Thumbnail Image

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

Browse

20223
Reset filters
Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2020 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Effect of Different Agro-Chemicals on Morpho-physiological Characters of Wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) Under Terminal Heat Stress Condition
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) SHARWA, SAJJAN; Choudhary, Vinay Kumar
    A research was conducted at Research field of Seed Science & Technology,TCA,Dholi, Muzaffarpur under DRPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during Rabi 2021-22, to assess the effect of different Agro-Chemicals on morpho physiological characters of wheat variety DBW-187 (Karan Vandana) under terminal heat stress conditions. Two varieties of wheat were taken as experimental materials. The wheat variety DBW187 is a timely sown whereas wheat variety DBW107 is late sown variety and used as check. Both the varieties were sown on 22nd December, 2021 in three replications using Randomized Block Design. All the Treatments (Glycine betaine (600ppm), Salicylic acid (400ppm), Ascorbic acid (10ppm), Citric acid (1.3%), Potassium chloride (1%) in singular form and combination of Glycine betaine (600ppm) with Salicylic acid(400ppm), Glycine betaine(600ppm) with ascorbic acid (10ppm), Glycine betaine (600ppm) with Citric acid(1.3%) and Glycine betaine(600ppm) were applied at reproductive stage of wheat variety DBW-187 and no treatment were given to control plot and plot with check variety (DBW 107). The study was executed on mean performance of 11 morpho physiological traits and correlation amongst all the traits including seed yield. Observations were documented for the characters viz. Days to 50% flowering, Chlorophyll content, No. of tillers per plant, Flag leaf area, Days to maturity, No. of seeds per panicle, 1000- seed weight (g), Germination percentage, Seed vigour index, Seed yield (q/ha) and Harvest index. ANOVA revealed significant differences among all the characters for all the treatments under study. The maximum range of variation were recorded for the characters like seed vigour index (1563.67-2211.33) followed by seed yield (22.13-36.83), 1000 seed weight (26.54-39.08), and chlorophyll content (25.91-38.40) whereas minimum range of variation were recorded for no. of tillers per plant (6.09-7.46). However after recording all the observations and comparing it with control and check variety it can be conclude that the effect of chemical Treatment Glycine betaine 600ppm + Salicylic acid 400ppm was found to be most effective treatment for mitigating terminal heat stress as it showed significant superiority for all the character studied over best check. Treatment combination Glycine betaine 600ppm + Salicylic acid 400ppm showed significant higher seed yield (36.43 q/ha) and other parameters like Chlorophyll content (38.40 mg/g),1000- seed weight (38.52 g), Germination percentage (95.33) and Seed vigour index (2211.33). In Days to maturity where earliness is desirable Treatment Glycine betaine (600 ppm) + Salicylic acid (400 ppm) showed earliest days to mature i.e. 105 days than other chemical treatments. In case of Benefit cost ratio this experimental research was found to be economically beneficial with an average ratio of 1.64 and Treatment T6 i.e. Glycine betaine (600 ppm) + Salicylic acid (400 ppm) gave best ratio of 1.40 thus giving maximum amount of net profit value. It can be concluded that wheat crop is significantly affected when sown in late sown conditions. To prevent the losses harvesting should be done on time. If possible wheat heat resistant cultivars should be used. Application of some chemical treatments like Glycine betaine (600 ppm) with adequate amount of fertilizer application and timely irrigation is effective in mitigating the effect of Terminal heat stress condition. Under Terminal Heat Stress Condition, Seed yield exhibited significant highest positive correlation with number of tillers per plant (0.7144) and number of Seeds per panicle (0.6006). However, Seed yield exhibited negative correlation with Days to 50% flowering (-0.7768) and Days to maturity (-0.6951).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF SEED ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING PLANTING VALUE OF SEEDS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) NANDI, ASIT; Singh, Sumeet Kumar
    Maize belongs to grass family having highest yield potential among cereals. It records third highest in production after rice and wheat among cereals in India and first in world. The continuously rising global population along with the shrinking cultivable land and climate change scenario is creating pressure for increased food production. Moreover, various abiotic stresses like heat, drought and low temperature stress affect the crop production drastically. Low temperature stress during sowing of Maize causes serious compromise with yield and seed quality traits. Hence, present investigation was carried out to develop seed enhancement technique for minimizing the yield losses due to poor emergence, stand establishment and yield and quality parameters. The experiment was conducted