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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Author: B., Kavyashree × Start date: 2000 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of bio regulators on flower and fruit drop control in tomato. (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) B., Kavyashree; Kumar, Udit
    The present investigation was carried out at Vegetable Research Farm of Dr. cRajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, during 2019-20 research the impact of bio-regulators on plants (NAA and GA3) on morphological, flowering, physiological, yield and yield attributing and biochemical parameters of tomato using cultivar “Kashi Vishesh”. With seven treatments and three replications, the experiment was set out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Treatments consist of different levels of NAA (T1@ 10 ppm, T2 @ 20 ppm, and T3@ 30 ppm), GA3 (T4 @ 50 ppm, T5 @ 100 ppm, and T6 @ 150 ppm) along with control (T7 @ sprayed only distilled water). These different concentrations of NAA and GA3 were sprayed on the crop at 25, 50, and 75 days after transplanting to study the different parameters at all successive stages of crop growth. The outcome stated that the morphological parameters were greatly affected by different levels of NAA and GA3 at all the successive growth stages except at 25 days after transplanting. Treatment T3 (NAA @ 30 ppm) produced maximum plant height, number of branches per plant, and number of leaves per plant which were at par with treatment T5 (GA3 @ 100 ppm) at 50 and 75 days after transplanting respectively. The minimum plant height, number of branches per plant, and number of leaves per plant were observed with treatment control i.e. T7 (only distilled water) at 50 and 75 days after transplanting respectively. All flowering and physiological parameters were also greatly influenced by the application of growth regulators (NAA and GA3). Minimum days to 50 % flowering (56.32 %), maximum number of flowering branches per plant (10.58), maximum number of flowers per plant (49.95), maximum leaf area index (3.203), maximum relative water content (1.473 %) and maximum shelf life (21.11 days) were recorded with treatment T5 (GA3 at 100 ppm). Yield and yield attributing parameters such as minimum fruit drop percentage (0.44 %), maximum number of fruit set per plant (67.22 %), maximum number of fruits per plant (29.44), maximum equatorial diameter of fruit (5.177 cm), maximum polar diameter of the fruit (4.957 cm), maximum average yield per plant (2.637 Kg), maximum yield per hectare (29.06 t/ha), were also recorded with the treatment T5 (GA3 at 100 ppm). Biochemical parameters like minimum ABA (0.018 %), maximum TSS content of the fruit (4.8130 Brix), minimum acidity of the fruit (0.420 %), and maximum ascorbic acid content of the fruit (11.660 mg/100g) were also recorded with the treatment T5 (GA3 at 100 ppm). Maximum values of fruit drop, ABA, and acidity of the fruit percentage and minimum values of rest parameters were recorded with the treatment T7 (only distilled water). Maximum (2.69) benefit-cost ratio was also recorded with the treatment T5 (GA3 at 100 ppm) and minimum (1.67) with the treatment T7 (only distilled water). It may be concluded that in subtropical climate, farmers face flower and fruit drop problem due to high temperatures in kharif and late kharif season, to overcome that problem they can use plant growth regulator GA3 @ 100 ppm to increase flowering, fruit set, fruit size and control the fruit drop.