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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Author: Anand, Rahul × End date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization and divergence analysis of chickpea genotypes using morphological characters and microsatellite markers
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, 2019) Anand, Rahul; Kumar, Mithilesh
    The present study was undertaken with twenty four germplasm accessions of chickpea having different geographical origin, obtained from germplasm collections at T.C.A., Dholi, The experiment was carried out at T.C.A., Dholi Research Farm of Dr. R.P.C.A.U., Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, in a completely Randomised Block Design with three replications during kharif, 2018 for molecular characterization and divergence analysis in chickpea [Cicer arientinum L.]. Data were collected for seven characters viz., Plant height (cm), No. Of branches per plant, Days to 50% flowering, Pods per plant, No. of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g) and yield per plant (kg/plot).Statistical analysis carried out were, Analysis of variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, Heritability, Genetic advance, Genetic diversity and molecular characterization. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the seven characters under study. Maximum range was found for the characters like yield followed by pods per plant. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was greater than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters under study and high magnitude of PCV and GCV were observed for traits like no. of pods per plant indicating that these traits could be used for yield improvement. Characters like yield, pods per plant and plant height exhibited high Heritability coupled with high Genetic advance as percent of mean indicating effectiveness of selection. All the twenty four genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters using Eucledean2 statistics following clustering suggested by Ward. Highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and V on the basis of their genetic distances. Genotypes from these clusters may be utilised under hybridisation programme for getting superior recombinants. Cluster II showed maximum cluster mean values for yield per plot (538) and attributing characters like plant height (40.20); number of primary branches (3.05) and pods per plant (15.13) by cluster I, number of seeds per pod (1.59) by cluster III and 100 seed weight by cluster V Therefore, selection of parents from different clusters might be done for desired traits on the basis of higher cluster mean values. 20 SSR primer pairs for molecular characterization of 18 chickpea genotypes were used to generate a total of 77 shared and 50 unique allelic variants in the form of amplified products. The PIC values revealing allele diversity and frequency among the chickpea genotypes varied from 0.549 in H2A02 to 0.994 in H2E13. Eight primers namely, H1A06, H1I24, H2A11, H2I10, H2J10, H2J11, H2J19 and H3A07 appeared to be highly polymorphic and comparatively more informative. The polymorphism per cent revealed in the form of percentage of unique alleles was recorded to be the maximum in the case of H2I01 (71.42%).By drawing the phenon line at 26 phenon similarity units, the 18 entries were basically divided into six groups. Analysis of divergence pattern based on morphological and molecular characterization having seven traits and twenty SSR markers allowed differentiation and classification of twenty four and eighteen chickpea genotypes into five and six clusters, respectively. Use of SSR markers appeared more efficient in achieving unique and unambiguous characterization and differentiation of chickpea genotypes used in the present study. There was 16.66% similarity between pattern based on morphological and molecular characterization.