at Dholi Kothi Farm, TCA, Dholi in split- split plot design with 3 replications, during rabi 2021- 22. Fresh and old seed lots of two varieties viz. Shaktiman-1(SM-1) and Shaktiman-5(SM-5) were subjected to 14 treatments along with control. The treated seeds were analyzed for seed quality attributes in laboratory and were also sown in the field. The effect of variety, seed lots and treatments on field emergence, plant stand establishment, yield-attributing traits were studied in maize raised under low temperature conditions. The results revealed that SM-1 was significantly superior for field emergence, plant stand establishment, plant height, first count, germination percentage, radicle emergence time, seed vigour indices over SM-5. Fresh lot of seeds performed significantly superior to the aged one. All the treatments were significantly superior over control except thermal treatment and chilling followed by thermal treatment. Treatment with melatonin (50μM), CaCl2 (2.2%) and DAB + Biophos affects many yield and quality traits positively. Seed treatment with gibberellic acid (100mg/litre) followed by shade drying showed significant superiority over the control for plant stand establishment after 5 weeks (79%), plant height (188.2 cm), seed set percentage (99.3%),1000 seed weight (242.1 g),plot yield (3.10kg), first count (82%), germination (96.5%), vigour index I (2479) & vigour index II (4.2). Even the aged seed lot treated with gibberellic acid also recorded higher germination (78.7%), vigour index I (1797), vigour index II (3.51), 1000- seed weight (226.0 g), and plot yield (2.65 kg) than other treatments on fresh as well as aged lots. Hydro priming (at 20˚C for 18 hrs) was at par with the gibberellic acid treated seeds for most of the emergence, yield and quality attributing traits. Therefore, either of the above treatments may be effective in mitigating the adverse effect of low temperature stress on emergence, stand establishment, yield and quality attributes in Maize.Among all the treatments, gibberellic acid (100mg/ litre) was observed to be the best treatment for improved seed yield and quality.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SEED COATING AND FOLIAR SPRAY OF NANOFERTILIZERS ON SEED YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) JHA, RASHMI; Singh, Umesh Kumar
    In the present study, an experiment entitled “Study on the effect of seed coating and foliar spray of nanofertilizers on seed yield and quality parameters of maize (Zea mays L.)” was conducted at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi during Kharif season 2021. The experiment was laid out in RBD with ten treatments viz., T1 (control-No fertilizers applied), T2 (recommended dose of fertilizer), T3 [100% RDF + Seed coating of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 125 ml ha-1 (100% seed coating)], T4 [100% RDF + seed coating of nano Zn + Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 125 ml ha-1 (100% seed coating)], T5 [75% RDF (100% N/K with 75% P) + Seed coating of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 125 ml ha-1 (100% seed coating)], T6 [75% RDF (100% NPK with 75% Zn/Fe) + Seed coating of nano Zn +Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 125 ml ha-1 (100% seed coating)], T7 [100% RDF + seed coating of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 62.5 ml ha-1 + Foliar spray of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 250 ml ha-1 (50% seed coating + 50% Foliar)], T8 [100% RDF + Seed coating of nano Zn + Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 62.5 ml ha-1 + Foliar spray of nano Zn + Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 250 ml ha-1 (50% seed coating + 50% Foliar)], T9 [75% RDF (100% N/K with 75% P) + Seed coating of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 62.5 ml ha-1 + Foliar spray of nano P (Phosphorus) @ 250 ml ha-1 (50% seed coating + 50% Foliar)], T10 [75% RDF (100% NPK with 75% Zn/Fe) + Seed coating of nano Zn + Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 62.5 ml ha-1 + Foliar spray of nano Zn + Fe (Zinc + Iron) @ 250 ml ha-1 (50% seed coating + 50% Foliar)] in four replications. Various yield-attributing characteristics were significantly improved by the use of nano fertilizers. Maximum field emergence and plant stand establishment was observed in treatment T8 and T9 respectively, seed yield per plot, number of cobs per plant, thousand seed weight, ear girth, number of seeds per ear & harvest index was found in T3. Maximum height of plant at 30 DAS as well as at harvest was observed in treatment T7 and T5 respectively. Earlier flowering was observed in treatment T5 for first flowering and T3 for 50% flowering. Among seed quality parameters, germination % was maximum in T8, seedling length was found to be highest in T4, similarly dry weight along with fresh weight of seedlings & both the vigor indices was observed maximum in T2, T9, T4 and T3 respectively along with minimum incidence of seed borne pathogens in the treatment T7. Treatment T8 showed the highest activity of enzymes related to antioxidant activities and seed germination viz., peroxidase activity, polyphenol oxidase activity, amylase activity and dehydrogenase activity.