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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: AARADHNA × Start date: 2008 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    OCCURRENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF SUGARCANE WILT DISEASE CAUSED BY Fusarium sacchari
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) AARADHNA; Minnatullah, Md.
    Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is grown in more than 110 countries employing over seven million farming communities. It is an important agro-industrial crop of tropical and subtropical regions of India significantly contributing to revenue collection. The crop is affected by the majority of diseases among which wilt disease caused by Fusarium sacchari is one of the most prevalent in the Bihar region. During the survey conducted in different cane growing regions of Bihar, the highest disease incidence of 20.42% was observed in Manjhaulia followed by Gopalganj 14.09%, Lauriya 14.05%, Saugauli 11.56%, Harinagar 11.16% in severe form, Sidhawalia 9.08%, Narkatiyaganj 9.06%, Hasanpur 8.18% and Kalyanpur 5.97% in moderate form. To find out the level of resistance in sugarcane varieties, field as well as pot trials were carried out at SRI, RPCAU, Pusa in which thirty varieties were evaluated against Fusarium sacchari. In field condition, it was observed that 6 varieties (20.69%) were resistant, 15 varieties (51.72%) were moderately resistant, 5 varieties (17.24%) were moderately susceptible and 3 varieties (10.34%) were susceptible. The pot experiments revealed 6 varieties (20.69%) as resistant, 11 varieties (37.93%) as moderately resistant, 4 varieties (13.79%) as moderately susceptible and 8 varieties (31.03%) as susceptible. A significant loss noticed in different quantitative and qualitative attributes of sugarcane due to wilt.The reduction in germination% (6.14%-38.20%), settling mortality% (4.55%-41.24%), cane height (6.66%-27.83%), cane girth (2.67%- 45.16%), cane weight (6.40%-47.27%), brix % (4.04%-25.58%), sucrose % (6.96%-49.16%) and in purity % (3.04%-31.69%) was observed. Among the four chemical used for treatment, Thiophenate Methyl 70 WP @1gm/l was the best followed by Azoxystrobin 23% SC @ 1ml/l, Propiconazole 25 EC @ 1ml/l and the least effective Tebuconazole 25 g EC @ 1ml/l. Among the two bioagents usedfor treatment, Trichoderma harzianum @ 10 gm/l was more efficacious than Trichoderma asperellum @ 10 gm/l. The highest net return(Rs 123480/ha) was obtainedin Thiophenate Methyl 70WP @1gm/ltreated plots and the minimum net return of (Rs 15466/ha) was obtained from the plots treated withTrichoderma asperellum @ 10gm/l. The highest profit per rupees invested was obtained in the treatment with Thiophenate Methyl 70WP @1gm/l(1:1.09) while the lowest profit obtained per rupees was from the treatment Trichoderma asperellum @ 10gm/l(1:0.15) as per the calculated Cost-Benefit Ratio (CBR). Thus, it can be conculded that Thiophenate Methyl was the best treatment.