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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20201
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Subject: Microbiology × Author: Satyam × End date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Rating Count: 5 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification and evaluation of biosurfactant for antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Satyam; Meena, Khem Raj
    Bio-surfactants are microorganism originated active, extracellular, amphiphilic, secondary metabolites produced by yeast, bacteria and fungi in late log or initial stationary phase of growth. Bio-surfactants have been reported for the possible use in various industries like pharmaceutical, cosmetics, petroleum, food industries and the most important it is used to control plant pathogenic diseases. The thesis entitled, “Identification and evaluation of biosurfactant for antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens” attempted as per mentioned work in synopsis. All four (04) bacterial isolates were screened for bio-surfactant production by the foam forming activity, emulsification activity and oil spreading activity via using cell-free broth as per previously reported methods. All bacterial strains (T1, T2, T3 and T4) were further selected for research work on the basis of screening results. All 4 bacterial strains were identified on the basis of morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization on the basis of forward and reverse sequence of the bacterial isolates. All four collected bacteria found as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus velezensis and Serratia marcescens after morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. Post Graduate Degree Programme : Master of Science in (Ag.) Microbiology Name of the Student : Satyam Admission / Reg. No. : M/MICRO/501/2018–19 Major Advisor : Dr. Khem Raj Meena Department : Microbiology Major Subject : Microbiology Minor Subject : Biotechnology Year : 2020 Title of the Research Problem : Identification and evaluation of biosurfactant for antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens Finally biosurfactant was extracted by Acid precipitation methanol extraction method and dissolved into the methanol into minimum require volume. Thereafter anti-fungal activity was performed in-vitro using crude biosurfactant. Bacteria were screened for production of bio-surfactant by foam forming activity, oil spreading tests and emulsification activity. All four bacterial isolates were screened for bio-surfactant production and Bacillus velezensis was found to be produced maximum bio-surfactant (0.349±0.004g/50mL). Bio-surfactant of all four bacterial isolates checked for fungal inhibition on PDA plate. Bacillus velezensis showed the percent inhibition 68.07%, 58.82%, 82.96%, 88.15%, 78.45%,72.68%, 83.96%, 75.47%, 68.07% and 88.44% against Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum falcatum, Fusarium udum, F. oxysporium f sp. ciceri, Helminthosporium maydis, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Aspergillus niger, Mucor piriformis, Helminthosporium oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani respectively.