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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20211
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Subject: Microbiology × Author: SRAVANTHI, KUCHIPUDI × End date: 2021 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF PGPR BASED LIQUID INOCULANTS USING DIFFERENT WASTE PRODUCTS
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) SRAVANTHI, KUCHIPUDI; Jaiswal, Aman
    In the present study, 32 PGPR based liquid inoculants were prepared using different combinations of carrier (nutrient broth, water + Oil), emulsifier (Tween-80/Triton-X-100), thickeners (carboxy methyl cellulose, corn cob powder and sugarcane bagasse), pH maintainer (eggshell powder) and protective agents (polyvinylpyrolidine, glycerol and gum arabic) among those 24 were nutrient broth based and 8 were water based liquid inoculants. PGPR consortium was added into these formulations, which was prepared with six bacterial cultures viz., Bacillus sp. (BS5), Pseudomonas sp. (PS2, PS3), Azotobacter sp. (AZT1, AZT2) and Azospirillum sp. (AZS3) after finding that they were compatible with each other. Further the individual bacterial cultures and the developed PGPR consortium were screened for plant growth promoting characters viz., phosphorus solubilization, Zn solubilization, siderophore production and IAA production. It was found that plant growth promoting characteristics of PGPR consortium (PSI-3.9cm, ZnSI-3.54cm, IAA-163 μg mg1 protein and siderophore production efficiency- 257%) was higher than the individual cultures. The developed liquid inoculants were stored at three different temperatures such as 4°C, 28°C and 40°C. They were characterized for shelf life (cell count), suspensibility and pH at 1month interval up to 8months. After 8months of storage, the formulation stored at stored at 4°C showed highest cell count,stable pH and low suspensibility followed by formulations stored at 28°C and 40°C in both nutrient both based and water based formulations.When compared to the water based formulations, nutrient broth based formulations showed more fluctuations in pH and cell count.But in terms of survivability nutrient broth based formulations showed highest cell count as compared to water based formulations after 8months of storage period.Among the nutrient broth based formulations, those formulation where 75% nutrient brothwas used, showed highest shelf life and pH followed by 100% (NB) and 50% (NB). Shelf life was highest in the formulations prepared with all types of thickeners (CMC + CP + SB) followed by formulations with two types of thickeners and single thickener at all storage temperatures. Formulation F16 (NB-75% + T-80/T-100 + GA+ PVP + GLY+ EP + CMC+ SB + CP) showed highest cell count i.e., 63 x108 cells/ml, 59 x108 cells/ml and 56 x108 cells/mlat 4°C, 28°C and 40°C respectively. Whereas in case of water-based formulations, formulation F32 (Water + Oil + T-80/T-100 + GA + PVP + GLY + EP + CMC + SB + CP) showed highest cell population. Least cell population was observed in those formulations (F1, F9, F17 and F25) which were prepared without any thickeners. The formulations have been checked and found to possess a shelf life of 8months and this new PGPR based liquid formulations using waste products can play significant role in sustainable utilization waste management and help in restoring the soil health and productivity on long term basis with its availability and applicability.