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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Author: SARITHA, MUDIGIRI × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOMANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne incognita IN CORIANDER
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) SARITHA, MUDIGIRI; Singh, Uma Shankar
    Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important annual herbaceous plant (2n=22), which belongs to the family Apiaceae and generally grown in winter season as the main crop in India (Singh and Verma, 2015). Coriander can be successfully grown, although there are significant obstacles posed by pests and pathogens. Coriander yield losses from these Meloidogyne spp. are expected to be 60% under protected cultivation (Reddy, 2008). In order to reduce the losses brought on by the root knot nematode, an effort was made to undertake a pot culture experiment in the net house of the AICRP Vegetables Department of Nematology, PG College of Agriculture, RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar to evaluate the environmentally friendly management of root knot nematode, through organic amendments such as Neem cake, Mustard cake, Castor cake, and Pongamia cake along with the biocontrol capacity of Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Paecilomyces lilacinus & Pochonia chlamydosporia on growth of Coriander variety Rajendra Swathi and multiplication of Meloidogyne incognita. The experiment was conducted using a Completely randomized design with 12 treatments and three replications. The highest growth of coriander was seen under T1 (soil application of Neem cake @ 10 g/pot at 7 days before seed sowing), with the least amount of root knot nematode multiplication. However, alternate treatments consisting of a single application of organic amendment and a combined application were just as successful in notably improving plant growth and lowering nematode infection. In comparison to the untreated check, the treatment with Neem cake @ 10 g/pot resulted in 100% increase in plant height, 97.16% increase in root length, 105% increase in fresh root weight, 92% increase in fresh shoot weight, and 75% increase in yield. In comparison to the untreated check, host infection was reduced by 104 percent, 58 percent, and 65 percent in terms of no of galls, egg masses, nematode population in soil, and root. The bio-control agents viz Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Paecilomyces lilacinus & Pochonia chlamydosporia either singly or in combined application shown significant improvement in plant growth and development and in declining nematode population. The T3 (Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/pot) was determined to be the most efficacious. However, chemically treated plants with carbofuran 3G @ 5g/pot had the lowest nematode population, number of galls/plant and Reproduction factor (Rf). In comparison to the untreated check, the treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/pot resulted in 84% increase in plant height, 94% increase in root length, 109% increase in fresh root weight, 106% increase in fresh shoot weight, and 66% increase in yield. In comparison to the untreated check, host infection was reduced by 72 percent, 56 percent, and 60 percent in terms of no of galls, egg masses, nematode population in soil, and root. The results of this investigation showed that using bio-control agents and organic amendments was more efficient at lowering the population of M. incognita. The study found that the effects of organic amendments and biocontrol agents were equivalent to those of carbofuran 3G. Therefore, bio agents other than nematicides can be applied.