first line treatment. Low birth weight (LBW) babies have increased risk of dying in infancy, and those who do survive have an increased risk of mortality and acute malnutrition in infancy and early childhood. Studies indicate that the first 1000 days of life right from conception till first two years of life is regarded as critical window for boosting optimum growth, behavioural development and health. It is better to focus from conception than to depend in any replacement therapy once a deficit has occurred. Yet in many developing countries, poverty, poor nutritional knowledge leads to under nutrition which is the major challenge worldwide. This study was carried out at 98 anganwadi center of Krityanand Nagar block in Purnia District, after several visits 46 SAM infants were enrolled from total population size 212. After screening of all the population it was found that the percentages of SAM infants were 22 percent. To accelerate the study mothers of the SAM infants were selected as respondents and collected all the information regarding infants health status, feeding pattern as well as respondents nutritional status, dietary status, supplementation status, reproductive characteristics, socio-economic conditions, hygiene and sanitary measures, mental status of mother From the study it was concluded that lack of exclusive breastfeeding, age, discarding of colostrum ,lower BMI, age of the mother, Maternal risk factors, lack of adequate birth spacing, poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation, maternal mental health, low birth weight of the baby, lack of adequate birth spacing, series of illness in the infant, less hygiene, poverty, literacy status, ignorance and lack of adequate knowledge are the combined risk factors for development of SAM in infants under 6 months.