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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Home Science Extension Education × Author: Kumari, Runi × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Role Expectation and Role Performance of lady Supervisors under ICDS
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2016) Kumari, Runi; Singh, Meera
    India is now taking much interest in the welfare of children. Starting from the First Five Year Plan, several programmes were launched by the Government for the welfare of the children particularly in the field of health, nutrition and education, but in spite of all these programmes children of the country still face a number of problems. It is needless to say that child mortality rate is still quite large, during the 1st year of their life. This child mortality is still more than 10 per cent. Looking to this essential demand, the scheme “Integrated, Child Development Services” (ICDS) was launched on 2nd October, 1975. It is Central Government sponsored programme, which of services comprising of supplementary nutrition, immunization, health checkups, treatment of minor ailments, referral services, pre-school education, non-formal education, health education and convergence of other supportive services such as safe drinking water, sanitation etc. The ICDS is mainly a preventive and development programme to improve including the health and nutritional status of children below 6 years of age their mother. In Samastipur district, so far no study has been conducted on the lady supervisors engaged in Integrated Child Development Service and an assessment of their role expectation and role performance. For this reason, Samastipur district has been selected as locale of the research. Also the researcher is native of this district and the knowledge of local language and other factors helped the researcher in obtaining the data more accurately. Keeping in view the above facts, the present study is undertaken with the following specific objectives: Objectives 1. To study the socio-economic profile of supervisors engaged under the ICDS. 2. To identify the role expectation to be performed by supervisors. 3. To assess the role performance of ICDS supervisors. 4. To find out the relationship of socio-economic variables with the role expectation and role performance of supervisors engaged under the ICDS. 5. To elucidate the constraints faced by lady supervisors and suggest strategies for effective implementation of the ICDS. Methodology The present research in all the blocks of Samastipur district of north Bihar region for assessment of role expectation and role performance of lady supervisor under the ICDS. There are 116 lady supervisors engaged in ICDS scheme in this district. Out of which 50 per cent i.e. 58 lady supervisors constituted the sample size of the study using the Random Sampling Technique. Major findings The study reveals that majority of the lady supervisors were belonged to young age group, backward classes (BC+EBC) posses post graduate level of education, nuclear and small size of family, low level of family income, less than 5 years of length of service, medium level of job involvement and medium of knowledge. The findings shows that majority of the respondents (68.97%) had perceived their role expectation high level under the ICDS. Further, study shows that majority (62.07%) of the lady supervisors perform their role was also a high level. The correlation coefficients of socio-economic variables of the respondents with their role expectation indicated that the variables age, education, job involvement and knowledge level was positively and significantly associated with the role expectation. The multiple regression analysis indicated that in case of role expectation knowledge level of the supervisors had a maximum contribution and thus it ranked first. R2-value (0.827) altogether explained 82 per cent of variability towards the dependent variable. The variables education, type of family, job involvement and knowledge level of the respondents have positively and significantly correlated with their role performance. further, multiple regression analysis indicated that in case of role performance the variable education, knowledge level, job involvement contributed significantly towards the dependent variable. However, R2-value (0.663) altogether explained 66 per cent of variability towards the dependent variable. The maximum gap in the role expectation and role performance by lady supervisors was observed in the area of reporting, liaison & linkage and evaluation. The major social, psychological, institutional and infrastructural constraints faced by lady supervisors were lack of training facilities for AWWs, lack of complete knowledge of ICDS, lack of adequate facilities regarding work & work site information and lack of proper location of anganwadi buildings, respectively. Conclusion For effective implementation of ICDS programme the frequency of visit by supervisor should be increased. Support from health- Inter-sectoral coordination department is needed in conducting health education program, health check-ups, immunization camps and house visit. In area of AWCs there is need of infrastructure facility building ownership, roof material and floor material, number of rooms, kitchen facility, safe water supply, toilet facility and availability of electricity for effective implementation of ICDS. For frequent monitoring and supervising of the AWCs under the ICDS scheme the lady supervisors may be equipped with two wheeler vehicle. The major constraint is required to overcome for effective performing the role of lady supervisors. Besides this there is need of proper training facilities for AWWs about complete knowledge of ICDS, adequate facility regarding work & worksite, proper location of AWCs building etc. is required for effective role performance by lady supervisors under the ICDS.